Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Effectiveness of 3D‑printed models prepared from radiological data for anatomy education: A meta‑analysis and trial sequential analysis of 22 randomized, controlled, crossover trials

. Adil Asghar; . Shagufta Naaz; . Apurba Patra; . Kumar S. Ravi; . Laxman Khanal

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-15

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Many academicians suggested the supplementary use of 3D‑printed modelsreconstructed from radiological images for optimal anatomy education. 3D‑printed model is newertechnology ... Read More

Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID‑19 in hospitals in Sirjan at 2020

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-3

Abstract

The feasibility study of Internet‑assisted play therapy to resolve psychological disorders in primary healthcare settings: A qualitative study

. Sevil Momeni Shabani; . Fatemeh Darabi; . Nazila Nejaddadgar; . Ahad Azimi; . Masoud Shabani

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-4

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Play therapy is an intelligent tool in cognitive–behavioral therapies. In today’s world,the Internet and technology play a key role in all aspects of people’s ... Read More

Resilience related to novel coronavirus among doctors and undergraduate medical students‑A study from India

. Anant Kumar Verma; . Arshad Ayub; . Ganesh Prasad Singh; . Amardeep Kumar

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-6

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There are no studies pertaining to resilience related to novel coronavirus focusingprimarily on doctors and undergraduate medical students in India. The objectives of this ... Read More

Beliefs and expectations on digital learning and examinations among adult learners of a tertiary level health‑care institution

. Binukumar Bhaskarapillai; . Rajeeb K. Mishra; . Girish N. Rao; . Radhakrishnan Govindan

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-5

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) constrained the regular teaching ineducational institutions and hampered the teaching–learning process across the globe. E‑learningmethod ... Read More

Telemedicine in lung cancer during COVID‑19 outbreak: A scoping review

. Ali Garavand; . Nasim Aslani; . Ali Behmanesh; . Roshanak Shams

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-7

Abstract

Abstract:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic has negatively affected the medical services,particularly cancer diagnosis and treatment, for vulnerable cancer patients. ... Read More Abstract:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic has negatively affected the medical services,particularly cancer diagnosis and treatment, for vulnerable cancer patients. Although lung cancerhas a high mortality rate, monitoring and following up of these patients can help to improve diseasemanagement during the pandemic. Telemedicine has proven to be an effective method of providinghealth care to these patients. As a result, the purpose of this study was to identify telemedicineapplications in the management of lung cancer patients during the COVID‑19 pandemic. In this scopingreview, studies published in online scientific databases such as Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMedbetween January 1, 2020 and September 1, 2021 were systematically searched and screened. Thestudies were chosen using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The bibliometric informationand technological aspects of included studies were collected using a data extraction form and thedata was analyzed using the content analysis approach. A total of 68 articles were found, from whichfour articles were finally selected based on specific inclusion/exclusion criteria. Real‑time consultationwas one of the most common applications of telemedicine to deliver health‑care services to cancerpatients. Health‑care providers used applications such as Zoom, Facetime, WeChat, and e‑mail,as well as devices including PCs, phones, and smartphones to provide real‑time consultation topatients via videoconferencing, phone calls, and messaging, as well as store and forward consultationvia e‑mail. Telemedicine in the COVID‑19 pandemic provides health‑care services to lung cancerpatients at their homes by enabling physicians and patients to communicate in real time. Severaltelemedicine services are still unavailable for patients with lung cancer. As a result, health experts,politicians, and entrepreneurs must pay special attention to this issue.

Job demands and job resources for job satisfaction and quality health outcomes among nurses during COVID‑19: A cross‑sectional study in Indian health settings

. Varalakshmi Manchana

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-8

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic has created unprecedentedchallenges for the Indian health‑care system. Nurses, being vital partners of health care, experiencetremendous ... Read More

Educational challenges of family caregivers of vegetative state patients for home care preparedness: A qualitative content analysis

. Aliakbar Keykha; . Monir Ramezani; . Shahram Amini; . Hossein Karimi Moonaghi; . Azadeh Saki

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-10

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Patients with a vegetative state (VS) are completely dependent on caregivers inall physical aspects of their lives. Caring for such patients comes with a great deal of difficulty ... Read More BACKGROUND: Patients with a vegetative state (VS) are completely dependent on caregivers inall physical aspects of their lives. Caring for such patients comes with a great deal of difficulty forfamily caregivers. As a result, family caregivers must be fully trained and prepared for this role. Thepresent qualitative study was conducted to investigate the educational challenges faced by familycaregivers of VS patients for home care preparedness.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present qualitative study was conducted through the conventionalcontent analysis method from August 2020 to September 2021 in two provinces of Iran (Sistan andBaluchestan Province; and Razavi Khorasan Province). Fourteen family caregivers of patients in a VSwere included in the study. Semi‑structured and in‑depth interviews were employed to collect data.The Graneheim and Lundman method was utilized to conduct the data analysis using MAXQDA2020software. Data collection continued until data saturation and the identification of main categories.RESULTS: As indicated by the data analysis, three categories of “unmet educational needs,”“confused caregiver,” and “searching for practical knowledge” which included 19 sub‑categoriesdescribed the experiences of family caregivers of patients in a VS concerning challenges they wentthrough in preparation for patient care at home. Participants’ experiences revealed that despite theinadequacy of educations provided by health‑care providers on knowledge and skills required byfamily caregivers, they were committed to caring for the patient and trying to acquire the requiredknowledge.CONCLUSION: Results indicated that inadequate education and the lack of family caregivers’contribution to caring for the patient in the VS during their stay in the hospital impedes their acquisitionof adequate knowledge and skill to care for patients at home. Therefore, healthcare systempolicymakers should be planning to eliminate the educational barriers faced by family caregiversand expand the educational activities of hospitals’ homecare centers to provide educational supportof family caregivers after the patient’s discharge.

Predicting preventive behaviors of cardiovascular disease among oil industry workers based on health belief model

. Sahar Mohammadnabizadeh; . Ali Asghar Najafpoor; . Mohammad Vahedian‑Shahroodi; . Vahid Ghavami

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-5

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Working conditions play a significant role in the process that causes cardiovascular disease. In this regard, it is required to monitor the health conditions of workers ... Read More

Digital technology for facilitating inquiry‑based learning during the COVID pandemic for human anatomy course

. Neeraj Vedi; . Puja Dulloo; . Praveen Singh

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-10

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Linking anatomy with the clinical approach for creating an inquisitive mind fora millennium via the digital platform is the need of the hour. Traditional lecturing makes ... Read More BACKGROUND: Linking anatomy with the clinical approach for creating an inquisitive mind fora millennium via the digital platform is the need of the hour. Traditional lecturing makes studentshave rote memorization of the human anatomy. The inquiry‑based project will allow undergraduatemedical students to have a deeper understanding of human anatomy along with team building andinterpersonal skill development. This approach of teaching would allow students to link the contenttaught for human anatomy with its clinical applicability and probably generate inquisitiveness forfurther exploring the course content. The study aimed to appraise and assess the perception ofmedical students and faculty about the inquiry‑based digitalized project presentation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive cross‑sectional study was conducted for inquiry‑basedproject presentation where students were divided into 15 groups with 15 inquiries, which werepresented as projects on a digital platform under the guidance of the facilitator. The perceptionof students and faculty for the inquiry‑based approach was collected using a validated surveyquestionnaire. The quantitative data were analyzed by SPSS‑version 15, using descriptive statistics,Friedman’s rank, and thematic analysis for qualitative data.RESULT: In total, 117 students participated in the pre‑test and 129 in the post‑test part of the study.Also, 79.1% of students appreciated that the inquiry‑based project presentation approach allowedthem to link anatomy with different courses; 73.6% agreed that this approach has a positive impacton their attitude toward learning anatomy. Then, 75.2% students appreciated of learning new skillsusing the digital platform. They agreed to have developed leadership (65.1%) and team‑buildingskills (83.7%) and self‑directed learning (SDL) improvement (71.3%). However, some students (9.3%)and faculty (16.7%) had been ostracized for presenting their inquiry‑based projects on a digitalplatform, whereas 65.1% of students appreciated this approach.CONCLUSION: Inquiry‑based learning approach would allow students to have a deeperunderstanding of the subject knowledge and skills for the SDL and learn strategies for the usage ofvirtual technology for literature search.

Identifying the factors affecting on interaction of faculty member: A meta‑synthesis

. Mojgan Mohammadimehr; . Jamal Haji

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-9

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The ability to interact and communicate effectively is one of the factors affecting theperformance of faculty members, which is considered one of their basic competencies. ... Read More

Crossroads experiences for promoting self-authorship of clinical medical students: A qualitative survey

. Mehrnaz Zarei; . Shahram Yazdani; . Fakhrolsadat Hosseini; . John Sandars

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-9

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The capacity of self‑authoring one’s own beliefs, identity, and relationships is coreto many expected outcomes of future health‑care professionals. Students’ ... Read More

An overview and analogy of pedagogical approaches in online–offline teaching tactics in COVD‑19 pandemic

. Vandana Daulatabad; . Prafull Kamble; . Nitin John; . Jyoti John

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-6

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Learning helps acquire knowledge or skills. COVID‑19 outbreak severely affectedthe progress of education all across the globe. Pandemic‑induced alternative methods of ... Read More BACKGROUND: Learning helps acquire knowledge or skills. COVID‑19 outbreak severely affectedthe progress of education all across the globe. Pandemic‑induced alternative methods of teachingpromoted the progress of online education. Hence, this study is undertaken to assess an overviewof teaching learning strategies in the COVID‑19 pandemic so as to explore the direction of medicaleducation and help perk up the teaching learning methods in medical education.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cross‑sectional study involves first year medical undergraduatestudents of 2020–2021 batch studying at Dr.VMGMC, Solapur. It involves complete enumeration ofstudents of 2020-2021 batch. Due to the second wave of COVID‑19 pandemic hematology, classeswere continued and completed by the same faculty by online live teaching using Microsoft teams.As this being an online survey, it was ethically exempted. A comparison of questionnaires betweenoffline and online classes was done by using χ2 test and a P value less than 0.05 was consideredas significant. Quantitative data generated by the dichotomous question and five‑point Likert scalequestions were analyzed using descriptive statistics and frequency analysis. Out of 189 respondents,majority of students preferred traditional offline classes over online classes. Self‑directed learningwas feasible in both methods of teaching.DISCUSSION: Traditional offline classes were more interactive and enthusiastic than online classes.Offline classes helped students to revise, recollect, and reproduce necessary information as theirattention span was better in offline teaching than online teaching.CONCLUSION: Holistic understanding and better learning were experienced through traditionaloffline classes. Although teachers take double efforts for online teaching, the overall learning effectand impact of traditional offline classes were much better than online classes. It definitely motivatesandrgaogy and helps understand the concept on their own.

Investigation of correlation between Internet addiction and parent–child relationship in girls’ adolescence in the COVID‑19 pandemic

. Mahboobeh Ahmadian; . Mahboobeh Namnabati; . Fatemeh Joonbakhsh

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-5

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Today, the increasing process with the using internet is a kind of disease amongadolescents, especially in the COVID‑19 pandemic. The activities such as learning–educationalprocess ... Read More

Mobile health applications for pregnancy in Iran: Current state investigation

. Mahboubeh Shirvanian-Dehkordi; . Firoozeh Zare-Farashbandi; . Rahele Samouei; . Rasool Nouri

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-5

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The expansion of pregnancy‑related mobile applications has led to an increasein the usage of these applications by Iranian women, which has the potential to have a long‑termimpact ... Read More

Using student‑designed cases to foster creative and critical thinking skills in biochemistry

. Axita C. Vani; . Sherin Stephen; . Anjana V; . Sreekala P. L; . Rema A. K

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-8

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In this novel intervention, we have tried to incorporate case‑based learning withcreative and critical thinking. Creative thinking indulges students to generate and apply ... Read More

Participation’ goals of Community‑ based organizations in the COVID‑19 pandemic based on capacity gaps: A cross‑sectional study

. Fatemeh Rezaei; . Mahmoud Keyvanara; . Mohammad H Yarmohammadian

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-9

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There have been criticisms that local authorities develop disaster planningindependently, which led to less sensitiveness and responsibility of community‑basedorganizations ... Read More

A comparison of physiotherapy students’ perception about blended learning with online learning during COVID‑19 pandemic: A mixed method of study

. Narasimman Swaminathan; . Latha Ravichandran; . Sivakumar Ramachandran; . Steve Milanese

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-7

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The COVID‑19 pandemic has affected face‑to‑face teaching across the globe.The sudden shift in learning methods has impacted learning experiences significantly. Students’perception ... Read More

Explaining the challenges of hospitals admitting COVID‑19 patients from the perspective of managers (a qualitative study)

. Seyed Saeed Tabatabaee; . Vahid Vatandoost; . Fatemeh Kokabi Saghi; . Elahe Daghighbin

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-11

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Crises are often unavoidable events that occur around the world. Hospitals playan important role in treating patients and preventing extensive injuries in times of crisis, ... Read More BACKGROUND: Crises are often unavoidable events that occur around the world. Hospitals playan important role in treating patients and preventing extensive injuries in times of crisis, requiringadequate preparedness. In order to design a proper planning system, it is essential to be aware ofthe challenges of hospitals during a crisis. The purpose of this study was to explain the challengesof hospitals admitting COVID‑19 patients in the city of Mashhad, Iran, from the perspective of theirmanagers.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study employed a qualitative approach, using the method ofconventional content analysis and was conducted from May to July 2020. A purposive samplingmethod was used to recruit the senior managers of hospitals admitting COVID‑19 patients in Mashhad.The interviews were conducted face to face, with open‑ended questions following an interview guidebased on semi‑structured questions, and continued until data saturation was reached. Data wereanalyzed using Atlas Ti software.RESULTS: After the implementation of the interviews, first 665 initial codes were extracted fromthe data, and after removing the overlapping sequences, a total of 115 codes were obtained. Threecategories (organizational challenges, extra organizational challenges, and challenges related toinformation domain), 13 sub‑categories, and 33 codes were extracted from the content analysis ofthe interviews. The main themes propounded in the field of challenges of COVID‑19 referral hospitalsin Mashhad were organizational challenges, extra organizational challenges, and information domainchallenges.DISCUSSION: The results of this study showed that the hospitals admitting COVID‑19 patients inMashhad faced many challenges. To improve the quality of services in postcrisis phase, replacinghospitals’ equipment, revising curriculums at medical universities, staff retraining, recruiting skilledhuman resources, and creating a supportive community context are necessary.CONCLUSION: For sure, the COVID‑19 crisis will not be the last one, we have to be prepared forthe bigger health crisis.

Clinical, laboratory and high‑resolution computed tomography (HRCT) thorax profile of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR) negative COVID‑19 suspects with moderate to severe disease

. Arnab Banerjee; . Olivia Mukhopadhyay; . Ranjita Santra; . Anuran Bhadury; . Sirshendu Chaudhuri

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-6

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diagnostic dilemma arises when patients with clinical suspicion of COVID‑19disease having moderate‑to‑severe respiratory symptoms yield negative result for COVID‑19 ... Read More

Factors associated with preventive behaviors of COVID‑19 among children with congenital heart disease: Application of protection motivation theory

. Zohreh Sadat Navabi; . Alireza Ahmadi; . Mohammad Reza Sabri; . Fahimeh Bagheri Kholenjani; . Mehdi Ghaderian; . Bahar Dehghan; . Chehreh Mahdavi

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-8

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the underlying medical conditions thatput children at increased risk for coronavirus. This study aimed to predict preventive behaviors ... Read More

Psychological distress and coping styles among baccalaureate nursing students: Promoting mental health of future nurses in COVID‑19 pandemic

. Ankita Sharma; . Rajesh Kumar

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-9

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID‑19) causes significant psychological distress amongnursing students. College‑bound nursing students might have preferred different types of ... Read More BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID‑19) causes significant psychological distress amongnursing students. College‑bound nursing students might have preferred different types of copingstrategies to deal with psychological distress. This study aims to measure the psychological distressand role of coping styles to mediate the stress level among the baccalaureate nursing students amidthe COVID‑19 pandemic.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross‑sectional online survey was conducted in December 2020 ata nursing college attached to a tertiary care teaching hospital, North India. Nearly 251 baccalaureatenursing students completed the Impact of Event Scale‑Revised (IES‑R) and Coping Orientation toProblems Experienced Inventory (Brief‑COPE) scale to report their psychological distress and copingstyles, respectively. Chi‑square test, independent sample t‑test followed by binary and multivariableregression were used to identify the factors associated with distress in students during the pandemic.RESULTS: Students’ mean age was 22.22 ± 1.24 years. The mean IES‑R was 19.59 ± 12.45 innursing students. Psychological distress found a significant association with age (P = 0.022), academicclass (P = 0.016), travel history (P = 0.034), and being positive reverse transcription–polymerasechain reaction (RT‑PCR) for COVID‑19 status of self (P = 0.018) and family members in the medicalprofession (P = 0.013). In binary logistic regression, stress level found a significant association withfirst‑year academic level (OR: 3.250, 95% CI: 1.429–7.390, P = 0.005) and family members in themedical profession (OR: 4.44, 95% CI: 1.019–19.382, P = 0.047). Adaptive coping styles were morefrequently preferred than maladaptive coping styles (54% vs 41%). Adaptive (r = 0.295, P < 0.001)and maladaptive coping (r = 0.403, P < 0.001) shows a significant positive relationship with stressin students, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Coronavirus pandemic causes significant distress among nursing students. Studentswere able to manage stress using acceptance and religious/spiritual coping strategies. During thepandemic, stress management to support mental health is highly recommended.

Use of simulated patients for formative assessment of moral competence in medical students

. Mahboobeh Saber; . Sedighe Ebrahimi; . Neda Farzane; . Aliakbar Shakeri

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-7

Abstract

BACKGROUND: During the course of their education, medical students must attain moralcompetence. The current study aims at designing a formative structured examination that would createthe ... Read More

Effect of a community‑based multicomponent intervention on cervical cancer behavior among women – A randomized controlled trial

. Jisa George T; . Kiran Batra

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-9

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, especially in developingcountries. More than one‑fifth of newly diagnosed cervical cancer cases are occurring ... Read More BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, especially in developingcountries. More than one‑fifth of newly diagnosed cervical cancer cases are occurring in India. Cervicalcancer is a highly preventable and curable cancer compared with other types of cancer, if detectedat an early stage. The present study has been carried out to assess whether a community‑based,multicomponent, nurse‑led intervention program improves cervical cancer screening behavior ofwomen.MATERIALS AND METHODS: An experimental randomized controlled trial was carried out byrecruiting 419 women in the age group of 30–60 years (246 in the experimental group and 173 in thecontrol group) residing in a selected rural community (selected tribal settlements) of Idukki district ofKerala, India, using multistage cluster sampling. The intervention comprising small group educationfollowed by reinforcement session, telephonic reminders, navigation and guidance for Pap smear,and follow‑up visit by the investigator was administered to the experimental group, and the controlgroup did not receive any intervention. Knowledge, attitude, and screening behavior of women relatedto prevention of cervical cancer were assessed before and twice after the intervention.RESULTS: The experimental and control groups were homogenous in all baseline sociodemographicvariables. The community‑based intervention program was effective in improving knowledge(P< 0.001),attitude (P < 0.001), and screening behavior (P < 0.001) of women regarding the prevention of cervicalcancer. A significant moderate positive correlation was found between knowledge and screeningbehavior (r = 0.408). Significant association was found between knowledge, attitude, and practiceregarding prevention of cervical cancer with education, age at the time of marriage, and number ofpregnancies.CONCLUSION: The community‑based, multicomponent, nurse‑led intervention program waseffective in improving cervical cancer screening behavior among women. Repeated motivation andreinforcement are needed to bring behavioral change and to increase uptake of screening servicesamong rural women.

Investigating the effect of teach‑back method on improving the lifestyle of health ambassadors in Urmia

. Mohammad Saeed Jadgal; . Ehsan Movahed; . Moradali Zareipour; . Jalileh Amirzehni; . Tayebeh Samieizadehtoosi; . Fatemeh Ghorbani; . Fahimeh Haghi

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-7

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Adopting a healthy lifestyle is necessary to maintain and promote health. The aimof this study was to determine the effect of teach‑back method on improving the lifestyle ... Read More

Psychometric evaluation of the Arabic version of the Perceived Stress Scale in clinical practicum: Validity and reliability in the Moroccan nursing students

. Jamal Ksiksou; . Lhoussaine Maskour; . Anis Sfendla; . Moulay Smail Alaoui

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-7

Abstract

BACKGROUND: During clinical practicum, nursing students are subjected to stressors that canaffect their well‑being, academic performance, and technical skills. The purpose of this ... Read More

Comparison of the effect of face‑to‑face training and telemedicine on self‑care in adolescent pregnant women: A quasi‑experimental study

. Samira Khayat; . Maryam Palizvan; . Ali Navidian; . Hamed Fanaei; . Zahra Pahlavani Sheikhi

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-8

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Improving self‑care in adolescent pregnancy leads to improved maternal andneonatal outcomes of pregnancy. However, self‑care in adolescent pregnancy is less than otherwomen. ... Read More

Imperceptible learners: Students’ reasons for keeping webcams off and strategies to address students’ challenges

. Huma Farid; . Tania A. Siddiqui; . Rashna H. Sukhia; . Sana Jalil Hasan; . Ayesha Naveed; . Lubna Pasha

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-10

Abstract

BACKGROUND: “Should students keep their webcams on or off during synchronous online classes?”is an unanswered question with educators’ opinions divided on this aspect. ... Read More BACKGROUND: “Should students keep their webcams on or off during synchronous online classes?”is an unanswered question with educators’ opinions divided on this aspect. Along with educators’perspectives, it is also important to unfold students’ perspectives on this question. The objectivesof this study were to determine the routine and opinion of students’ regarding webcam usage andidentification of students’ reasons for not using webcams during online learning.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross‑sectional study was carried out at Margalla Institute of HealthSciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Census was done for data collection by including all dental students(n=180)enrolled at the institute attending synchronous online preclinical and clinical operative dentistry classes.Data collection was carried out using a self‑administrated questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was used todescribe survey item responses. Pair‑wise differences between demographic categories (female vs. male,and preclinical vs. clinical) were analyzed using the Pearson Chi‑Square test. Correlation of routine andopinion with students’ reasons were done using Spearman correlation. Ordinal regression analysis wasdone to associate routine and opinion with reasons. The level of significance (P value) was set at 0.05.RESULTS: Out of 180 students, 141 submitted the survey form, with a response rate of 77.47%. Themajority of the students (n = 117, 83%) used to keep their webcams off during online classes andwere (n = 69, 48.9%) of the opinion that webcams should be kept off during online classes. The mostcommon reasons for keeping the webcam off during online classes were “comfort” (n = 87, 61.7%)and “distractions” (n = 84, 59.6%). A statistically significant association of gender was obtained, withfemales more likely than males due to distraction, self‑consciousness, and appearance (P = 0.000,0.003, and 0.016, respectively). The odds of gender highly influenced routine use of cameras, andthis was statistically significant (OR: 3.478, P = 0.011). Students tended to keep their webcam offwhen they were inattentative during online classes (OR; 3.743, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: The majority of the students did not agree to keep the webcam on during onlinesynchronous learning. The main reasons for students’ reluctance to keep the webcam on wereself‑consciousness, surrounding consciousness, distractions, and technological issues. Studentscan be encouraged to turn the webcam on by framing strategies according to students' concerns.

Establishing a minimum data set for Parkinson’s (PMDS) in Iran

. Ahmad Chitsaz; . Sima Ajami; . Maryam Varnaseri

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-5

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The minimum data set (MDS) is one of the important steps in the development ofhealth care information systems. According to the Ministry of Health in Iran, a central and ... Read More

Effectiveness of a school‑based nutrition education program on waist circumference and dietary behavior among overweight adolescents in Puducherry, India

. Sumathy Ponnambalam; . Soundararajan Palanisamy; . Rajeswari Singaravelu; . Hemamalini Arambakkam Janardhanan

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-5

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The influence of western lifestyle such as high‑caloric dense food and sedentarylifestyle has a great influence on Indian children, and the current prevalence of childhood ... Read More

A comparative study of the effects of multimedia training materials on mini CEX scores of internal medicine residents in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

. Soheila Shokrollahi; . Farzaneh Ashrafi; . Bijan Iraj; . Athar Omid; . Vahid Mansouri

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-6

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Role of multimedia training materials on Mini-CEX scores of internal medicineresidents. We aimed to assess the effect of multi multimedia training materials on Mini-CEX ... Read More

Do social phobia and depression go hand in hand? A cross‑sectional study among school‑going adolescents of Northern region of India

. Kezia Gupta; . Jayanti Semwal; . Neha Sharma; . Abhay Srivastava; . Shaili Vyas

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-10

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The preeminent mental health conditions, namely social phobia and depressionamong adolescents, usually remain incognito. The transition period from childhood to adulthoodmakes ... Read More BACKGROUND: The preeminent mental health conditions, namely social phobia and depressionamong adolescents, usually remain incognito. The transition period from childhood to adulthoodmakes adolescents more liable for low amour‑propre, loneliness, and even increases the suicidaltendencies among them. To burgeon the knowledge regarding social phobia and depression amongadolescents, the present study was put forward with the objective to assess the prevalence of socialanxiety disorders (social phobia) and depression among adolescents.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross‑sectional study was conducted for 2 months on 600 studentsaged 10–19 years belonging to classes VIII–XII of government and private schools in the Dehradundistrict recruited through multistage random sampling technique. A pre‑tested semi‑structuredquestionnaire having sociodemographic details, validated self‑administered tools, Social PhobiaInventory tool, and Kutchers Adolescent Depression Scale (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.77 and 0.79) wereused. Statistical package for social sciences, version 23 was used for data analysis. Chi‑square test,Fisher exact test, and Pearson correlation analysis were used for analysisRESULTS: Prevalence of social phobia was found to be 37% among school‑going adolescents.Further, 23.7% of the study participants had mild social phobia, while moderate and severe phobiawas seen among 11.5% and 2.3%, respectively. Females had more moderate and severe socialphobia than males. Adolescents of government schools had more moderate affective distress andsomatic distress as compared to adolescents of private schools.CONCLUSION: Social phobia and depression among school‑going adolescents are on the upsurge.The present study shows that social phobia and depression have a strong correlation amongthemselves, which needs to be addressed as expeditiously as possible. Coping strategies and socialskill therapy and programs are pressing priorities for the fulgent future of adolescents.

Technical competency required by postgraduate psychiatric nursing students: A qualitative research

. Effat Sheikhbahaeddinzadeh; . Tahereh Ashktorab; . Abbas Ebadi

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-7

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Technical skills result in the patient’s safety. Psychiatric nurses need to learn andapply them to provide effective and secure cares. This study explains the technical ... Read More

Family types and parenting styles for infants in Khon Kaen province

. Piyanan Photichai; . Varisara Luvira

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-8

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The care of infants during their first six months is a significant matter. As therehave been shifts in social and economic conditions, families are diverging into several ... Read More

Study of suicidal thoughts and intentions with regard to job stress among female medical students living in dormitory with a mental health promotion approach

. Ali Salehi Sahlabadi; . Faezeh Abbasi Balochkhaneh; . Seyed Nouredin Hosseini Gousheh; . Javad Vatani; . Maliheh Eshaghzadeh; . Hamideh Bidel

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-6

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Medical students are exposed to stresses which have irreversible consequences,such as suicidal ideation. The present study aimed to investigate the level of occupational ... Read More

Teacher‑led versus student‑led seminar blended with portfolio for “assessment of learning”: An interventional study

. Arunita Jagzape; . Tushar Bharat Jagzape

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, Pages 1-6

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Increase in competitive demands has led to the promotion of seminar presentationby the students to increase active learning and for the assessment of learning. Portfolios ... Read More

Volume 13 (2023)

Volume 12 (2022)

Volume 11 (2021)

Volume 10 (2020)

Volume 9 (2019)

Volume 8 (2018)

Volume 7 (2017)

Volume 6 (2016)

Volume 5 (2015)

Volume 4 (2014)

Volume 3 (2013)

Volume 2 (2012)

Volume 1 (1900)

Volume & Issue: Volume 12, Issue 9, October 2022

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