Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Nursing students and faculty perception of academic incivility: A descriptive qualitative study

. Maryam Ehsani; . Sedigheh Farzi; . Fatemeh Farzi; . Sima Babaei; . Zeinab Heidari; . Fatemeh Mohammadi

Volume 13, Issue 2 , February 2023, , Pages 1-9

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Incivility is one of the significant challenges that affect nursing education. Uncivilbehaviors have a significant upward trend compared to the past in nursing education. ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Incivility is one of the significant challenges that affect nursing education. Uncivilbehaviors have a significant upward trend compared to the past in nursing education. This studywas conducted to explore academic incivility from the perspective of nursing students and faculty.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in 2021 using a descriptive qualitativemethod. Fifteen baccalaureate nursing students and six faculty were selected using purposefulsampling method. Data was collected through in‑depth semi‑structured interviews, and a qualitativecontent analysis was applied for data analysis.RESULTS: Data analysis revealed four categories, namely, ineffective teaching–learning, inapposite/unreasonable requests, behaviors disrupting mutually respectful environment, and academicdishonesty, and 14 subcategories.CONCLUSION: To reduce incivility, closer attention needs to be paid to the admission of faculty aswell as training them to use effective communication techniques and interactive teaching methods.In addition, nursing students must be provided with the training about uncivil behaviors. Furthermore,clear and precise rules and regulations concerning incivility incidence should be developed andimplemented in the universities.

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Correlations of resilience with coping strategies, and the underlying factors in the nurses working in COVID‑19 hospitals

. Fatemeh Ruhabadi; . Abdolghader Assarroudi; . Neda Mahdavifar; . Mostafa Rad

Volume 12, Issue 11 , December 2022, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: As the core of a health‑care team, nurses play a key role in promoting communityhealth, and their job involves witnessing human suffering and pain in health‑care settings. ...  Read More BACKGROUND: As the core of a health‑care team, nurses play a key role in promoting communityhealth, and their job involves witnessing human suffering and pain in health‑care settings. The presentstudy aimed to evaluate the correlations between resilience coping strategies, and the underlyingfactors in the nurses working in COVID‑19 hospitals.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive, cross‑sectional study was conducted on 320 nursesworking in COVID‑19 wards for a minimum of 6 months in 2021. The participants were selectedvia multistage sampling. Data were collected using demographic, resilience, and coping strategyinstruments. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20.RESULTS: The mean resilience score was 76.94 ± 11.33. The mean scores of emotion‑focusedand problem‑focused strategies were 59.65 ± 4.40 and 96.08 ± 5.38, respectively. The assessmentof the correlation between resilience with the emotion‑focused and problem‑focused strategiesshowed a positive significant correlation (r = 0.25; P < 0.001 and r = 0.33; P < 0.001, respectively).CONCLUSION: According to the results, the nurses working in COVID‑19 wards mostly adoptedproblem‑focused strategies in difficult work conditions depending on the required care provision.Both coping strategies significantly affected the subscales of resilience in the nurses. Therefore, it isrecommended that special attention be paid to teaching strategies to cope with anxiety and resilienceand develop problem‑solving skills in nursing personnel during the emergence and outbreak of newdiseases in order to reduce their anxiety.

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Coping strategy with coronavirus disease‑2019 health anxiety in nursing students

. Raziyeh Ghafouri; . Arezoo Qadimi; . Hosna Karami Khomaam

Volume 12, Issue 10 , November 2022, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: The high prevalence of coronavirus disease‑2019 (COVID‑19) has a lot of stress onmedical students. This study was conducted to investigating the adaptation strategy ...  Read More BACKGROUND: The high prevalence of coronavirus disease‑2019 (COVID‑19) has a lot of stress onmedical students. This study was conducted to investigating the adaptation strategy with COVID‑19health anxiety in nursing studentsMATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was designed as a cross‑sectional study. Participantsof the study were 431 students of the Nursing and Midwifery Faculty of Shahid Beheshti Universityof Medical Sciences. Inclusion criteria were studying at the time of the outbreak of COVID‑19 andwillingness to participate in the study. Data collection tools included participated in the study. Datacollection tools included a demographic questionnaire, Health Anxiety and Coping Inventory forStressful Situations (Short Form). Reliability of tools was assessed and confirmed with Cronbach’salpha coefficient. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of health anxiety was 0.76 and Cronbach’s alphacoefficient of Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations was 0.79. Data were collected between July2020 and September 2020. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationshipbetween the data. Data were analyzed with SPSS 26.RESULTS: Findings indicated that most of the participants were female, single, 22–28 years old, andundergraduate students. The mean of COVID‑19 health anxiety was 5.59 ± 17.04. Results showedthat 19.58 ± 5.05 of the participants used avoidance‑focused adaptation strategies, 25.12 ± 3.88problem‑focused adaptation strategies, and 19.32 ± 5.13 emotion‑focused adaptation strategies.CONCLUSION: The COVID‑19 health anxiety was higher in female, young, and married students.The problem‑focused adaptation strategy should be further taught so that students can better copingwith COVID‑19 health anxiety.

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The survey of nursing students’ attitude towards virtual education and its relationship with their satisfaction during the Covid‑19 epidemic: A cross‑sectional study

. Mansooreh Rooeintan; . Niloofar Hajiaraghi; . Seyed Maryam Mousavi; . Behnaz Asadizaker; . Zahra Gorjian

Volume 12, Issue 10 , November 2022, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‑19) pandemic has increased virtual educationuse. This study aimed to determine the attitude of nursing students of Ahvaz Jundishapur Universityof ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‑19) pandemic has increased virtual educationuse. This study aimed to determine the attitude of nursing students of Ahvaz Jundishapur Universityof Medical Sciences towards virtual education and its relationship with their satisfaction during theCovid‑19 pandemic.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive‑analytical study was conducted during 2020–2021with the participation of 229 nursing students (undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral) who had spentat least one semester virtually at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The samplingmethod was convenience. The data collection tool was a questionnaire consisting of three parts.The first part included students’ demographic information and the second and third parts includedthe standard questionnaire of individual development and educational assessment to determinestudents’ attitudes toward virtual education and their satisfaction with this type of education. IBMSPSS statistics 22 software and descriptive and analytical statistical tests were used for data analysis.RESULTS: According to the study results, the mean score of students’ attitudes toward virtualeducation was 35.1 ± 11.3 and the mean score of students’ satisfaction with this educational methodwas 88.3 ± 30.6, both of which are at the desired level. Also, a direct relationship was found betweenstudents’ attitudes and satisfaction scores (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: In this study, the attitude of nursing students to virtual education and their satisfactionwith this educational method had been at the desired level. Therefore, the relevant authorities shouldalso consider the necessary planning in the field of using this educational method and improvingstudents’ attitudes towards it under normal conditions.

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A modified Delphi study to identify strategies to promote health literacy in parents of children with cancer

. Somaye Sayahi; . Masoud Bahrami; . Ahmad Ali Eslami; . Alireza Moafi

Volume 12, Issue 10 , November 2022, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Parents play a key role in the care, monitoring, management of symptomsexperienced in children with cancer, the support, and follow‑up of treatment. However, there is ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Parents play a key role in the care, monitoring, management of symptomsexperienced in children with cancer, the support, and follow‑up of treatment. However, there is apaucity of research as how to improve the health literacy of parents with cancer. The aim of thisstudy was to identify the best and most important strategies to promote health literacy in parents ofchildren with cancer.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A two‑step modified Delphi method was used to establish consensusin Iran in 2021. Fourteen experts representing oncology, clinical nursing, and faculty members ofnursing were selected by purposive sampling. In round one, 90 strategies to promote health literacyobtained in the qualitative study were distributed to the experts, which were scored from 1 to 5. Inorder to discuss statements without consensus in the first round, round two was held in a face‑to‑facemeeting. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and percentage of responsefrequency were used to calculate agreement levels between experts.RESULTS: In round one, 57 statements reached a consensus. In round two, 21 statements reached aconsensus. Finally, 78 statements reached consensus representing four domains including functionalhealth literacy, interactive health literacy, critical health literacy, and care health literacy.CONCLUSION: Delphi method helps to identify the best and most important strategies to use inhealth literacy promotion programs for parents of children with cancer. Identifying these strategieswill help health officials, planners, and policymakers.

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Psychological distress and coping styles among baccalaureate nursing students: Promoting mental health of future nurses in COVID‑19 pandemic

. Ankita Sharma; . Rajesh Kumar

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, , Pages 1-9

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID‑19) causes significant psychological distress amongnursing students. College‑bound nursing students might have preferred different types of ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID‑19) causes significant psychological distress amongnursing students. College‑bound nursing students might have preferred different types of copingstrategies to deal with psychological distress. This study aims to measure the psychological distressand role of coping styles to mediate the stress level among the baccalaureate nursing students amidthe COVID‑19 pandemic.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross‑sectional online survey was conducted in December 2020 ata nursing college attached to a tertiary care teaching hospital, North India. Nearly 251 baccalaureatenursing students completed the Impact of Event Scale‑Revised (IES‑R) and Coping Orientation toProblems Experienced Inventory (Brief‑COPE) scale to report their psychological distress and copingstyles, respectively. Chi‑square test, independent sample t‑test followed by binary and multivariableregression were used to identify the factors associated with distress in students during the pandemic.RESULTS: Students’ mean age was 22.22 ± 1.24 years. The mean IES‑R was 19.59 ± 12.45 innursing students. Psychological distress found a significant association with age (P = 0.022), academicclass (P = 0.016), travel history (P = 0.034), and being positive reverse transcription–polymerasechain reaction (RT‑PCR) for COVID‑19 status of self (P = 0.018) and family members in the medicalprofession (P = 0.013). In binary logistic regression, stress level found a significant association withfirst‑year academic level (OR: 3.250, 95% CI: 1.429–7.390, P = 0.005) and family members in themedical profession (OR: 4.44, 95% CI: 1.019–19.382, P = 0.047). Adaptive coping styles were morefrequently preferred than maladaptive coping styles (54% vs 41%). Adaptive (r = 0.295, P < 0.001)and maladaptive coping (r = 0.403, P < 0.001) shows a significant positive relationship with stressin students, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Coronavirus pandemic causes significant distress among nursing students. Studentswere able to manage stress using acceptance and religious/spiritual coping strategies. During thepandemic, stress management to support mental health is highly recommended.

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The correlation between nursing students’ healthy lifestyle behaviors, cardiovascular disease risk factors’ knowledge level, and obsession symptoms

. Dilek Baykal; . Leman Kutlu; . Burcu D. Demir

Volume 12, Issue 7 , August 2022, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Nursing students have a role in the awareness of risk factors in the developmentof healthy lifestyle behaviors. Nursing students’ awareness of disease risk factors ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Nursing students have a role in the awareness of risk factors in the developmentof healthy lifestyle behaviors. Nursing students’ awareness of disease risk factors plays a role indeveloping healthy lifestyle behaviors. Therefore, it was aimed to determine the relationship betweenthe effect of nursing students’ healthy lifestyle behaviors and cardiovascular disease risk factors’knowledge levels and obsessive–compulsive symptoms.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive cross‑sectional study. Two hundred andtwenty‑four students studying in the nursing departments of two foundation universities participatedin the study between April and October 2020. Sociodemographic information form, Health PromotingLifestyle Profile II (HPLP‑II), Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level (CARRF‑KL),and Maudsley Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) were applied to the students.RESULTS: It was found that the nursing students’ healthy lifestyle behaviors (123.53 ± 25.78) andcardiovascular risk factors’ knowledge level (21.08 ±± 2.70) were high. Obsessive–compulsivesymptoms (16.12 ± 6.22) were moderate. In the correlation of sociodemographic characteristics, itwas found that age correlated with the nutrition subdimension of CARRF‑KL and HPLP‑II, incomelevel correlated with HPLP‑II, place of residence correlated with HPLP‑II, CARRF‑KL, and MOCI, andhaving a health problem correlated with health responsibility. Income status, place of residence, andpresence of health problems were found to be correlated with HPLP‑II in all subdimensions in theregression analysis. In the regression analysis of HPLP‑II with CARRF‑KL and MOCI scales, it wasfound that it was significantly related to interpersonal relations, spiritual growth, stress management,and total score dimensions.CONCLUSION: Healthy lifestyle behaviors of nursing students are related to cardiovascular riskfactors’ knowledge level and obsession symptoms. In addition, some demographic characteristicsaffect healthy lifestyle behaviors.

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The needs of colorectal cancer patients/survivors: A narrative review

. Masoud Bahrami; . Masoumeh Masoumy; . Alireza Sadeghi; . Rohallah Mosavizadeh

Volume 12, Issue 6 , July 2022, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Identifying and addressing the needs of Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients/survivors’ is important to improve patients/survivors’ quality of life (QoL) and ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Identifying and addressing the needs of Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients/survivors’ is important to improve patients/survivors’ quality of life (QoL) and health. The present study aimed to review studies that have investigated CRC patients/survivors’ needs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this narrative review, databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Iranmedex, ISC, SID, and Magiran were searched during 2011–2021 using keywords included need, CRC, colon cancer, rectal cancer.RESULTS: The findings of the studies showed that the needs of the CRC patients/survivors’ can be categorized into the 6 domains including informational, psychological, social, physical, financial, and spiritual needs.CONCLUSIONS: By identifying CRC patients/survivors’ needs, healthcare providers particularly nurses can develop and design comprehensive care programs tailored to the needs and priorities of these patients/survivors to improve their QoL and health.

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The shadow of paternalism on patient‑centeredness in oncology nursing care: A barrier of health‑care promotion

. Fariba Taleghani; . Saba Farzi; . Ahmadreza Yazdannik; . Mehran Sharifi Esfahani

Volume 12, Issue 4 , April 2022, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Patient‑centered care (PCC) is a key component of high‑quality care. Given the different effects of cancer on patients, patient‑centeredness is very important ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Patient‑centered care (PCC) is a key component of high‑quality care. Given the different effects of cancer on patients, patient‑centeredness is very important in oncology nursing care. The aim of this study was to explore nurses’ perceptions of the patient‑centered in oncology nursing care.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive qualitative study was conducted in 2018–2020, Iran. Data collection methods included observation and semi‑structured interviews. Patient, family, and nurse behaviors were observed (total: 318 h). In addition, interviews were conducted with nurses and nursing managers (12 interviews). Data analysis was performed using Graneheim and Lundman’s approach.RESULTS: Data analysis resulted in the emergence of four themes: “Organizational structure as a barrier to the PCC,” “Lack of institutionalization of PCC in nurses,” “Understanding and paying attention to the patient as PCC,” and “Situational PCC.” The final theme of this study is “PCC in the shadow of paternalism.”CONCLUSIONS: The paternalism approach in the context of oncology nursing care has made the realization of PCC difficult. The first step to promote PCC is increasing nurses’ awareness of the impact of paternalism on patient‑centeredness. Providing patient‑centered oncology nursing care requires changing attitudes, values, and behaviors at individual, professional, and organizational levels.

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Occurrence of urinary tract infection and preventive strategies practiced by female students at a tertiary care teaching institution

. Prasuna Jelly; . Rajni Verma; . Reena Kumawat; . Suman Choudhary; . Lisa Chadha; . Rakesh Sharma

Volume 12, Issue 4 , April 2022, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are more common in females than males and predominantly based on their unhealthy practices in their day to day lives. This study is ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are more common in females than males and predominantly based on their unhealthy practices in their day to day lives. This study is trying to assess the occurrence of UTI and strategies used by female student to prevent UTI.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross‑sectional descriptive study carried out in a tertiary care teaching institute. A total of 338 conveniently selected B. Sc. Nursing and MBBS Medical students were surveyed. The data were collected by using a pretested, a self‑structured questionnaire related to occurrence and practices to prevent UTI along with necessary demographic details. Descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential (Chi‑square test) statistics was used to compute the data.RESULTS: The result of this study shows that 10.05% female students reported of having UTI. The proportion was higher in nursing students (67.6%) than medical (32.4%) but did not show a significance difference (P = 0.61). Age, duration of hostel life, and marital status were significantly associated with the status of UTI (P = 0.001). To prevent UTI, students were using commercial product with Tea Tree Oil, soap, drinking 3–4 l water/day, increased frequency of peri‑wash during menstruation period, and use of Citrus Fruits. The use of western toilet was also significantly associated with status of UTI (P = 0.04).CONCLUSION: The occurrence of UTI was more among nursing students. Most of the perineal hygienic practices by the female students were associated with occurrence of UTI; hence, it is necessary to emphasize on preventive practices to minimize re‑occurrence.

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Comparison of two new educational techniques on knowledge of nurses about cerebrovascular accident nursing care in emergency department

. Zahra Dehghan; . Nasrollah Alimohammadi

Volume 12, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 1-5

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: One of the important challenges faced by health‑care system is to raise the level of knowledge of nurses about cerebrovascular accident(CVA) nursing care in the emergency ...  Read More BACKGROUND: One of the important challenges faced by health‑care system is to raise the level of knowledge of nurses about cerebrovascular accident(CVA) nursing care in the emergency department. Therefore, the aim of this study was comparison of two new educational techniques (noninteractive multimedia learning and workshop) on knowledge of nurses about CVA nursing care in the emergency department.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This experimental study was conducted with a two‑group design. Sixty‑four eligible nurses working in the emergency department in selected hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, were selected as the study participants. Nurses were randomly assigned into two groups of noninteractive multimedia (n = 32) and workshop (n = 32) using random number table. The data‑gathering tools including a demographic questionnaire (6 items) and knowledge questionnaire (24 items) were completed before and 2 weeks after the intervention in both the groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 and descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (ANOVA, independent t‑test, and paired t‑test). The level of statistical significance was P ≤ 0.05.RESULTS: The result shows that independent t‑test showed that there was not a significant difference between the mean total scores of nurses’ knowledge before intervention in the two groups (P > 0/05). Furthermore, the results of paired t‑test showed a significant difference in the knowledge score 2 weeks after compared to before the education in both the groups (P < 0.005). In addition, the results of independent t‑test showed a significant difference in the knowledge score 2 weeks after the intervention in the two groups (P < 0.005). The average knowledge score in the workshop group was significantly higher than in noninteractive multimedia learning group.CONCLUSION: According to the result, new educational techniques such as noninteractive multimedia learning and workshop could improve knowledge of nurses about CVA nursing care in the emergency department.

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Essential dimensions of professional competency examination in Iran from academic and clinical nurses’ perspective: A mixed‑method study

. Foroozan Atashzadeh‑Shoorideh; . Sadat Seyed Bagher Maddah; . Leila Azimi; . Tahereh Toulabi; . Leila Valizadeh; . Vahid Zamanzadeh; . Raziyeh Ghafouri

Volume 11, Issue 10 , November 2021, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Planning for the issuance of professional competency examination has been put onthe agenda of professional policymakers, but the ways of evaluating and conducting examinations ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Planning for the issuance of professional competency examination has been put onthe agenda of professional policymakers, but the ways of evaluating and conducting examinations andits dimensions are the main challenges. The present study aimed to explain the essential dimensionsof professional competency examination in Iran from academic and clinical nurses’ perspective.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present mixed‑method study was performed at three stages,systematic review, qualitative, and quantitative stages. At the first stage, 56 articles and texts werecollected from PubMed, CINHAL, Ovid, and ProQuest databases, by using the keywords, namelyprofessional competency examination and assessment. Base on the inclusion criteria and eligibilityassessment of article, six articles and one text on regulation were selected. At the second stage,the results of the literature review were approved by 20 nursing experts. Direct content analysis wasused for data analysis. The results were prepared in the form of a questionnaire. At the last stage,the questionnaire was given to 2209 clinical, academic, nurse managers, and nurses.RESULTS: Based on findings of the review literature, essential dimensions of the professionalcompetency examination included a central theme of the client’s needs with four categories. At thesecond stage, the Professional Competency Examination dimensions were approved by experts.At the third stage, a comparison of findings indicated that clinical nurses emphasized more oncardiopulmonary resuscitation, client safety, and implementation of procedures, while academicnurses emphasized on the client’s needs, client education, and clients’ physiological integrity.CONCLUSION: The client’s need is the most important dimension in the professional competencyexamination. The nurses will be successful in providing care if they can identify the clients’ needsand provide care plans based on client needs and priorities.

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Assessment of determinants predicting success on the Saudi Nursing Licensure Examination by employing artificial neural network

. Vincent Edward Butcon; . Eddieson Pasay‑An; . Maria Charito Laarni Indonto; . Liza Villacorte; . Jupiter Cajigal

Volume 11, Issue 9 , October 2021, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: This study aims to use the artificial neural network as a novel approach to explorefactors that determine and predict successful performance of nursing interns in Saudi ...  Read More BACKGROUND: This study aims to use the artificial neural network as a novel approach to explorefactors that determine and predict successful performance of nursing interns in Saudi Arabia on theSaudi Nursing Licensure Examination (SNLE).MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study employed a cross‑sectional, analytic approach. A total of62 nursing interns were recruited by convenience sampling from the University of Hail to participate.Data collection was conducted from September to December 2019. Descriptive statistics were usedto describe the demographic characteristics of the nursing interns and their responses regardingexamination determinants. Neural network analysis was used to identify factors that are highlypredictive of the success of the nursing interns on the SNLE.RESULTS: Overall, the nursing interns were undecided (3.94 ± 0.14) about the influential factorsdetermining their success. Their study hours (100%) and grade point average (GPA) (96.9%) wereidentified as strong determinants reflective of the tenacity and vigor of the nursing interns, based onthe predictive power of the model. Meanwhile, age (45.7%), marital status (21.3%), gender (15.2%),and the type of academic program (5.9%) were considered the least important of the sociodemographicvariables.CONCLUSION: Exam preparation activities such as preparation programs, review classes, andexam simulations must be promoted and enhanced to increase the passing tendencies of the nursinginterns in the SNLE. The GPA and increased study hours make the most significant contributions tosuccess on the SNLE as compared to other variables such as age, gender, marital status, and theacademic program. This study serves as a springboard for nursing educators and administrators inlaying tailored strategies to strengthen the nurse interns’ GPA and time management.

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Training pain management to nursing students: Designing, implementing, and evaluating a mobile‑based application

. Leila Shahmoradi; . Mahtab Mehrabanfar; . Seid Ali Emami Meibodi; . Elham Navab; . Hossein Majedi Ardakani; . Azita Yazdani; . Jebraeil Farzi

Volume 11, Issue 9 , October 2021, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Pain is a common health issue and acute pain is the main problem for patientsafter surgery and injury. Inadequate and inappropriate management of pain is dangerous and costlyfor ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Pain is a common health issue and acute pain is the main problem for patientsafter surgery and injury. Inadequate and inappropriate management of pain is dangerous and costlyfor patients and leads to undesirable health effects. To overcome this problem, empowerment ofthe health‑care team, especially nurses, is essential. Today, to improve the quality of health‑careprovision, various methods are used that e‑learning is one of them.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on the studies on pain management, existing parameterswere extracted, and according to them, the educational content of the software was approved bynursing professors and anesthesiologists. The Unified Modeling Language diagrams were designedto provide a better understanding of the entities and the order in which the software operates. Thesoftware was implemented in the google android studio environment using Photoshop and JQuerymobile. Finally, the software was evaluated by using Questionnaire for User Interface Satisfaction.The software was evaluated by experts and students in two stages. The first stage was evaluatedby eight anesthesiologists and nursing professors, and the second stage was evaluated with theparticipation of 55 undergraduate students and 28 M.Sc. nursing students.RESULTS: The software was developed with two main modules of training and testing, and sectionsof the report, about us and exit, and four scenarios for the test section. In the initial evaluation ofsoftware by experts with an average of 91.85%, and in the second assessment of students, with amean of 78.15%, application software was evaluated at a good level.CONCLUSIONS: In order to teach academic and practical (clinical) materials to students, the use ofdigital teaching aids and e‑learning, along with traditional methods such as lectures, increases thestudents’ eagerness, and motivation to learn more and thereby enhance the level of learning andimproving the quality of education.

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The of effect of partnership‑based education on adherence to the treatment plans in open heart surgery

. Fatemeh Bahramnezhad; . Neda Sanaie; . Alun C. Jackson; . Esmail Shariati; . Foroozan Atashzadeh‑Shoorideh

Volume 11, Issue 8 , September 2021, , Pages 1-9

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Adherence to the treatment plans is one of the most effective conducts to preventand reduce postoperative side effects. Partnership‑based education is one of the most ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Adherence to the treatment plans is one of the most effective conducts to preventand reduce postoperative side effects. Partnership‑based education is one of the most efficient ways toshape health behaviors. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of partnership‑basededucation on adherence to the treatment plans in open heart surgery.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This quasi‑experimental study was conducted in 2019–2020 onthe patients undergoing open heart surgery in Tehran (Capital of Iran). Sampling was done in oneeducational hospital. A total of 86 patients and their caregivers participated in the study. Samplingwas done nonrandomly by tossing a coin, and patients were allocated into the odd week in theintervention group and the even week in the control group (n = 43 in each group), and data werecollected before and after intervention using the Treatment Adherence Questionnaire concerningdietary, physical activity, and medication aspects. The educational intervention was carried out afterthe pretest analysis in five 20–45 min sessions (two individual and three group educations). Datawere analyzed with Chi‑square, independent t‑test, and paired t‑test using SPSS 19 at a significancelevel of P < 0.05.RESULTS: Patients and caregivers in both groups did not have a significant difference in terms ofdemographic variables (P > 0. 05). In addition, there was no significant difference in the mean ofdietary, physical activity, and medication plans before the intervention in both groups; however, afterthe intervention, the mean of the three aspects in the intervention group was significantly higher thanthat of control (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Implementing partnership‑based education with participation of patients andcaregivers is influential in improving patients’ adherence to the treatment plans and it is recommendedas a clinical dynamic educational strategy.

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Effects of blended aromatherapy using lavender and damask rose oils on the test anxiety of nursing students

. Narges Hashemi; . Fatemeh Nazari; . Aref Faghih; . Mostafa Forughi

Volume 11, Issue 8 , September 2021, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: People experience extreme anxiety in testing situations, so it considers as apsychological condition and can actually impair learning and hurt test performance. People experiencesome ...  Read More BACKGROUND: People experience extreme anxiety in testing situations, so it considers as apsychological condition and can actually impair learning and hurt test performance. People experiencesome degree of stress and anxiety before and during examinations. This study aimed to investigatethe effect of blended aromatherapy using lavender and damask rose oils on the test anxiety ofnursing students.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was a single‑blinded clinical trial study. Seventynursing students were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental and sham groups. Forthe experimental group, seven droplets of lavender, 10%, and three droplets of damask rose oil,10%, and for the sham group, ten droplets of sesame oil were poured on a nonabsorbent pad whichwas placed within a 20‑cm distance from the students’ noses on their chairs’ handles. The data werecollected by using a two‑part questionnaire including demographic information and State‑Trait AnxietyInventory 1, before, 15 min after the intervention, and immediately at the end of the test. Data wereanalyzed using descriptive (frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential (independentt‑test, ANOVA with repeated measure, Fisher’s exact test, and least significant difference post hoctest) statistics.RESULTS: It was found that no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, thenumber of credits, Semester Grade Point Average and, gender, place of residence and maritalstatus and the two groups were almost identical in regard of the above variables (P > 0.05). Stateanxiety mean scores of the experimental group were lower than the mean scores of the sham group,15 min after the intervention and at the end of the test, and the difference between the groups wasstatistically significant (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Blended aromatherapy is effective in improving the test anxiety of nursing students.Therefore, it can be used as a therapeutic approach to reduce test anxiety.

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The effects of teaching methods on academic motivation in nursing students: A systematic review

. Maryam Saeedi; . Raziyeh Ghafouri; . Fereshteh Javaheri Tehrani; . Zahra Abedini

Volume 11, Issue 6 , July 2021, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  Motivation is one of the key factors in educational achievement. Like any other field of study, motivationin nursing is highly critical. The instructor’s knowledge about the teaching ...  Read More Motivation is one of the key factors in educational achievement. Like any other field of study, motivationin nursing is highly critical. The instructor’s knowledge about the teaching methods that are effectivein academic motivation of students enables them to adopt proper measures to improve the teachingefficiency. The present paper is a systemic review of the efficiency of instructional interventions inimprovement of academic motivation in nursing students. The published papers related to the studyfrom 2000 to February 2020 were searched at different databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Webof Science, PsycInfo, and ERIC. To examine the quality of the articles, critical appraisal instrumentfor reports of educational interventions was used. Totally, 18 articles entered the study for structuredreview. The majority of the articles reported that educational interventions improved academicmotivation in nursing students. The effective teaching methods described in the reviewed articlesthat led to an improvement in academic motivation were simulation, case‑based learning, cooperativelearning, learning contract, peer assessment, and self‑assessment using video typing. As the findingsshowed, implementation of applied and participatory methods in teaching process improved theacademic motivation of nursing students. Therefore, using such methods, nursing instructors canimprove the academic motivation of their students.

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The most prominent problems of diabetes education in Iran: A qualitative content analysis

. Faridokht Yazdani; . Parvaneh Abazari; . Fariba Haghani; . Bijan Iraj

Volume 11, Issue 6 , July 2021, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Education in vulnerable communities can be a health affordable strategy topromote patient empowerment. Recognition and understanding the problems of diabetes educationare ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Education in vulnerable communities can be a health affordable strategy topromote patient empowerment. Recognition and understanding the problems of diabetes educationare of significance to overcome the barriers and advance the educational and care services tocontrol diabetes and promotion of society health. The aim of this study was to explore participants’perspectives, experiences, and preferences, regarding diabetes education problems.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive, qualitative study was conducted from March 2016 toSeptember 2017. The participants were 23 people including nine patients with diabetes and their familymembers and 14 members of diabetes healthcare team (physicians, nurses, and nutritionists). Thedata were collected through individual semi‑structured interviews and analyzed through conventionalcontent analysis approach proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. Some main categories andsubcategories emerged.RESULTS: Three main categories showed the most prominent problems of diabetes education,namely, inadequate infrastructure for diabetes education, insufficient defined and de facto positionfor the role of diabetes nurse educator, and the failure in patient‑oriented team approach in diabeteseducation.CONCLUSION: This article addresses the most important problems of diabetes education. Thefundamental strategy to overcome these problems seems to be the planning and management ofdiabetes education as a high priority in the noncommunicable disease management policies of theMinistry of Health and Medical Education.

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Assessing the compliance of educational curricula of selected disciplines with the content standards of cancer‑related palliative care

. Zahra Ebadinejad; . Maryam Rassouli; . Ali Fakhr‑Movahedi

Volume 11, Issue 6 , July 2021, , Pages 1-13

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Management of cancer complications requires the provision of palliative care as acomprehensive care by the main and trained members of this method of care. The aim of the ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Management of cancer complications requires the provision of palliative care as acomprehensive care by the main and trained members of this method of care. The aim of the presentstudy was to assess the compliance of educational curricula of selected disciplines with the contentstandards of cancer‑related palliative care.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this descriptive–comparative study, the content standards ofpalliative care for nurses, physicians, and social workers were identified based on the World HealthOrganization guideline and Oxford Textbook of Palliative Nursing. For this purpose, a separatechecklist was prepared for the disciplines with different dimensions. Then the face and contentvalidity of the checklists were checked. Finally, we examined the coordination between selectedcurricula available on the website of Education Deputy of the Ministry of Health, Treatment andMedical Education with the dimensions of the checklists.RESULTS: All three curricula in most domains were relevant with the content standards, but therewas the biggest education need in the areas related to the dimensions of “planning and educational,”“educating physician in palliative care,” and “considering patient preferences” in these disciplines.CONCLUSIONS: To meet the educational needs, it is suggested to change some course topics,hold training courses, or joint workshops.

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Challenges of postgraduate emergency nursing program in Iran: A qualitative study

. Reza Norouzadeh; . Mohammad Abbasi

Volume 11, Issue 4 , May 2021, , Pages 1-5

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Some nursing schools in Iran with the aim of training qualified nurses have set upmaster’s degrees in emergency nursing. In any case, there are challenges in the implementationof ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Some nursing schools in Iran with the aim of training qualified nurses have set upmaster’s degrees in emergency nursing. In any case, there are challenges in the implementationof this discipline in academic nursing centers which prevent the fulfillment of goals and missions inthe curriculum.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this qualitative study, four graduates of the master of emergencynursing and 13 undergraduate students were purposively recruited from the Nursing and MidwiferyFaculty in Qom, Iran. Data were collected through semi‑structured interviews and analyzed throughconventional content analysis.RESULTS: Emergency nursing master’s program challenges consist of two categories: nonproductivecourse design and unresolved infrastructure. The extracted subcategories were unfit curriculum,inappropriate content, nonspecialized program, unclear roles, improper course planning, unskilledhuman resources, and poor educational facilities.CONCLUSION: Based on the experiences of nursing graduates, the curriculum of master ofemergency nursing in Iran needs to be substantially revised in terms of content and structure.

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The effectiveness of two evaluation techniques in the clinical education field: A step for promotion of bachelor nursing student’s satisfaction

. Shahla Mohamadirizi; . Ahmadreza Yazdannik; . Marjan Mohamadi; . Athar Omid

Volume 11, Issue 3 , March 2021, , Pages 1-4

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Paying attention to students’ opinions and suggestions on existing evaluationmethods and new methods of evaluation is an essential and important part of clinical education, ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Paying attention to students’ opinions and suggestions on existing evaluationmethods and new methods of evaluation is an essential and important part of clinical education, sothis study aimed at determining the effectiveness of two evaluation techniques satisfaction amongundergraduate nursing students.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a quasi‑experimental study conducted on 60 undergraduatenursing students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2019. There were 30 samples in eachgroup (logbook and e‑logbook) that were selected by convenience sampling method. the Androidapplication (e‑logbook) was used in the intervention group to evaluate the clinical skills of students.The User Satisfaction Questionnaire was conducted by undergraduate nursing students. Data wereanalyzed using SPSS software version 14 and descriptive statistical tests.RESULTS: The results showed that the mean (standard deviation) overall score of satisfactionfrom both evaluation methods including logbook and e‑logbook was 39.7 (9.4) and 47.7 (12.2),respectively. Also satisfaction score of the evaluation method was significantly different betweenthe two groups (P = 0.03).CONCLUSION: According to the results of the present study, the use of new and active methods ofevaluation, including the application of e‑logbook, can be useful in evaluating nursing students andcause student satisfaction, so using the application is useful.

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Professional responsibility‑acquiring process among bachelor degree nursing students: A grounded theory study

. Saeed Ghasemi; . Leila Karimi; . Batool Nehrir

Volume 10, Issue 12 , December 2020, , Pages 1-9

Abstract

  INTRODUCTION: Professional responsibility‑acquiring process among bachelor degree nursingstudents is important for their current and future performance and educational and health‑caresystem, ...  Read More INTRODUCTION: Professional responsibility‑acquiring process among bachelor degree nursingstudents is important for their current and future performance and educational and health‑caresystem, but this process has not been explored in the literature. The aim of the current study is toexplore the process of acquiring professional responsibility among bachelor degree nursing students.METHODOLOGY: The study design was based on grounded theory (Corbin and Strauss 2015).Purposive and theoretical sampling led to the inclusion of 18 individual interviews and a focus groupinterview with bachelor degree nursing students, their instructors, and key informants in a nursingschool and university, an educational hospital, and a health comprehensive service center in Tehranin 2019–2020.RESULTS: After data analysis, 6 categories, 17 primary categories, 64 subcategories, and 1747 initialcodes were extracted. Trying to optimal use of the educational period was the main category of thisstudy and its primary categories were responsible learning and performance management strategies,there were facilitators and inhibitors categories for applying these strategies. Personal, educational,and professional context factors were primary categories that may lead to the main concern (uncertainproductivity of the educational period) with regard to acquiring professional responsibility. Protectionof the students and others versus irresponsibility was consequence category of this process.CONCLUSION: Knowing the process of acquiring professional responsibility among bachelor degreenursing students can be used to facilitate the formation, promotion, and evaluation of professionalresponsible behaviors. Further researches in these areas are recommended.

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Education promotion based on “mobile technology” in the Critical Care Nursing Department: Four‑phase intervention

. Somayeh Ghafari; . Ahmadreza Yazdannik; . Shahla Mohamadirizi

Volume 10, Issue 11 , November 2020, , Pages 1-5

Abstract

  INTRODUCTION: Evaluation of students’ clinical performance is an essential part of nursingeducation. Mobile technology is one of the new methods of evaluation that has opened ...  Read More INTRODUCTION: Evaluation of students’ clinical performance is an essential part of nursingeducation. Mobile technology is one of the new methods of evaluation that has opened a new horizonfor nursing professors. Therefore, this study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate mobile healthtechnology in critical care nursing department in four‑phase intervention.METHODS: This study was a four‑stage educational intervention in which all postgraduate studentsof intensive care nursing in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences participated in the study. The foursteps were designing and developing a logbook, needs assessment, designing and implementingan Android app, and evaluating users (students) of the Android app. Subjects' satisfaction scoreswere collected using a researcher-made questionnaire with 14 questions. Data were analyzed usingSPSS 14 software.RESULTS: In this study, a clinical practice evaluation app was designed at four levels ofaccess (student, professor, department manager, and faculty dean). The results showed that morethan half of app users reported this technology in terms of an overall response to the tool (87.5%),tool specificity (100%), the amount of information displayed (75%), page layout (62.5%), informationrate (75%), recall information (87.5%), and ease of doing instructions (100%) were positive.CONCLUSION: Evaluation of clinical practice using technology was associated with increasingstudents’ satisfaction with evaluation method. In addition, this application enabled the simultaneousinteraction between the professor with the higher and lower ranks, including the department managerand student and vice versa and the simultaneous recording of this interaction.

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Students’ perception of problems and benefits of night shift nursing internship: A qualitative study

. Farhad Bahramirad; . Narjes Heshmatifar; . Mostafa Rad

Volume 10, Issue 10 , October 2020, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  INTRODUCTION: Recently, the night shift is included in the curriculum of nursing internship students.However, this shift is associated with some problems and benefits for students, ...  Read More INTRODUCTION: Recently, the night shift is included in the curriculum of nursing internship students.However, this shift is associated with some problems and benefits for students, which have beenassessed in limited studies. This study aimed to discover and describe the problems and benefitsof the night shift for nursing internship students.METHODOLOGY: This qualitative method was carried out with the conventional content–analysismethod. In total, 15 seventh‑semester and eighth‑semester nursing students at Sabzevar Universityof Medical Sciences, Iran, were selected by purposeful sampling. Data were collected using in‑depthsemi‑structured interviews about students’ perceptions of night shift problems and benefits. In addition,data analysis was performed applying the conventional content–analysis technique.RESULTS: In this study, seven main categories were extracted, five of which included problemssuch as exploitations, being an outsider, moral distress, learning deficits, and annoyance. The othertwo categories were benefits including gaining new experiences and independence.CONCLUSION: The problems related to the students were the nursing personnel and the educationalsystem of hospitals, which can be dealt with through the interaction of the educational system withhospitals managers in order to clarifying the role of students, fair division of work, and makingeducational resources available. Moreover, gaining new experiences and independence are amongthe benefits of the night shift for students, the continuation of which is in favor of nursing education.

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Nursing education in the path of globalization: Promotion or challenge?

. Safoura Dorri; . Azar Abedi; . Nooredin Mohammadi

Volume 10, Issue 10 , October 2020, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  Globalization has been attracted by great literature and papers of many disciplines in recent years.Although globalization has considerable social, political, and economic effects, ...  Read More Globalization has been attracted by great literature and papers of many disciplines in recent years.Although globalization has considerable social, political, and economic effects, it has turned to animportant challenge in health‑care systems. Nursing, as the largest part of the health system inthe world, has also been affected by globalization. The purpose of the present paper is to critiqueglobalization and its impacts on the nursing profession. This review article was conducted by searchingfor reliable internet resources in the English language on the impact of globalization on nursing.Published articles were searched until 2018, and related articles were extracted in three stages:1‑selection of articles by reading abstract, 2‑selection with an overview of the text, and 3‑selectionwith a full review of the article’s text. According to the literature of globalization, we categorize anddiscuss the nursing areas that are affected by globalization in nine areas: global nursing development,nurses emigration,information interchange and interactions in nursing, higher education in nursing,professional territory, nursing specialization, professional ethics, management and supervision, andprofessional independence. The intensity of globalization effects on the nursing profession has notbeen the same in all societies, and factors such as compliance of society, culture, and technologyare among the most important factors that affect it. Globalization is an inevitable process and bringswith itself many prominent promotions such as global nursing development and important challengessuch as nursing emigration and ethical issues.

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