Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Department of Educational Psychology, Kharazmi University, Iran
2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Knowledge Utilization Research Center, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In social cognitive theory, self‑efficacy and self‑concept (SC) have been introduced
as important constructs that associate with adolescents’ achievements. The aim of this study was
to investigate the determinant factors of academic self‑efficacy (ASE) and SC in Iranian high school
students based on the multilevel analysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this descriptive‑analytical cross‑sectional study, 1740 students
from 53 high schools selected with stratified random sampling method in 2018 in Qazvin,
Iran. Data collection tools were the Morgan and Jinks Self‑Efficacy Scale and the Piers‑Harris
Children’s SC Scale‑Second Edition. The association between some of the students and school
variables with ASE and SC was analyzed by hierarchical linear regression models.
RESULTS: The score of the students’ standardized ASE was lower than SC. ASE and SC had a
strong positive significant association with economic status, grade point average, and the educational
period of high school. Sex had no association with any of them. Physical activity had a positive
significant association with SC but was no found association by ASE.
CONCLUSION: These findings revealed that for improving the adolescents’ ASE and SC should be
attention to the adolescents’ family condition and school‑related factors. Proper educational, sports,
and supportive programs can be effective on the adolescents’ self‑efficacy and SC.
Keywords
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