Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
2 Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
3 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan,Iran
4 Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The ultimate goal of education at all levels is the ability to generate and foster
students’ creativity. This study aimed at determining and comparing creativity and its influencing
factors among medical students.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this cross‑sectional study conducted in 2019, 720 medical students
in Shahroud public and private universities were selected and studied through stratified cluster
random sampling. Data were collected using the Guilford Creativity Questionnaire. The data were
analyzed using Chi‑square, Pearson correlation coefficient, t‑test, and multiple logistic regression
with a significance level of 0.05.
RESULTS: The mean creativity score of the students was 131.4 ± 13.8. The mean creativity scores on
the fluency, elaboration, originality, and flexibility dimensions were 49.2 ± 5.3, 22.1 ± 3.4, 34.8 ± 4.7,
and 25.4 ± 3.5, respectively. In terms of creativity levels, 75.2% of the students (n = 542) had
moderate creativity and 23.8% (n = 171) had high creativity. A significant relationship was observed
between creativity and educational level (P = 0.006). Multiple logistic regression results showed that
educational level with an odds ratio of 0.59 was associated with a decreased chance of creativity.
CONCLUSION: Most of the students had moderate creativity. Moreover, among the factors examined
in this study, variables other than the field of the study and educational level had no significant effect
on students’ creativity. Therefore, using collaborative and cooperative learning and problem‑based
learning strategies, teachers’ critical thinking styles, establishing teamwork groups, concept mapping,
and using innovative and creative teaching methods can help to enhance students’ creativity.
Keywords
- Lubart TI, Georgsdottir A. Creativity: Developmental and
cross‑cultural issues. Creativity: When east Meets West; 2004.
p. 23‑54.
2. Rudowicz E, Tokarz A, Beauvale A. Desirability of personal
characteristics associated with creativity: Through the eyes of
Polish and Chinese University students. Thinking Skills Creativity
2009;4:104‑15.
3. Gerhart B, Fang M. Pay, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation,
performance, and creativity in the workplace: Revisiting long‑held
beliefs. Annu Rev Organ Psychol Organ Behav 2015;2:489‑521.
4. Amiri M, Khosravi A, Mokhtari AA. Job satisfaction and its
influential factors. J Res Health Sci 2010;10:42‑6. - 5. Mahzoonzadeh Bushehri F. The relationship between students’
problem‑solving skills and creativity mediated by self‑efficacy:
Modelling structural equations. Innovation Creativity Human
Sci 2017;6:27‑50.
6. Tang C, Ding X. Graduate students’ creative professional virtual
community behaviors and their creativity. Comput Human Behav
2014;41:464‑70.
7. Candrasekaran S. Developing scientific attitude, critical thinking
and creative intelligence of higher secondary school biology
students by applying synectics techniques. Int J Human Soc Sci
Invent 2014;3:1‑8.
8. Torrance EP. The nature of creativity as manifest in its testing.
In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), The nature of creativity: Contemporary
psychological perspectives. Cambridge University Press 1988:
pp. 43–75.
9. Guilford J, Christensen PR. The one-way relation between creative
potential and IQ. J Creative Behav 1973;7:247‑52.
10. Daemi H, Moghimi Barforoosh S. Normalization of the creativity
test. Adv Cognitive Sci 2005;6:1‑8.
11. Dietrich A. The cognitive neuroscience of creativity. Psychon Bull
Rev 2004;11:1011‑26.
12. Sternberg RJ, Lubart TI. The concept of creativity: Prospects and
paradigms. Handbook Creativity 1999;1:3‑15.
13. Henneberg M, Saniotis A, Kumaratilake J. Creative and reasoning
skills are low among health sciences students who rely mostly
on memorized templates: An Australian case. Med Sci Educ
2013;23:35‑46.
14. Csikszentmihalyi M. Flow and the Psychology of Discovery and
Invention. New York: Harper Perennial; 1997. p. 39.
15. Khodayarian M, Salimi T, Nasiriani K, Javadi S. A comparison of
creativity in nursing undergraduate and and graduate students
of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in 2014. J Med
Educ Develop 2017;11:319‑29.
16. Ahmadi A. Relation between methods of struggling with Stress
and the method of solving problem by self‑regulated learning.
Proced Soc Behav Sci 2015;171:1273‑9.
17. Chan ZC. A systematic review of creative thinking/creativity in
nursing education. Nurse Educ Today 2013;33:1382‑7.
18. Jones JH, Morris LV. Evaluation of critical thinking skills
in an associate degree nursing program. Teach Learn Nurs
2007;2:109‑15.
19. Green MJ, Myers K, Watson K, Czerwiec MK, Shapiro D, Draus S.
Creativity in medical education: The value of having medical
students make stuff. J Med Humanit 2016;37:475‑83.
20. OriolX, Amutio A, MendozaM, Da Costa S, MirandaR. Emotional
creativity as predictor of intrinsic motivation and academic
engagement in university students: The mediating role of positive
emotions. Front Psychol 2016;7:1243.
21. Fakhri M, Mirzaian B, Banihashemian K. Correlation between
general health with emotional intelligence and creativity in
medical college students at Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch,
Sari, Iran. Qom Univ Med Sci J 2012;6:53‑7.
22. Zare H, Agah HM, Bayat M. Creativity and personality traits in
college students. Develop Psychol 2011;7:155‑64.
23. Irajirad Arsalan ME. The effect of psychological capita Mediation
by motivation on Students’ Creativity. Sci Res Quarterly
2017;6:51‑70.
24. Amiri M, Valinejad‑Lajimi A, Sadeghi Z, Sadeghi N, Khosravi A.
Investigating the creativity and its influencing factors among
medical students. Int J Health Stud 2019;4:20‑23.
25. Sadeghi Gandomani H, Delaram M, Naseri‑Ziba F,
Naseri‑Boroujeni N. Assessment the creative skills of nursing
students and nurses in the intensive care units of hospitals
covered by tehran university of medical sciences. Res Med Educ
2015;7:11‑9.
26. Mohammadi Y, Kazemi S, Hajabadi M, Raisoon M. The
Relationship Between Physiological Learning Styles, Creativity,
and Academic Achievement among Students at Birjand University
of Medical Sciences During the Academic Year 2013‑2014; 2015.
27. Moshirabadi Z, Seyedfatemi N, Borimnejad L, Haghani H,
Yazdanizunuz M. Comparison of Creativity Skill between the
First Year and Fourth Year Undergraduate Nursing Students;
2013.
28. Noferesti A, Moin al‑ghorabaie F. Emotional intelligence and
creativity in university students. J Trans Psychol 2010;7:175‑89.
29. Auzmendi E, Villa A, Abedi J. Reliability and validity of a newly
constructed multiple‑choice creativity instrument. Creativity Res
J 1996;9:89‑95.
30. Peyvastegar M, Dastjerdi E. Relationship between creativity and
subjective well‑being. Int J Behav Sci 2010;4:207‑13.
31. Heidari A, Seyedasiaban S. The Comparison of Critical Thinking,
Hardiness, Achieve‑Ment Motivation and Creativity Ofthe Male
and Female Students of Islamic Azad University of Andimeshk;
2013.
32. Qrabaghy H, AmirTimuori M, Maghami H. Examine the
Relationship between Creativity and Efficacy of Computer
Technology in Teaching Undergraduate Courses School
Psychology and Educational Sciences. Allameh Tabatabai
University; 2011.
33. Rogal SM, Young J. Exploring critical thinking in critical
care nursing education: A pilot study. J Contin Educ Nurs
2008;39:28‑33.
34. Ghomi M, Zahra. M, Mohammadi SD. The Relationship between
Creativity with Mental Health and Academic Achievement in
Students at Qom University of Medical Sciences. Educ Develop
Judishapur 2019;9:229‑42.
35. Noori MM, Ahadi H, Askari P, Hashemian K, Mazaheri MM. The
link between creativity and mental health among the students of
the universities in Tehran. J Am Sci 2012;8:709‑18.
36. Ganji H, Sharifi H, Mir‑Hashemi M. The effect of brainstorming
on enhancing creativity in students. Educ Quarterly (in Persian)
2005;21:89‑112.
37. Hosseinikhah N, VahedianM. AComparison of Attachment Styles
and Creativity Among Male and Female University Students.
Innovation & Creativity In Human Science 2011;1:89‑109.
38. Thomas B. Promoting creativity in nursing education. Nurs Res
1979;28:115‑9.
39. Friedel CR, Rudd RD. Creative thinking and learning styles
in undergraduate agriculture students. J Agricultural Educ
2006;47:102.
40. Hajilou Y, Yazdani H, Shokrpour N. The Relationship between
Iranian EFL learners’ creativity and their lexical reception and
production knowledge. English Language Teach 2012;5:131‑46.
41. Piaw CY. Relationship between thinking styles and ability to pay
attention of Malaysian male and female student teachers. Int J
Procedia Social and Behavioral Sci 2014;116:4839‑43.
42. Sharifi HP, Sharifi N, Tangestani Y. Prediction of educational
improvement based on self‑efficacy, self‑regulation and creativity
of students in Islamic Azad university, Roudehen branch. Educ
Administ Res Quarterly 2013;4:157‑78.
43. Olatoye R, Akintunde S, Ogunsanya E. Relationship between
creativity and academic achievement of business administration
students in south western polytechnics, Nigeria. Afr Res Rev
2010;4:134‑149.
44. Balgiu BA, Adîr V. Creativity tasks and academic achievement.
A study on Romanian politehnica undergraduate students.
Procedia Soc Behav Sci 2014;116:924‑8.
45. Pirkhaefi A. Relationship between meta component of creativity
and mental health in student of university. Soc Cognition
2013;1:101‑12.
)