Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Role of self-efficacy, outcome expectation, and outcome expectancy in promoting oral health behaviors in adolescent girls

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

. Masoumeh Alidosti
. Elahe Tavassoli

Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Oral health is a very important issue for different groups, especially adolescents.
Social cognitive theory seeks to describe and promote people’s health behaviors in a variety of ways.
The aim of this study was to determine the role of self‑efficacy, outcome expectation, and outcome
expectancy in promoting oral health behaviors in adolescent girls in Shahrekord.
METHODS: The present study was performed as an intervention in junior high schools in
Shahrekord (school year: 2018–2019). Using cluster sampling method, a total of eighty adolescent
girls studying in Shahrekord public schools were selected and randomly divided into two groups of
intervention and control. A researcher‑made questionnaire was used to collect data on demographic
variables, outcome expectation, and outcome expectancy constructs. In addition, a checklist was
used to assess the status of oral health among the participants. Education for the experimental group
was held in four sessions, each lasting 50–60 min. The data required for the study were collected in
three stages: before the intervention, immediately after, and 2 months after the intervention. Using
SPSS statistical software version 18, the collected data were analyzed through paired t‑test and
analysis of variance via repeating the observations.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic
variables. Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in
terms of the mean scores of outcome expectation, outcome expectancy, and self‑efficacy; however,
after the intervention, there was an increase in the scores of the experimental group (P < 0.001). Two
months after training, there was also a significant increase in the mean score of oral health behavior
in the experimental group (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Training based on perceived self‑efficacy, outcome expectation, and outcome
expectancy played an important role in creating the desired attitude toward oral health‑promoting
behavior among students.

Keywords

Adolescent
oral health
outcome expectancy
outcome expectation
perceived self‑efficacy
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Journal of Education and Health Promotion
Volume 10, Issue 9
September 2020
Pages 1-7

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