1. Schlagintweit HE, Bailey K, Rosen NO. A new baby in the
bedroom: frequency and severity of postpartum sexual concerns
and their associations with relationship satisfaction in new parent
couples. J Sex Med 2016;13:1455‑65.
2. Khajehei M, Doherty M, Tilley PJ, Sauer K. Prevalence and risk
factors of sexual dysfunction in postpartum Australian women.
J Sex Med 2015;12:1415‑26.
3. Abdool Z, Thakar R, Sultan AH. Postpartum female sexual
function. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2009;145:133‑7.
4. Lee JT, Tsai JL. Transtheoretical model‑based postpartum sexual
health education program improves women’s sexual behaviors
and sexual health. J Sex Med 2012;9:986‑96.
5. Ghana S, Mahasti Joybari L, Sanago A. The sexual experiences of
women during pregnancy and lactation. J Obstet Gynecol Infertil
2013;60:18‑24.
6. Banaei M, Torkzahrani S, Ozgoli G, Azad M, Mahmoudikohani F,
Pormehr‑Yabandeh A. Addressing the sexual function of women
during first six month after delivery: Aquasi‑experimental study.
Mater Sociomed 2018;30:136‑40.
7. Sayed Ahmed WA, Kishk EA, Farhan RI, Khamees RE. Female
sexual function following different degrees of perineal tears. Int
Urogynecol J 2017;28:917‑21.
8. Meriwether KV, Rogers RG, Dunivan GC, Alldredge JK, Qualls C,
Migliaccio L, et al. Perineal body stretch during labor does
not predict perineal laceration, postpartum incontinence, or
postpartum sexual function: A cohort study. Int Urogynecol J
2016;27:1193‑200.
9. López‑Lapeyrere C, Serna‑Gómez N, Hernández‑López AB,
Pérez‑García MF, Tejeda‑Esteban A, Solís‑Muñoz M. The
development and validation of a new postpartum sexual function
and dyspareunia assessment tool: The Carol Scale. Midwifery
2018;58:27‑36.
10. Chang SR, Lin WA, Lin HH, Shyu MK, Lin MI. Sexual dysfunction
predicts depressive symptoms during the first 2 years postpartum.
Women Birth 2018;31:e403‑11.
11. Desgrées‑du‑Loû A, Brou H. Resumption of sexual relations
following childbirth: norms, practices and reproductive
health issues in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Reprod Health Matters
2005;13:155‑63.
12. Anzaku A, Mikah S. Postpartum resumption of sexual activity,
sexual morbidity and use of modern contraceptives among
Nigerian women in Jos. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2014;4:210‑6.
13. Rezaei N, Azadi A, Sayehmiri K, Valizadeh R. Postpartum sexual
functioning and its predicting factors among Iranian women.
Malays J Med Sci 2017;24:94‑103.
14. Dabiri F, Yabandeh PA, Shahi A, Kamjoo A, Teshnizi HS. The
effect of mode of delivery on postpartum sexual functioning in
primiparous women. Oman Med J 2014;29:276‑9.
15. Lee JT, Yen HW. Randomized controlled evaluation of a
theory‑based postpartum sexual health education programme.
J Adv Nurs 2007;60:389‑401.
16. The World Health Organization’s. Postpartum Care of the Mother
and Newborn: Apractical Guide. Available from: http://www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/documents/who_rht_
msm_983/en/. [Last accessed on 2019 Dec 10].
17. Lopez LM, Hiller JE, Grimes DA. Education for contraceptive
use by women after childbirth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev
2010;20:CD001863.
18. Lee JT, Tsai JL, Tsou TS, Chen MC. Effectiveness of a theory‑based
postpartum sexual health education program on women’s
contraceptive use: a randomized controlled trial. Contraception
2011;84:48‑56.
19. Rosen R, Brown C, Heiman J, Leiblum S, Meston C, Shabsigh R,
et al. The female sexual function index (FSFI): a multidimensional
self‑report instrument for the assessment of female sexual
function. J Sex Marital Ther 2000;26:191‑208.
20. Fakhri A, Pakpour AH, Burri A, Morshedi H, ZeidiIM. The female
sexual function index: translation and validation of an Iranian
version. J Sex Med 2012;9:514‑23.
21. Alimohammadi L, Mirghafourvand M, Zarei F, Pirzeh R. The
effectiveness of group counseling based on Bandura’s self‑efficacy
theory on sexual function and sexual satisfaction in Iranian
newlywed women: A randomized controlled trial. Appl Nurs
Res 2018;42:62‑9.
22. Behboodi Moghadam Z, Rezaei E, Khaleghi Yalegonbadi F,
Montazeri A, Arzaqi SM, Tavakol Z, et al. The effect of sexual
health education program on women sexual function in Iran.
J Res Health Sci 2015;15:124‑8.
23. Zamani M, Latifnejad Roudsari R, Moradi M, Esmaily H. The
effect of sexual health counseling on women’s sexual satisfaction
in postpartum period: A randomized clinical trial. Int J Reprod
Biomed (Yazd) 2019;17. pii: ijrm.v17i1.3819.
24. Alum AC, Kizza IB, Osingada CP, Katende G, Kaye DK. Factors
associated with early resumption of sexual intercourse among
postnatal women in Uganda. Reprod Health 2015;12:107.
25. Saotome TT, Yonezawa K, Suganuma N. Sexual dysfunction
and satisfaction in Japanese couples during pregnancy and
postpartum. Sex Med 2018;6:348‑55.
26. Matthies LM, Wallwiener M, Sohn C, Reck C, Müller M,
Wallwiener S. The influence of partnership quality and
breastfeeding on postpartum female sexual function. Arch
Gynecol Obstet 2019;299:69‑77.
27. Fuentealba‑Torres M, Cartagena‑Ramos D, Fronteira I, Lara LA,
Arroyo LH, Arcoverde MA, et al. What are the prevalence and
factors associated with sexual dysfunction in breastfeeding
women? A Brazilian cross‑sectional analytical study. BMJ Open
2019;9:e025833.
28. Quoc Huy NV, Phuc An LS, Phuong LS, Tam LM. Pelvic floor
and sexual dysfunction after vaginal birth with episiotomy in
Vietnamese women. Sex Med 2019;7:514‑21.
29. Baksu B, Davas I, Agar E, Akyol A, Varolan A. The effect of mode
of delivery on postpartum sexual functioning in primiparous
women. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2007;18:401‑6.
30. Zhuang C, Li T, Li L. Resumption of sexual intercourse post
partum and the utilisation of contraceptive methods in China:
A crosssectional study. BMJ Open 2019;9:1‑7.
31. O’Malley D, Higgins A, Begley C, Daly D, Smith V. Prevalence
of and risk factors associated with sexual health issues in
primiparous women at 6 and 12 months postpartum; a
longitudinal prospective cohort study (the MAMMI study). BMC
Pregnancy Childbirth 2018;18:196.
32. Amiri FN, Omidvar S, Bakhtiari A, Hajiahmadi M. Female sexual
outcomes in primiparous women after vaginal delivery and
cesarean section. Afr Health Sci 2017;17:623‑31.
33. Yeniel AO, Petri E. Pregnancy childbirth and sexual function
perceptions and facts. Int Urogynecol J 2014;25:5‑14.
34. Banaei M, Alidost F, Ghasemi E, Dashti S. A comparison of
sexual function in primiparous and multiparous women. J Obstet
Gynaecol 2019 Sep 19:1‑8.