Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Predictors and prevalence of periodontitis among pregnant women of slum areas of Patna, India: An opportunity for oral health promotion

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

. Supriya Singh
. Jazib Nazeer 1
. Revati Singh 2
. Kumari Kavita 3
. Md Asad Iqubal 4
. Rohit Singh 5

1 Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India,

2 Department of Dentistry, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India

3 Department of Dentistry, Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India

4 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India

5 Department of Prosthodontics Crown Bridge and Implantology, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India

Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is abundant documentation in literature that presence of maternal periodontal
infections has been attributed to serious health problem to the mother and the child. Regular evaluation
of any illness burden is required for planning preventive and treatment strategies and fills the existing
health gap. There is a lack of literature about the predictors and prevalence of periodontal diseases
in expectant women in the slum areas of Patna.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a cross‑sectional study conducted on pregnant women of
slum areas of Patna, Bihar, by convenience sampling method. Using a questionnaire, data collection
was carried for demographic and oral hygiene habits information. Periodontal examination was
done using modified community periodontal index criteria (WHO, 2013) by recording bleeding on
probing (BoP),   periodontal pockets (PD) and loss of attachment (LoA). The prevalence of potential
predictors was estimated and bivariate analysis was performed with BoP, PD, and LoA and then to
explore the prevalence of odds ratio (ORs) multivariate logistic regression framework was employed.
The level of significance was kept at P < 0.05.
RESULTS: A higher level of BoP and PD was observed among women who had the habit of
cleaning their teeth once daily a day than those who cleaned their teeth with brush twice a day. Oral
cleanliness (hygiene) frequency established the maximum OR of 2.77 (2.07–3.71) for BoP. Gingival
bleeding robustly was related with PD. Among all multivariate framework of predictors of LoA, BoP,
and PD came as the firmest predictors.
CONCLUSION: Teaching correctly how to maintain oral hygiene and periodic periodontal check‑up
can improvise the general well‑being and adverse pregnancy outcomes can be lessened.

Keywords

Expecting mothers
periodontal disease
predictors
risk factors
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Journal of Education and Health Promotion
Volume 11, Issue 4
May 2021
Pages 1-7

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