Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
2 Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
3 Department of Biostatistics, Modeling of Non Communicable Diseases Research Center, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Most patients with myocardial infarction (MI) suffer from one or more risk factors
such as obesity and overweight, unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity (PA), and high blood pressure.
Individual control of these risk factors by lifestyle modification raises the probability of survival in
these patients; hence, we used a self‑management intervention to assess its effect on the lifestyle
of post‑MI patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This quasi‑experimental study was conducted on 92 hospitalized MI
patients in Hamadan province in 2016. Convenience sampling method was used for selecting the
participants. The patients were selected and assigned to experimental and control groups. The main
parameters (diet, blood pressure, waist circumference, and body mass index [BMI]) were measured
at the baseline and 8 weeks after discharge. Domestic PA was the only parameter measured 8 weeks
after their discharge. A self‑management intervention was adopted for the experimental group. The
data were analyzed using paired and independent‑sample t‑tests with SPSS software version 16.
RESULTS: The comparison of the scores obtained for diet, blood pressure, waist circumference,
and BMI in post‑MI patients revealed no statistically significant difference between the two groups
at the beginning of the study (P > 0.05). Following the intervention, the experimental group had a
significantly higher mean score for diet and domestic PA (walking program from 1st week to 8 weeks),
compared to the control group (P < 0.001); however, the intervention had no significant effect on
BMI, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic pressure (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The findings indicated that the program had an impact on some risk factors. Therefore,
it is recommended to use self‑management support in MI patients during the discharge process to
improve their lifestyle.
Keywords
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