Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Following the COVID‑19 pandemic, the Government of India announced lockdown
from March 25, 2020, which included measures such as social distancing, canceling mass gatherings,
and closure of schools and colleges. Since the present generation of students spends a lot of time
on social media, especially WhatsApp, the utility of the same to discuss the various public health
domains of COVID‑19 through multiple‑choice questions (MCQs) was explored.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This longitudinal study was conducted among 154
participants (undergraduates, interns, postgraduates, and teaching faculty) for 3 months. MCQs on
COVID‑19 were disseminated through WhatsApp status of the investigator, and feedback regarding
the same was taken at the end of 3 months. The activity log was maintained, and the information was
downloaded as a comma‑separated value (CSV) file and exported to MS Excel. Descriptive statistics were
applied. The location of the participants was entered into the Microsoft Excel sheet and converted into
CSV file. The Geographical data were analyzed in the Quantum Geographical information System (QGIS).
RESULTS: Among the 154 study participants, 48% were undergraduates, 10.4% were interns,
30.6% were postgraduates, and 11% were teaching faculty. Eighty‑nine percent of the participants
felt that WhatsApp can be used as a platform for discussing MCQs. 89%, 93%, and 89.6% of the
participants felt that the exercise improved their analytical skills, helped in self‑directed learning, and
improved collaborative learning, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Majority of the participants responded that WhatsApp can be used as a platform
to discuss MCQs and that the exercise helped in collaborative and self‑directed learning.

Keywords

1. Who‑China‑Joint‑Mission‑On‑Covid‑19‑Final‑Report.pdf.
Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default‑source/
coronaviruse/who‑china‑joint‑mission‑on‑covid‑19‑final‑report.
pdf. [Last accessed on 2020 May 15].
2. Bhatnagar T, Murhekar MV, Soneja M, Gupta N, Giri S, Wig N,
et al. Lopinavir/ritonavir combination therapy amongst
symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 patients in India: Protocol
for restricted public health emergency use. Indian J Med Res
2020;151:184‑9.
3. Coronavirus (COVID‑19) Events as they Happen. Available
from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel‑coronavirus‑2019/events‑as‑they‑happen. [Last acessed
on 2020 May 15].
4. Paital B, Das K, Parida SK. Inter nation social lockdown versus
medical care against COVID‑19, a mild environmental insight
with special reference to India. Sci Total Environ 2020;728:138914.
5. Gudi SK, Tiwari KK. Preparedness and lessons learned from
the novel coronavirus disease. Int J Occup Environ Med
2020;11:108‑12.
6. List of College Teaching MBBS | MCI India. Available
from: https://www.mciindia.org/CMS/information‑desk/
for‑students‑to‑study‑in‑india/list‑of‑college‑teaching‑mbbs.
[Last accessed on 2020 May 15].
7. Dhir SK, Verma D, Batta M, Mishra D. E‑Learning in Medical
Education in India. Indian Pediatr 2017;54:871‑7.
8. Coleman E, O’Connor E. The role of WhatsApp® in medical
education; a scoping review and instructional design model. BMC
Med Educ 2019;19:279.
9. Clavier T, Ramen J, Dureuil B, Veber B, Hanouz JL, Dupont H,
et al. Use of the smartphone app whatsapp as an e‑learning method
for medical residents: Multicenter controlled randomized trial.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019;7:e12825.
10. Gon S, Rawekar A. Effectivity of e‑learning through whatsapp as
a learning tool. MVP J Med Sci 2017;4:19‑25.
11. Barhoumi C. The effectiveness of WhatsApp mobile learning
activities guided by activity theory on students’ knowledge
management. Contemp Educ Technol 2015;6:221‑38.
12. Roy H, Ray K. “WhatsApp” A supplementary teaching method
in anatomy for first year medical students and students’ reflection
on it. Int J Sci Res 2019;8 (7).
13. Glad Mohesh MI, Meerasa SS. Perceptions on M‑learning through
WhatsApp application. J Educ Technol Health Sci 2016;3:57‑60.
14. Latif MZ, Hussain I, Saeed R, Qureshi MA, Maqsood U.
Use of smart phones and social media in medical education:
Trends, advantages, challenges and barriers. Acta Inform Med
2019;27:133‑8.
15. ZulfikarI, Zaheer F, Baloch Q, Ahmed F. The new face of learning:
Social media innovating medical education. Int J Educ Psychol
Res 2018;4:1‑5.
16. Oyewole BK, Animasahun VJ, Chapman HJ. A survey on the
effectiveness of WhatsApp for teaching doctors preparing for a
licensing exam. PLoS One 2020;15:e0231148.
17. Indu M, Kandhol S, Cherian LM. Digital learning: WhatsApp as a
teaching aid in oral pathology for undergraduates. Indian J Dent
Sci 2018;10:160‑3.