Document Type : Original Article
Authors
- . Ariarathinam Newtonraj
- . Anil Jacob Purty
- . Antony Vincent
- . Mani Manikandan
- . Joy Bazroy
- . Rajesh Kumar Konduru
- . Murugan Natesan
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Developed countries have strong health and demographic surveillance
system (HDSS), whereas there is a dearth of such system in developing countries like India. India
depends on national surveys and individual studies for public health information. At present All India
Institute of Medical Sciences – New Delhi HDSS and Vadu HDSS are well established HDSS in India.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed a HDSS in a remote rural area of South India and
named as Community Health Information Management System (CHIMS) This covered 20 villages
around Rural Health Training Centre – Chunampet. We collected the family and demographic
information from March 2018 to October 2018. Pregnancy, birth, under‑five and mortality data were
collected once in every 3 months with the help of interns, Medical Social Workers. Data collection
done using CHIMS Guide and entered in EpiData software. EpiAnalysis, Quantum Geographic
Information System, Dropbox were the other freely available software used in this program.
RESULTS: CHIMS HDSS covered 14924 individuals belonging to 4486 households in the surrounding
twenty villages. Population density was 213/km2
. CHIMS consumed very limited resources in terms
of workforce, materials, and transport. CHIMS database was used as a baseline database for many
other studies. This CHIMS HDSS helped in many publications, postgraduate thesis dissertations
and mainly attracted many extramural research funds from leading government Research Institutes
from India.
CONCLUSION: CHIMS proved to be a robust surveillance system in providing vital public health
information about the community and attracted more extramural funds to the institute.
Keywords
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Status of coverage of MR vaccination, after supplementary
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A rapid immunization coverage survey. Rural Remote Health
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36. Newtonraj A, Vincent A, Gowtham PJ, Haritha S, Ilaveyini S.
Level of insufficient physical activity among adults in a rural area
of South India: A population‑based cross‑sectional study. J Curr
Res Sci Med 2019;5:105.
37. Newtonraj A, Selvaraj K, Purty AJ, Nanda SK, Arokiaraj MC,
Vincent A, et al. Feasibility and outcome of community‑based
screening for cardiovascular disease risk factors in a remote rural
area of South India: The Chunampet rural‑Cardiovascular health
assessment and management program. Indian J Endocrinol Metab
2019;23:628‑34.
38. Konduru R, Newtonraj A, Arun S, Velavan A, Singh Z. Oral
cancer awareness of the general public in coastal village areas of
Tamilnadu, India: A population based cross sectional study. Int
J Community Med Public Heal 2016;3:1932‑9.
community health information profile (MassCHIP): Developing
an online data query system to target a variety of user needs and
capabilities. J Public Health Manag Pract 2006;12:155‑60.
2. MoehrJR, McDaniel JG. Adoption of security and confidentiality
features in an operational community health information network:
the Comox Valley experience‑case example. Int J Med Inform
1998;49:81‑7.
3. Kenyon A. The college of physicians of Philadelphia’s regional
community health information system project. Natl Netw
2003;27:10‑1.
4. CassarinoM. It takes a community. Health information technology
systems are good for community health centers. Healthc Inform
2006;23:54.
5. Gamache R, Stevens KC, Merriwether R, Dixon BE, Grannis S.
Development and assessment of a public health alert delivered
through a community health information exchange. Online J
Public Health Inform 2010;2:1‑13.
6. Zhao J, ZhangZ, Guo H, LiY, XueW, Ren L, et al. E‑health‑oriented
community health information system in china: our challenges,
solution, and experience. Telemed J E Health 2011;17:584‑8.
7. Morrissey J. Hospitals show interest in Cleveland
CHIN (community health information network). Mod Healthc
1995;25:28, 30.
8. Weaver C. CHINs (community health information networks):
Infrastructure for the future. Trustee 1993;46:12‑3.
9. Garets DE, Juntunen C. Planning a community health information
network: An interview with David E. Garets and Cheryl
Juntunen. Interview by Maggie Kennedy. Jt Comm J Qual Improv
1994;20:651‑6.
10. Sargolzaie N, Sargazi S, Lotfi G. Concept mapping as a tool to
improve medical student’s learning about rabies surveillance.
Educ Health Promot 2019;8:132.
11. Shanbehzadeh M, Kazemi‑Arpanahi H, Mazhab‑Jafari K,
Haghiri H. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) surveillance
system: Development of COVID‑19 minimum data set and
interoperable reporting framework. J Educ Health Promot
2020;9:203.
12. Shanbehzadeh M, Kazemi‑Arpanahi H, Arzani‑Birgani A,
Karimyan A, Mobasheri F. Improving hypertension surveillance
from a data management prospective: Data requirements for
implementation of population‑based registry. Educ Health
Promot 2020;9:134.
13. International Institute of Population Sciences Mumbai I. National
Family Health Survery 2015‑16; 2017. Available from: http://
rchiips.org/nfhs/pdf/NFHS4/TN_FactSheet.pdf. [Last accessed
on 2019 Aug 26].
14. Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner I. SRS
Statistical Report; 2017. Available from: http://www.censusindia.
gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Reports_2017.html. [Last accessed on
2019 Sep 14].
15. Kant S, Misra P, Gupta S, Goswami K, Krishnan A, Nongkynrih B,
et al. The Ballabgarh health and demographic surveillance
system (CRHSP‑AIIMS). Int J Epidemiol 2013;42:758‑68.
16. Patil R, Roy S, Ingole V, Bhattacharjee T, Chaudhary B, Lele P,
et al. Profile: Vadu health and demographic surveillance system
Pune, India. J Glob Health 2019;9:01‑10.
17. Tripathy JP, Kumar AM, Guillerm N, Berger SD, Bissell K, Reid A,
et al. Does the structured operational research and training
initiative (SORT IT) continue to influence health policy and/or
practice? Glob Health Action 2018;11:01‑08.
18. Guillerm N, Tayler‑Smith K, Dar Berger S, Bissell K, Kumar AM,
Ramsay A, et al. Research output after participants complete a
structured operational research and training (SORT IT) course.
Public Health Action 2015;5:266‑8.
19. ZachariahR, Rust S, Berger SD, Guillerm N, Bissell K, Delaunois P,
et al. Building global capacity for conducting operational
research using the SORT IT model: Where and who? PLoS One
2016;11:e0160837.
20. Ahmed SM, Hossain A, Khan MA, Mridha MK, Alam A,
Choudhury N, et al. Using formative research to develop MNCH
programme in urban slums in Bangladesh: experiences from
MANOSHI, BRAC. BMC Public Health 2010;10:663.
21. Dropbox Inc. Dropbox; 2020. Available from: http://www.
dropbox.com. [Last accessed on 2020 Apr 23].
22. Epidata Association. Epidata Software; 2014. Available from:
https://www.epidata.dk/about.htm#about. [Last accessed on
2019 Aug 08].
23. Centre for Genomic Pathogen Surveillance. Epicollect 5; 2020.
Available from: https://five.epicollect.net/#. [Last accessed on
2020 Apr 23].
24. QGIS Group. QGIS The Leading Opensource Desktop GIS; 2019.
Available from: https://qgis.org/en/site/[Last accessed on 2019
Aug 08].
25. IBM Corporation. IBM SPSS Statistics, India; 1989.
Available from: https://www.ibm.com/in‑en/analytics/
spss‑statistics‑software. [Last accessed on 2019 Oct 01].
26. Stata Corp LLC. Stata Data Analysis and Statistical Software.
Available from: https://www.stata.com/company/. [Last
accessed on 2020 Mar 10].
27. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner I.
Census Info India 2011. Available from: http://censusindia.gov.
in/. [Last accessed on 2018 Oct 31].
28. Bhansali A, Dhandania VK, Deepa M, Anjana RM, Joshi SR,
Joshi PP, et al. Prevalence of and risk factors for hypertension
in urban and rural India: The ICMR‑INDIAB study. J Hum
Hypertens 2015;29:204‑9.
29. Anjana RM, Pradeepa R, Deepa M, Datta M, Sudha V,Unnikrishnan R, et al. Prevalence of diabetes and
prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose
tolerance) in urban and rural India: phase I results of the Indian
Council of Medical Research‑INdia DIABetes (ICMR‑INDIAB)
study. Diabetologia 2011;54:3022‑7.
30. World Health Organization. Global Adult Tobacco
Survey (GATS) 2016‑17. World Health Organization. Available fr
om: https://www.who.int/tobacco/surveillance/survey/gats/
GATS_India_2016‑17_FactSheet.pdf.[Last accessed on 2020 Apr 25].
31. Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation Ministry of Jal
Shakti. Swatchh Bharat Mission Gramin (All India). Available
from: https://sbm.gov.in/sbmReport/home.aspx. [Last accessed
on 2020 Apr 25].
32. Ministry of Rural Development Goverment of India. Pradhan
mantri Awaas Yojana – Gramin. Available from: https://pmayg.
nic.in/netiay/home.aspx. [Last accessed on 2020 Apr 25].
33. Vincent A, Keerthana K, Damotharan K, Newtonraj A, Bazroy J,
Manikandan M. Health care seeking behaviour of women
during pregnancy in rural South India: A qualitative study. Int J
Community Med Public Heal 2017;4:3636‑9.
34. Newtonraj A, Arun S, Bazroy J, Tovia S. Lay perspectives on
causes and complications of hypertension; and barrier to access
health care by known hypertensive patients: A qualitative study
from a rural area of South India. Int J Community Med Public
Heal 2017;4:704‑7.
35. Newtonraj A, Vincent A, Selvaraj K, Manikandan M.
Status of coverage of MR vaccination, after supplementary
immunization activities in a rural area of South India:
A rapid immunization coverage survey. Rural Remote Health
2019;19:5261.
36. Newtonraj A, Vincent A, Gowtham PJ, Haritha S, Ilaveyini S.
Level of insufficient physical activity among adults in a rural area
of South India: A population‑based cross‑sectional study. J Curr
Res Sci Med 2019;5:105.
37. Newtonraj A, Selvaraj K, Purty AJ, Nanda SK, Arokiaraj MC,
Vincent A, et al. Feasibility and outcome of community‑based
screening for cardiovascular disease risk factors in a remote rural
area of South India: The Chunampet rural‑Cardiovascular health
assessment and management program. Indian J Endocrinol Metab
2019;23:628‑34.
38. Konduru R, Newtonraj A, Arun S, Velavan A, Singh Z. Oral
cancer awareness of the general public in coastal village areas of
Tamilnadu, India: A population based cross sectional study. Int
J Community Med Public Heal 2016;3:1932‑9.
)