Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: Maternal and perinatal outcome

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

. Neha Agarwal
. Ruchika Garg
. Saroj Singh
. Arti Agrawal

Department of Microbiology, SN Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Since the advent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) infection, there is
debate whether pregnancy outcome in COVID‑19 is more severe as compared to general population.
Pregnant population is particularly susceptible to viral infections due to altered immune response.
H1N1 infection and Zika virus infection led to unfavorable maternal and fetal outcomes.SARS during
pregnancy has been linked previously with high risk of spontaneous abortions, preterm births and
intrauterine growth restriction. The effects of this novel virus need to be studied.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a single‑center descriptive prospective observational study
of 65 pregnant women with reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction confirmed COVID‑19
infection, regardless of gestational age at diagnosis, admitted from April 15 to June 30, 2020, at the
COVID hospital in SN Medical college a tertiary center of Agra in North India. Maternal and perinatal
outcomes were studied. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software for windows. Continuous
variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical variables were expressed as
numbers and percentages.
RESULTS: Majority 88.4% of the women were asymptomatic. Rest had mild illness only. Majority
94.23% were third‑trimester pregnancies; preterm birth was not reported in any singleton pregnancy.
Majority 85% were delivered by cesarean section done for obstetric indications.Maternal outcome of
all patients was favourable, and only two women who had moderate pneumonia recovered. Maternal
mortality was reported in only 1 case. All neonates were negative for COVID‑19. Neonatal outcome
was favorable.
CONCLUSION: COVID‑19 in pregnancy led to mild symptoms only.Infection in the third trimester
did not led to adverse obstetric outcome including preterm labor and premature membrane rupture.
SARSCoV2 infection in pregnancy did not increase the risk of maternal mortality. Vertical transmission
of COVID‑19 was not found in neonates .The maternal, neonatal, and perinatal outcomes of
COVID‑19 patients infected in late pregnancy were favorable.

Keywords

Coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy
maternal and fetal outcomes
perinatal outcome
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019
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Journal of Education and Health Promotion
Volume 11, Issue 4
May 2021
Pages 1-6

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