Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Development and validation of a scale to measure attitude of people toward men in nursing profession

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

. Sharma K. Sharma 1
. Shiv Kumar Mudgal 2

1 College of Nursing, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

2 Akal College of Nursing, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, India

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ancient history mentions the dominance of men in nursing; however, now nursing
has a feminine image, and globally more than 90% of nursing workforce is females. Recently, more
number of males are attracted to nursing, but there is a paucity of literature on the attitude of people
about men in nursing may be because of a lack of measurement scales available for this purpose.
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a new scale measuring attitude of people toward
men in nursing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital and used
an exploratory sequential design with an instrument development model. A total of 400 participants
were selected using the simple random sampling technique. The reliability, content validity, face
validity, and construct validity of this newly developed scale were computed. For data analyses SPSS
AMOS version 23 was used for performing exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.
RESULTS: The new scale “AMnQ” consists of 15 items under three factors: (I) nursing is feministic
and professionally low, (II) higher suitability of male nurses in technical and challenging situations,
and (III) synonymy of empathy and care with a female. The final model with 15 items of AMnQ scale
was validated by confirmatory factor analysis and showed a good fit to data. The Cronbach’s α for
the overall scale was 0.87, and for Factors I, II, and III, it was 0.80, 0.88, and 0.89, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: The “AMnQ” is a valid, reliable scale to assess the attitude of patients, nurses,
physicians, and nursing students toward men in nursing. There is an assumption that nursing is a
feminine profession; therefore, a valid and reliable scale to measure the attitude of people toward
men in nursing will help to generate pieces of evidence on this subject, so that policymakers can
make unbiased decisions on liberalizing entry of men in nursing.

Keywords

Attitude scale
men in nursing
reliability and validity
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Journal of Education and Health Promotion
Volume 11, Issue 2
February 2021
Pages 1-7

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