Authors
1 Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
2 Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
Background: Self‑efficacy is the most influential among factors affecting nurses’ performance.
Yet, understanding of the constituent elements of the caring self‑efficacy concept was not
considered. This study was to introduce altruism as one of the main aspects of caring
self‑efficacy in pediatric nurses. Materials and Methods: This is part of a larger study on the
concept of caring self‑efficacy conducted with qualitative content analysis approach in Iran.
Participants included 27 clinical pediatric nurses and instructors, selected purposively. Data were
collected using semi‑structured interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis
method. Results: Theme “altruism” as one of the main themes extracted from the analysis of
the interviews in this study. This theme includes two main categories of “humanistic care” and
“caring attitude.” Conclusions: This paper introduces altruism as one of the values aspects of
caring self‑efficacy in pediatric nurses. Efficient nurse with features Humanistic care, through
the provision of maternal care and family‑centered care and caring attitudes resulting from
religious beliefs and loving children to care for the children.
Keywords
Nursing Forum. Wiley Online Library. 2009;44(2):93‑102.
2. Bandura A. Guide for constructing self‑efficacy scales. Self‑efficacy
Beliefs of Adolescents. Vol. 5.Information Age publishing 2006.
p. 307‑37.
3. Washington OG, Moxley DP. Self‑efficacy as a unifying construct
in nursing‑social work collaboration with vulnerable populations.
Nurs Inq 2013;20:42‑50.
4. Melnikov S, Shor R, Kigli‑Shemesh R, Gun Usishkin M, Kagan I.
Closing an open psychiatric ward: Organizational change and
its effect on staff uncertainty, self‑efficacy, and professional
functioning. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2013;49:103‑9.
5. Lee PY, Dunne MP, Chou FH, Fraser JA. Development of the child
abuse and neglect reporting self‑efficacy questionnaire for nurses.
Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2012;28:44‑53.
6. Manojlovich M. Promoting nurses’ self‑efficacy: A leadership
strategy to improve practice. J Nurs Adm 2005;35:271‑8.
7. Lee TW, Ko YK. Effects of self‑efficacy, affectivity and collective
efficacy on nursing performance of hospital nurses. J Adv Nurs
2010;66:839‑48.
8. Karabacak Ü, Serbest S, Kan Öntürk Z, Eti Aslan F, Olgun N.
Relationship between student nurses’ self‑efficacy and psychomotor
skills competence. Int J Nurs Pract 2013;19:124‑30.
9. Lauder W, Watson R, Topping K, Holland K, Johnson M, Porter M,
et al. An evaluation of fitness for practice curricula: Self‑efficacy,
support and self‑reported competence in preregistration student
nurses and midwives. J Clin Nurs 2008;17:1858‑67.
10. Robb M. Self‑efficacy with application to nursing education: A
concept analysis. Nurs Forum 2012;47:166‑72.
11. Cimiotti JP, Barton SJ, Chavanu Gorman KE, Sloane DM, Aiken LH.
Nurse reports on resource adequacy in hospitals that care for acutely
ill children. J Healthc Qual 2014;36:25‑32.
12. Desbiens JF, Gagnon J, Fillion L. Development of a shared theory
in palliative care to enhance nursing competence. J Adv Nurs
2012;68:2113‑24.
13. Papastavrou E, Efstathiou G, Charalambous A. Nurses’ and patients’
perceptions of caring behaviours: Quantitative systematic review
of comparative studies. J Adv Nurs 2011;67:1191‑205.
14. Livesley J, Long T. Children’s experiences as hospital in‑patients:
Voice, competence and work. Messages for nursing from a critical
ethnographic study. Int J Nurs Stud 2013;50:1292‑303.
15. Bell JA, Schroder TG, Morris CF. A pediatric resource nurse program
for nonpediatric nurses. J Nurses Staff Dev 2012;28:288‑91.
16. Graneheim UH, Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in
nursing research: Concepts, procedures and measures to achieve
trustworthiness. Nurse Educ Today 2004;24:105‑12.
17. Hsieh HF, Shannon SE. Three approaches to qualitative content
analysis. Qual Health Res 2005;15:1277‑88.
18. Polit D, Moule P, Ellis P, Polit D, Burns N, Moule P, et al. Essentials
of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice.
Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2014. p. 2014.
19. Lillis C, LeMone P, LeBon M, Lynn P. Study Guide for
Fundamentals of Nursing: The Art and Science of Nursing Care.
Philadelphia: Wolters kluwre, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010.
20. Swank JM, Ohrt JH, Robinson EM. A qualitative exploration of
counseling students’ perception of altruism. J Humanist Couns
2013;52:23‑38.
21. Mimura C, Griffiths P, Norman I. What motivates people to enter
professional nursing? Int J Nurs Stud 2009;46:603‑5.
22. Rhodes MK, Morris AH, Lazenby RB. Nursing at its best: Competent
and caring. Online J Issues Nurs 2011;16:10.
23. Smith R, Lagarde M, Blaauw D, Goodman C, English M, Mullei K,
et al. Appealing to altruism: An alternative strategy to address the
health workforce crisis in developing countries? J Public Health (Oxf)
2013;35:164‑70.
24. Fahrenwald NL, Bassett SD, Tschetter L, Carson PP, White L,
Winterboer VJ. Teaching core nursing values. J Prof Nurs
2005;21:46‑51.
25. Alligood MR, Marriner‑Tomey A. Nursing Theorists and Their Work
St.louis. Missouri: Mosby/Elsevier; 2010.
26. Hockenberry MJ, Wilson D. Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and
Children. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2011.
27. Kyle T, Carman S. Essentials of Pediatric Nursing. Philadelphia:
Wolters kluwre, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013.
28. Abbaszadeh A, Salmani N, Rassouli M. Perceptions of mothers from
barriers of nursing care satisfaction: A qualitative research. J Qual
Res Health Sci 2014;3:51‑61.
29. Morsy AA. Nursing support and stress among mothers of
hospitalized children. J Am Sci 2012;8 Suppl 1:135‑141.
30. Taylor EJ, Carr MF. Nursing ethics in the seventh‑day adventist
religious tradition. Nurs Ethics 2009;16:707‑18.
31. Ravari A, Vanaki Z, Houmann H, Kazemnejad A. Spiritual job
satisfaction in an Iranian nursing context. Nurs Ethics 2009;16:19‑30.
32. Abbasianfard M, Bahrami H, Ahghar G. Relationship between
self‑efficacy with achievement motivation in pre‑university girl
students. J Appl Psychol 2010;4:95‑109.
33. Rezapour Mirsaleh Y, Khabaz M, Safi M, Abdi K, Yavari M,
Behjati Z. The relationship of religiosity, personality dimensions
and self‑efficacy with coping style of nurses practitioner students.
Iran J Nurs Res 2011; 6(22) 52‑64.
)