Authors
1 Department of HSE, Mobin Petrochemical Company, South Pars
2 Department of Statistics and Mathematics, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic azad University, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Handicrafts seems to be one of the high‑risk jobs regarding work‑related
musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) which necessitate the implementation of different
corrective intervention like regular physical activities. This study aimed to investigate the
impact of physical activity on WMSDs among craftsmen. Methods: This cross‑sectional study
was an analytical – descriptive study carried out on 100 craftsmen working in Isfahan, Iran,
in 2013. The sampling method was census, and all workshops involved with this job were
included. Information on demographic parameters and physical activity was collected by
demographic forms. The data related to worker’s musculoskeletal discomforts were conducted
using Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using
statistical tests including independent t‑test, Chi‑square, and ANOVA. The statistical analysis
was performed using SPSS 18. Results: The highest percentages of complaints related to
severe musculoskeletal discomfort were reported in right shoulder (%36), right wrist (%26),
neck (%25), and upper right arm (%24), respectively. A significant relationship was observed
between physical activity and musculoskeletal discomforts of left wrist (P = 0.012), lower
back (P = 0.016), and neck (P = 0.006). Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the study
results, it can be inferred that regular but not too heavy physical activity can have a positive
impact on decreasing the musculoskeletal discomforts.
Keywords
Jordan A. Low back pain rating scale: Validation of a tool for
assessment of low back pain. Pain 1994;57:317‑26.
2. Naumanen P. The health promotion of aging workers from the
perspective of occupational health professionals. Public Health
Nurs 2006;23:37‑45.
3. Zoer I, Ruitenburg MM, Botje D, Frings‑Dresen MH, Sluiter JK.
The associations between psychosocial workload and mental health
complaints in different age groups. Ergonomics 2011;54:943‑52.
4. Ihlebaek C, Eriksen HR, Ursin H. Prevalence of subjective health
complaints (SHC) in Norway. Scand J Public Health 2002;30:20‑9.
5. Waehrer GM, Dong XS, Miller T, Haile E, Men Y. Costs of
occupational injuries in construction in the United States. Accid
Anal Prev 2007;39:1258‑66.
6. Marras WS, Davis KG, Kirking BC, Bertsche PK. A comprehensive
analysis of low‑back disorder risk and spinal loading during the
transferring and repositioning of patients using different techniques.
Ergonomics. 1999;42(7):904‑26.
7. Buckle PW, Devereux JJ. The nature of work‑related neck and
upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Appl Ergon 2002;33:207‑178. Morken T, Mehlum IS, Moen BE. Work‑related musculoskeletal
disorders in Norway’s offshore petroleum industry. Occup
Med (Lond) 2007;57:112‑7.
9. Punnett L, Wegman DH. Work‑related musculoskeletal disorders:
The epidemiologic evidence and the debate. J Electromyogr
Kinesiol 2004;14:13‑23.
10. Seefeldt V, Malina RM, Clark MA. Factors affecting levels of
physical activity in adults. Sports Med 2002;32:143‑68.
11. Dunn AL, Andersen RE, Jakicic JM. Lifestyle physical activity
interventions. History, short‑ and long‑term effects, and
recommendations. Am J Prev Med 1998;15:398‑412.
12. Burton AK, Balagué F, Cardon G, Eriksen HR, Henrotin Y, Lahad A,
et al. How to prevent low back pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol
2005;19:541‑55.
13. Warburton DE, Nicol CW, Bredin SS. Prescribing exercise as
preventive therapy. CMAJ 2006;174:961‑74.
14. Haskell WL, Lee IM, Pate RR, Powell KE, Blair SN, Franklin BA,
et al. Physical activity and public health: Updated recommendation
for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the
American Heart Association. Circulation 2007;116:1081‑93.
15. McKhann G, Drachman D, Folstein M, Katzman R, Price D,
Stadlan EM. Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease: Report of
the NINCDS‑ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department
of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer’s disease.
Neurology 1984;34:939‑44.
16. Proper KI, Koning M, van der Beek AJ, Hildebrandt VH,
Bosscher RJ, van Mechelen W. The effectiveness of worksite
physical activity programs on physical activity, physical fitness,
and health. Clin J Sport Med 2003;13:106‑17.
17. Cagnie B, Danneels L, Van Tiggelen D, De Loose V, Cambier D.
Individual and work related risk factors for neck pain among office
workers: A cross sectional study. Eur Spine J 2007;16:679‑86.
18. Steenstra I, Verbeek J, Heymans M, Bongers P. Prognostic factors
for duration of sick leave in patients sick listed with acute low back
pain: A systematic review of the literature. Occup Environ Med
2005;62:851‑60.
19. Vuori IM. Dose‑response of physical activity and low back
pain, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc
2001;33:S551‑86.
20. van den Heuvel SG, Heinrich J, Jans MP, van der Beek AJ,
Bongers PM. The effect of physical activity in leisure time on neck
and upper limb symptoms. Prev Med 2005;41:260‑7.
21. Brukner PD, Crossley KM, Morris H, Bartold SJ, Elliott B. 5. Recent
advances in sports medicine. Med J Aust 2006;184:188‑93.
22. Fuller CW, Ekstrand J, Junge A, Andersen TE, Bahr R, Dvorak J,
et al. Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection
procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries. Scand J Med Sci
Sports 2006;16:83‑92.
23. Morken T, Riise T, Moen B, Hauge SH, Holien S, Langedrag A,
et al. Low back pain and widespread pain predict sickness absence
among industrial workers. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2003;4:21.
24. Larsson B, Søgaard K, Rosendal L. Work related neck‑shoulder pain:
A review on magnitude, risk factors, biochemical characteristics,
clinical picture and preventive interventions. Best Pract Res Clin
Rheumatol 2007;21:447‑63.
25. DurlovS, ChakrabartyS, ChatterjeeA, DasT, DevS, GangopadhyayS,
et al. Prevalence of low back pain among handloom weavers
in West Bengal, India. International journal of occupational and
environmental health. 2014;20(4):333‑9.
26. Motamedzade M, Choobineh A, Mououdi MA, Arghami S.
Ergonomic design of carpet weaving hand tools. Int J Ind Ergon
2007;37:581‑7.
27. Byström JU, Hansson GA, Rylander L, Ohlsson K, Källrot G,
Skerfving S. Physical workload on neck and upper limb using two
CAD applications. Appl Ergon 2002;33:63‑74.
28. Meena M, Dangayach G, Bhardwaj A. Occupational risk factor of
workers in the handicraft industry: A short review. Int J Res Eng
Technol 2012;1:194‑6.
29. Afifehzadeh‑Kashani H, Choobineh A, Bakand S, Gohari M,
Abbastabar H, Moshtaghi P. Validity and reliability farsi version
Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ). Iran
Occup Health 2011;7:1‑10.
30. Palmer KT. Regional musculoskeletal conditions: Pain in
the forearm, wrist and hand. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol
2003;17:113‑35.
31. Kruczynski J, Jaszczur Nowicki J, Topolinski T, Srokowski G,
Manko G, Chantsoulis M, et al. Radiological and biomechanical
analysis of humeral fractures occurring during arm wrestling. Med
Sci Monit 2012;18:CR303‑7.
32. Almeida SA, Williams KM, Shaffer RA, Brodine SK. Epidemiological
patterns of musculoskeletal injuries and physical training. Med Sci
Sports Exerc 1999;31:1176‑82.
33. Heir T. Musculoskeletal injuries in officer training: One‑year
follow‑up. Mil Med 1998;163:229‑33.
)