Authors

1 PhD Scholar, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte Usha Institute of Nursing Sciences (NUINS), Mangalore, Karnataka

2 Department of OBG Nursing, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte Usha Institute of Nursing Sciences (NUINS), Mangalore, Karnataka, India

3 Department of OBG, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be) University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

4 HOD, Department of Community Health Nursing, Nitte Usha Institute of Nursing Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

5 HOD, Department of Mental Health Nursing, Nitte Usha Institute of Nursing Sciences, Mangalore,

Abstract

Relaxation therapy (RT) is considered to be helpful in the management of symptoms of premenstrual
syndrome (PMS). This systematic review (SR) was conducted to find the impact of RT on PMS
management, which could be utilized in clinical and community populations. Five major databases
like Google Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate, Scopus, and Web of Science were used as search
engines. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist is used to analyze the quality of articles selected
for this review. Only 35 different studies among 71 relevant articles which focused on the topic
were selected for this SR. All of the 35 different trials reported that the selected RTs, namely Laura
Mitchell, Jacobson, Benson, relaxation unnamed, yoga, aerobic exercise, and massage, significantly
decreased PMS. The outcome of this SR suggests that the selected seven RTs effectively relieve
PMS and ensure a productive life for all reproductive women.

Keywords

1. Speroff L, Fritz MA, editors. Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology
and Infertility. New York. Lippincott Williams &Wilkins; 2005.
2. Venkatesan L, Annapoorani B. Effectiveness of progressive muscle
relaxation technique on premenstrual symptoms among the hostel
students. Int J Recent Sci Res 2016;8:12990‑2.
3. Ferreira RL, Kulkarni N. Effect of relaxation techniques on fatigue
and headaches in premenstrual syndrome. Int J Yoga Physiother
Phys Educ 2019;3:37‑43.
4. Relaxation techniques: Try these steps to reduce stress. Mayo Clinic.
Available from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy‑lifestyle/
stress‑management/in‑depth/relaxation‑technique/
art‑20045368. [Last accessed on 2021 Mar 21].
5. Tawfik GM, Dila KA, Mohamed MY, Tam DN, Kien ND,
Ahmed AM, et al. A step‑by‑step guide for conducting a
systematic review and meta‑analysis with simulation data. Trop
Med Health 2019;47:1‑9.
6. Ganesh B, Chodankar A, Parvatkar B. Comparative study of Laura
Mitchell’s physiological relaxation technique versus Jacobson’s
progressive relaxation technique on severity of pain and quality
of life in primary dysmenorrhea: Randomized clinical trial. J Med
Sci Clin Res 2017;5:25379‑87.
7. Mohamed E, Ewidea M. Efficacy of laser acupuncture with
Mitchell’s simple physiological relaxation technique in alleviating
premenstrual tension. Adv Sci J 2015;2:65‑72.
8. Nithyanisha R, Ashwini S, Mary SM, Kirupa K, Lochani VP.
Efficacy of aerobic exercise and relaxation training in premenstrual
symptoms in collegiates. Drug Invent Today 2019;11:391‑95.
9. Gayathri MS. A study to assess the effectiveness of Jacobson
muscle relaxation therapy on premenstrual syndrome among
adolescent girls in CSI girls Higher Secondary school at
Madurai (Doctoral dissertation, CSI Jeyaraj Annapackiam College
of Nursing, Madurai). 2018.
10. Sonia VR. Effectiveness of Jacobson progressive muscle relaxation
exercise on premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls in
selected School at Coimbatore (Doctoral dissertation, Annai
Meenakshi College of Nursing, Coimbatore). 2011.
11. Jasuja VV, Makwana J, Thomas E. Effect of PMR on somatic and
psychological symptoms of premenstrual syndrome. Depression
2014;5:16‑7.
12. Thirupathi S. Effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation
therapy in reducing the affective symptoms in premenstrual
syndrome among the young adult girls. Indian J Contin Nurs
Educ 2017;18:92.
13. Sudhadevi M, Prabavathi S, Aruna E. Effectiveness of Jacobson’s
progressive muscle relaxation exercises on premenstrual
syndrome among students at selected School, erode, Tamil Nadu.
Asian Pac J Nurs 2018;5:1‑3.
14. Jebakani DV. A study to assess the effectiveness of progressive
muscle relaxation on premenstrual syndrome among the students
of selected colleges of Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai. Int
J Sci Res 2019;8 1666‑1671.
15. Chaturvedi, Rangaswamy K. Management of premenstrual
syndrome of college students using comprehensive psychotherapy.
J Psychol Res 2017;60:63‑8.
16. Kimiyaee Asadi F, Jadidian AA, Aslani J. The effect of relaxation
and positive self‑talk on symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Avicenna J Neuro Psycho Physiol 2016;3:48‑53.
17. BS M, Jose A. A study to assess the effect of Jacobson’s relaxation
technique on premenstrual syndrome among late adolescent girls
in a selected school of nursing, Kollam 2021. Indian J Appl Res
2021;11. doi: 10.36106/ijar.
18. Mahmoudi F. Comparison effectiveness of cognitive‑behavioural
therapy and relaxation technique on curing premenstrual
syndrome. Glob J Guid Counsel Sch 8:110‑8. doi: 10.18844/gjgc.
v8i3.3931.
19. Olia JB, Zinalpoor S, Sakhaei S, Sadagheyani HE, Motaarefi H.
The influence of benson relaxation on oxidative stress marker of
premenstrual syndrome in students of Khoy University of Medical
Sciences. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019;7:4149‑54.
20. Dewi LC. The effects of benson meditation to reduce anxiety
level of adolescent female with premenstrual syndrome.
1st International Nursing Conference Complementary Nursing
Issue and Updates in 2015, p. 42‑7.
21. Khalatbari J, Salimynezhad S. The effect of relaxation on
premenstrual syndrome in dormitory students of Azad Tonekabon
University of Iran. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 2013;84:1580‑4.
22. Hasani N, Kazemi M, Afshar HK, Kazemi M, Tavakoli M.
Comparison of the effects of relaxation and vitamin B6 on
emotional and physical symptoms in premenstrual syndrome.
Evid Based Care J 2015;5:75‑83.
23. Kamalifard M, Yavari A, Asghari‑Jafarabadi M, Ghaffarilaleh G,
Kasb‑Khah A. The effect of Yoga on women’s premenstrual
syndrome: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Int J Women’s
Health Reprod Sci 2017;5:205‑11.
24. Wu WL, Lin TY, Chu IH, Liang JM. The acute effects of Yoga on
cognitive measures for women with premenstrual syndrome.
J Altern Complement Med 2015;21:364‑9.
25. Sharma B, Misra R, Singh K, Archana RS. Comparative study
of effect of anuloma‑viloma (pranayam) and yogic asanas
in premenstrual syndrome. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol
2013;57:384‑9.
26. Kucukkelepce DS, Unver H, Nacar G, Tashan ST. The effects
of acupressure and Yoga for coping with premenstrual
syndromes on premenstrual symptoms and quality of life.
Complement Ther Clin Pract 2021;42:101282. doi: 10.1016/j.
ctcp. 2020.101282.
27. Tsai SY. Effect of yoga exercise on premenstrual symptoms among
female employees in Taiwan. Int J Environ Res Public Health
2016;13:721. doi: 10.3390/ijerph 13070721.
28. Choudhary A, Mishra J. Effect of 16 weeks yogic intervention in
premenstrual syndrome. Int J Pharma Bio Sci 2013;4:B207‑12.
29. Vishnupriya R, Rajarajeswaram P. Effects of aerobic exercise at
different intensities in premenstrual syndrome. J Obstet Gynaecol
India 2011;61:675‑82.
30. Yilmaz‑Akyuz E, Aydin‑Kartal Y. The effect of diet and
aerobic exercise on premenstrual syndrome: Randomized
controlled trial. Revista de Nutrição 2019;32. doi:
10.1590/1678‑9865201932e180246.
31. Tonekaboni M, Peeri M, Azarbayjani M. Effect of two intensity of
aerobic exercise on clinical symptoms of premenstrual syndrome
in fertile women. World Appl Sci J 2012;19:295‑301.
32. Vaghela N, Mishra D, Sheth M, Dani VB. To compare the effects
of aerobic exercise and Yoga on Premenstrual syndrome. J Educ
Health Promot 2019;8:199. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_50_19.
33. Jafarnejad F, Mojahedi M, Shakeri MT, Sardar MA. Effect of
aerobic exercise program on premenstrual syndrome in women
of hot and cold temperaments. J Babol Univ Med Sci 2016;18:54‑60.
34. Azimi H, Sadeghi T. The effect of aerobic and walking exercise on
physical and psychological symptoms and pain of premenstrual
syndrome. Iran J Nurs 2013;25:46‑55.
35. Dehnavi ZM, Jafarnejad F, Goghary SS. The effect of 8 weeks
aerobic exercise on severity of physical symptoms of premenstrual
syndrome: A clinical trial study. BMC Women’s Health
2018;18:1‑7.
36. Valiani M. Comparison the effects of aerobic exercise and
vitamin b6 in severity of symptoms of premenstrual syndrome
in non‑athlete girls. Complement Med J 2013;3:552‑62.
37. Pazoki H, Bolouri G, Farokhi F, Azerbayjani MA. Comparing
the effects of aerobic exercise and Foeniculum vulgare on
premenstrual syndrome. Middle East Fertil Soc J 2016;21:61‑4.
38. Moradi M. Assessment of the effects of massage therapy on
premenstrual syndrome. Zahedan J Res Med Sci 2011;13:e94066.
39. Lotfipur‑Rafsanjani SM, Ravari A, Ghorashi Z, Haji‑Maghsoudi S,
Akbarinasab J, Bekhradi R. Effects of geranium aromatherapy
massage on premenstrual syndrome: A clinical trial. Int J Prev
Med 2018;9:98. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_40_16.
40. Rad M, Sabzevary MT, Dehnavi ZM. Factors associated with
premenstrual syndrome in female high school students. J Educ
Health Promot 2018;7:64. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_126_17.
41. Abootalebi M, Dehghani M, Akbarzadeh M. Implementing of
mental health training programs for promotion of health affected
teenage girls to premenstrual syndrome: Community‑based
study. J Educ Health Promot 2020;9:155. doi: 10.4103/jehp.
jehp_118_20.