Document Type : Original Article
Authors
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Hypertension is one of the major health threats in the world today. The purpose
of this study was to find the relationship between hypertension with irrational health belief and health
locus of controls.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The current work is a descriptive (case–control) study. One hundred
patients with hypertension and 100 healthy individuals were included in the study through available
sampling method. The Irrational Health Belief Scale and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control
questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed using independent t‑test and logistic regression.
RESULTS: The findings showed a significant relationship between the variables of irrational health
beliefs and the external health locus of control in hypertension. For a unit increase in an irrational
health belief score, the chance of having high blood pressure increases by 6%, and for a unit increase
in the score of external health locus of control, there is a 17% higher chance of having hypertension.
The independent t‑test of irrational health belief also showed a statistically significant difference
between the two groups (P < 0.01). There was also a statistically significant difference regarding
the health locus of control in the two groups of hypertension and healthy individuals in the subscale
of chance control (P < 0.01) and external locus of control (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: The results of this study make it necessary to identify irrational health beliefs as
well as the health locus of control in individuals. Modification of these structures can be useful in the
prevention and management of this chronic disease.
Keywords
Study of knowledge, attitude and practice of general population
of Gandhinagar towards hypertension. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl
Sci 2014;3:680‑5.
2. Merai R, Siegel C, Rakotz M, Basch P, Wright J, Wong B, et al. CDC
grand rounds: A public health approach to detect and control
hypertension. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:1261‑4.
3. Chajaee F, Pirzadeh A, Hasanzadeh A, Mostafavi F. Relationship
between health literacy and knowledge among patients with
hypertension in Isfahan province, Iran. Electron Physician
2018;10:6470‑7.
4. LimSS, VosT, FlaxmanAD, DanaeiG, ShibuyaK, Adair‑Rohani H,
et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and
injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21
regions, 1990‑2010: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden
of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012;380:2224‑60.
5. Almas A, Godil SS, Lalani S, Samani ZA, Khan AH. Good
knowledge about hypertension is linked to better control of
hypertension; a multicentre cross sectional study in Karachi,
Pakistan. BMC Res Notes 2012;5:579.
6. Kamran A, Azadbakht L, Sharifirad G, Mahaki B, Mohebi S.
The relationship between blood pressure and the structures of
Pender’s health promotion model in rural hypertensive patients.
J Educ Health Promot 2015;4:29.
7. Khani Jeihooni A, Hidarnia A, Kaveh MH, Hajizadeh E, Askari A.
RETRACTED: The effect of an educational program based on
health belief model and social cognitive theory in prevention of
osteoporosis in women. J Health Psychol 2017;22:NP1‑11.
8. Al‑Noumani H, Wu JR, Barksdale D, Alkhasawneh E, Knafl G,
Sherwood G. Relationship between medication adherence and
health beliefs among patients with hypertension in Oman: Pilot
study. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2017;17:e329‑33.
9. Hoseini H, Maleki F, Moeini M, Sharifirad GR. Investigating the
effect of an education plan based on the health belief model on
the physical activity of women who are at risk for hypertension.
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2014;19:647‑52.
10. Stanculete MF, Matu S, Pojoga C, Dumitrascu DL. Coping
strategies and irrational beliefs as mediators of the health‑related
quality of life impairments in irritable bowel syndrome.
J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2015;24:159‑64.
11. Harris S, Dryden W. An experimental test up a core REBT
hypothesis. J Ration Emot Cogn Behav Ther 2006;24:1.
12. RozanskiA, BlumenthalJA, Davidson KW, SaabPG, KubzanskyL.
The epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of
psychosocial risk factors in cardiac practice: The emerging field
of behavioral cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;45:637‑51.
13. Omeje O, Nebo C. The influence of locus control on adherence to
treatment regimen among hypertensive patients. Patient Prefer
Adherence 2011;5:141‑8.
14. Cassidy T, Hilton S. Family health culture, health locus of control
and health behaviours in older children. J Pediatric Med Care
2017;1:4‑9.
15. Aghamolaei T, Zare S. Quality gap of educational services in
viewpoints of students in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences. BMC Med Educ 2008;8:34.
16. Christensen AJ, Moran PJ, Wiebe JS. Assessment of irrational
health beliefs: Relation to health practices and medical regimen
adherence. Health Psychol 1999;18:169‑76.
17. Soltani ShalR, Shameli M, Omidvar M. Psychometric testing of the
Irrational Health Belief scale in medical students. J Mazandaran
Univ Med Sci 2017;27:117‑31.
18. Wallston KA, Wallston BS, DeVellis R. Development of the
Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) scales. Health
Educ Monogr 1978;6:160‑70.
19. Moshki M, Ghofranipour F, Hajizadeh E, Azadfallah P. Validity
and reliability of the multidimensional health locus of control
scale for college students. BMC Public Health 2007;7:295.
20. Hirsch CR, Clark DM, Mathews A, Williams R. Self‑images play
a causal role in social phobia. Behav Res Ther 2003;41:909‑21.
21. Fathabadi J, Izaddost M, Taghavi D, Shalani B, Sadeghi S. The
role of irrational health beliefs, health locus of control and
health‑oriented lifestyle in predicting the risk of diabetes. 2018;
17 (2) 169‑178.
22. Abdullahi B, Abdulrahim E. Empowerment of employee: Golden
key human resource management. 2nd ed. Tehran: Virayesh
Publication; 2006.
23. Maddux JE. Self‑efficacy: The power of believing you can.
In C. R. Snyder and S. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive
psychology: 257‑276. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 2002.
24. Aghmohammadian H, Zarezade Kheibari S, Horouf Ghanad M,
Hokmabadi M. The relationship between perfectionism sexual
function in infertile women. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil
2014;17:9‑17.
25. Kubzansky L, Kawachi I, Weiss S, Sparrow D. Anxiety and
coronary death among women. Am J Epidemiol 2002;135:854‑64.
26. Charlson FJ, Stapelberg NJ, Baxter AJ, Whiteford HA. Should
global burden of disease estimates include depression as a risk
factor for coronary heart disease? BMC Med 2011;9:47.
27. Náfrádi L, Nakamoto K, Schulz PJ. Is patient empowerment the
key to promote adherence? A systematic review of the relationship
between self‑efficacy, health locus of control and medication
adherence. PLoS One 2017;12:e0186458.
28. West LM, Borg Theuma R, Cordina M. Health locus of control: Its
relationship with medication adherence and medication wastage.
Res Social Adm Pharm 2018;14:1015‑9.
29. Mazaheri S, Zarabian MK, Samadi MJ. Assessment of personality
types and locus of control in multiple sclerosis patients. Avicenna
J Clin Med 2008;15:48‑51.
30. Aflakseir AA, Mohammad‑Abadi MS. The role of health locus of
control in predicting depression symptoms in a sample of Iranian
older adults with chronic diseases. Iran J Psychiatry 2016;11:82‑6.
31. Biernacka MA, Jakubowska‑Winecka A. Health locus of control
as a psychological factor in improving treatment results in
adolescents with primary hypertension and diabetes. Health
Psychol Rep 2016;5:20‑9.
32. Taher M, Safavi Bayat Z, Niromand Zandi K, Ghasemi E,
Abredari H, Karimy M, et al. Correlation between compliance
regimens with health locus of control in patients with hypertension.
Med J Islam Repub Iran 2015;29:194.
33. Moshki M, Tavakolizadeh J, Bahri N. The relationship between
health locus of control and life style in pregnant women.
Armaghane Danesh 2010;15:161‑70.
)