Document Type : Original Article
Authors
- . Khalid A. Alshehri
- . Ahmed A. Alharbi
- . Bassam E. Yaghmoor
- . Anas K. Salman
- . Shahad A. Alaydarous
- . Lujain K. Abdalwassie
- . Mahmoud H. Mosli
- . Hani Z. Marzouki
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pediatric foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a life‑threatening condition responsible
for many deaths every year, especially among children younger than 2 years.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge among students in Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This observational, cross‑sectional study was conducted between
December and January 2018 at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia via a paper‑based questionnaire survey of
male and female high school and middle school students. The Chi‑square test was used to compare
frequencies, and the independent t‑test was used to compare means.
RESULTS: A total of 671 students participated in this survey. The second item, “It is possible for
a child to choke on a small toy” had the highest rate of correct responses among both males and
females (93.2% vs. 94%, respectively). The eighth item “Sudden cough is a sign of choking among
children” had the lowest rate of correct responses among males (40.8%) and females (33%). Most
female participants (74.2%) knew that batteries are the most dangerous items a child can swallow,
which requires immediate medical attention (item 14), while only 56.2% of male participants knew
that (P < 0.001). The only significant predictor on linear regression analysis was “Having treated
anyone with FBA” (coefficient = −0.24, P = 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS: There is inadequate knowledge regarding FBA among middle and high school
students, as is the case among mothers. Moreover, only a small percentage of participants had any
first aid training.
Keywords
- Ferrari LR. The pediatric airway: Anatomy, challenges, and
solutions. In: Mason KP, editor. Pediatric Sedation Outside of the
Operating Room. 2nd ed. New York: Springer; 2015. p. 95‑109.
2. Jayachandra S, Eslick GD. A systematic review of paediatric
foreign body ingestion: Presentation, complications, and
management. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2013;77:311‑7.
3. McKinney OW, Heaton PA, Gamble J, Paul SP. Recognition and
management of foreign body ingestion and aspiration. Nurs Stand
2017;31:42‑52.
4. Gregori D, Salerni L, Scarinzi C, Morra B, Berchialla P, Snidero S,
et al. Foreign bodies in the nose causing complications and
requiring hospitalization in children 0‑14 age: Results from the
European survey of foreign bodies injuries study. Rhinology
2008;46:28‑33.
5. Singh JK, Vasudevan V, Bharadwaj N, Narasimhan KL. Role
of tracheostomy in the management of foreign body airway
obstruction in children. Singapore Med J 2009;50:871‑4.
6. Committee on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention. Prevention
of choking among children. Pediatrics 2010;125:601‑7. - 7. WuX, Wu L, ChenZ, ZhouY. Fatal choking in infants and children
treated in a pediatric intensive care unit: A 7‑ year experience. Int
J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018;110:67‑9.
8. Johnson K, Linnaus M, Notrica D. Airway foreign bodies in
pediatric patients: Anatomic location of foreign body affects
complications and outcomes. Pediatr Surg Int 2017;33:59‑64.
9. Tokar B, Ozkan R, Ilhan H. Tracheobronchial foreign bodies
in children: Importance of accurate history and plain chest
radiography in delayed presentation. Clin Radiol 2004;59:609‑15.
10. Chew HS, Tan HK. Airway foreign body in children. Int J Clin
Med 2012;3:655‑60.
11. Chapin MM, Rochette LM, Annest JL, Haileyesus T, Conner KA,
Smith GA. Nonfatal choking on food among children 14 years or
younger in the United States, 2001‑2009. Pediatrics 2013;132:275‑81.
12. Bittencourt PF, Camargos PA, Scheinmann P, de Blic J. Foreign
body aspiration: Clinical, radiological findings and factors
associated with its late removal. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol
2006;70:879‑84.
13. Cohen S, Avital A, Godfrey S, Gross M, Kerem E, Springer C.
Suspected foreign body inhalation in children: What are the
indications for bronchoscopy? J Pediatr 2009;155:276‑80.
14. Metrangelo S, Monetti C, Meneghini L, Zadra N, Giusti F. Eight
years’ experience with foreign‑body aspiration in children:
What is really important for a timely diagnosis? J Pediatr Surg
1999;34:1229‑31.
15. Tan HK, Brown K, McGill T, Kenna MA, Lund DP, Healy GB.
Airway foreign bodies (FB): A 10‑year review. Int J Pediatr
Otorhinolaryngol 2000;56:91‑9.
16. Passàli D, Lauriello M, Bellussi L, Passali GC, Passali FM,
Gregori D. Foreign body inhalation in children: An update. Acta
Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2010;30:27‑32.
17. Higuchi O, Adachi Y, Adachi YS, Taneichi H, Ichimaru T,
Kawasaki K. Mothers’ knowledge about foreign body aspiration
in young children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2013;77:41‑4.
18. Singh A, Ghosh D, Samuel C, Bhatti W. Pediatric foreign body
aspiration: How much does our community know? J Indian Assoc
Pediatr Surg 2010;15:129‑32.
19. Al‑Qudehy Z, Al‑Sheif H, Al‑Qudaihi G. Parental knowledge of
foreign body aspiration: A comparative study between Saudis
and other nations. J Otolaryngol ENT Res 2015;2:00008.
20. Ozdogan S, Sahin G, Avci O, Busra Duran N, Atli B, Akinci N,
et al. Mothers’ knowledge on foreign body aspiration. Yeditepe
Med J 2015;11:935‑44.
21. Foltran F, Ballali S, Passali FM, Kern E, Morra B, Passali GC,
et al. Foreign bodies in the airways: A meta‑analysis of published
papers. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2012;76 Suppl 1:S12‑9.
22. Akca SO. The effect of foreign body aspiration training on
the knowledge level of pupils. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol
2016;82:408‑15.
23. Reilly JS, Walter MA, Beste D, Derkay C, Muntz H, Myer CM, et al.
Size/shape analysis of aerodigestive foreign bodies in children:
A multi‑institutional study. Am J Otolaryngol 1995;16:190‑3.
24. Foltran F, Gregori D, Passàli D, Bellussi L, Caruso G, Passàli FM,
et al. Toys in the upper aerodigestive tract: Evidence on their
risk as emerging from the ESFBI study. Auris Nasus Larynx
2011;38:612‑7.
)