Document Type : Original Article
Authors
Department of Periodontics, Triveni Institute of Dental Sciences, Hospital and Research Centre, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Relationship among periodontitis, obesity, and chronic diseases may be
multidirectional. Inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis induce the production of pro‑inflammatory
cytokines such as TNF‑α, IL‑1, and IL‑6. It has been suggested that the secretion of TNF‑α by adipose
tissue triggered by lipopolysaccharides from periodontal Gram‑negative bacteria promotes hepatic
dyslipidemia and decreases insulin sensitivity.
AIM: To study the association of obesity with the severity of periodontitis and to compare the blood
glucose levels and plasma lipid profile in obese and non‑obese subjects with chronic periodontitis.
METHODOLOGY: A total of 84 systemically healthy subjects, aged 30–60 years, were included in
the study. Periodontal status of the subjects was assessed by recording Community Periodontal
Index (CPI) and Gingival Index (Loe and Silness, 1963). Body mass index (BMI) and waist
circumference (WC) were used as measures to assess obesity. The fasting plasma lipids level and
fasting blood glucose level were measured. Data were analyzed by unpaired ‘t’test, Fisher’s Exact
test, and Chi‑square test.
RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in Gingival Index and Community
Periodontal Index between the obese and non‑obese group. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and
low‑density lipoprotein (LDL) levels showed significant difference between the two groups. There
was no statistically significant difference in mean age, high‑density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, and
fasting blood glucose levels between the two groups.
CONCLUSION: The present study showed a positive association between obesity and chronic
periodontitis. Further long‑term studies involving larger sample size are required to confirm this
association.
Keywords
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