Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
2 Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
3 Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Human brucellosis can be a source of problems that affect public health, social, and
economic well‑being of the world’s population. This study was conducted with the aim of determining
the effect of Educational Intervention (EI) based on Health Belief Model (HBM) on preventive behaviors
against brucellosis in Health Volunteers (HVs) in Rafsanjan.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Randomly, 104 HVs, in the intervention and control group,
participated in a quasi‑randomized, controlled experimental study. Variables were evaluated before
and 1 month after intervention. In the intervention group, the educational program was conducted
with lecture, group discussion, showing movies and related photos, booklets, and pamphlets. The
program included five 45‑min sessions that developed regarding the beliefs and constructs of
HBM about brucellosis and its prevention methods. Data regarding HBM constructs and preventive
behavior were collected using the questionnaire with 100 items by the self‑report method. Finally,
the data were entered into the SPSS software version 16.0, and statistical tests such as Chi‑square,
independent and paired t‑test, Mann–Whitney, and Wilcoxon test were used for the data analysis
at the significant level of 0.05.
RESULTS: Prior to the intervention, the mean score of the HBM constructs and preventive behaviors
between the two groups did not differ significantly, but 1 month later, in the intervention group
increased significantly compared to the control group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: We recommend to health authorities and health‑care providers to use HBM in EIs
to create susceptibility, increase perceived severity and benefits, promote self‑efficacy, uses cue
to action, as well as reduce behavioral barriers, and ultimately adopt health‑promoting behaviors.
Keywords
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