Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Entrepreneurship and Rural Development, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: It is universally acknowledged that strengthen the participation rate in breast
cancer (BC) screening can find cancer in its earlier stages. The aim of this study was to determine the
effect of regular visits to the health centers on women’s knowledge and attitude about BC screening.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a cross‑sectional study, data were collected from 380 women
identified with Kurdish background, who were registered in health care centers of Islamabad‑e Gharb
during January and February 2017. The subjects were divided into two regular and irregular groups
based on the quantity of presence in health centers. Data on women’s awareness and attitude about
BC screening were collected by a trained interviewer using a structured questionnaire. Bivariate
analysis, analysis of variance, and independent sample t‑test were used to see the mean differences
within the groups. The level of confidence was set at 0.05 significant.
RESULTS: Women were representative of four health‑care centers of the city, mainly ≤39 years
old (73.9%), married (96.3%), with high school education (44.2%) characteristics. The total
mean ± standard deviation of awareness score about BC was 6.03 ± 3.90. In total, 19.2% of
participants had poor (<2.13), 64.2% had an average (2.13–9.93), and 16.6% had good (˃9.93)
awareness about BC. The results showed that the level of knowledge and attitude about BC screening
was significantly different between regular and irregular groups (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: An important message from this study is the need for improved and coordinated
BC education for all social classes of women. It is necessary to discover ways to encourage women
with academic education to visit health centers regularly during interventional studies.
Keywords
cancer mortality rate: A 25‑Year study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
2019;20:2015‑20.
2. DeSantis CE, Ma J, Goding Sauer A, Newman LA, Jemal A. Breast
cancer statistics, 2017, racial disparity in mortality by state. CA
Cancer J Clin 2017;67:439‑48.
3. Lee J, Jung JH, Kim WW, Moon SH, Jeong JH, Park JY, et al.
Comparison of laser ablation using multidirectional and
forward‑firing fibers in breast cancer. Minim Invasive Ther Allied
Technol 2018;27:292‑9.
4. da Costa Vieira RA, Biller G, Uemura G, Ruiz CA, Curado MP.
Breast cancer screening in developing countries. Clinics (Sao
Paulo) 2017;72:244‑53.
5. Rivera‑Franco MM, Leon‑Rodriguez E. Delays in breast
cancer detection and treatment in developing countries. Breast
Cancer (Auckl) 2018;12:1‑5.
6. MahumudRA, AlamK, Keramat SA, RenzahoAMN, HossainMG,
Haque R, et al. Wealth stratified inequalities in service utilisation
of breast cancer screening across the geographical regions:
A pooled decomposition analysis. Arch Public Health 2020;78:32.
7. Khazir Z, Morrowati Sharifabad MA, Vaezi AA, Enjezab B,
Fallahzadeh H, Yari F. Predictors of mammography based on
Health Belief Model in Khorramabad women. J Educ Health
Promot 2019;8:180.
8. Nafissi N, Khayamzadeh M, Zeinali Z, Pazooki D, Hosseini M,
Akbari ME. Epidemiology and histopathology of breast cancer in
Iran versus other Middle Eastern countries. Middle East J Cancer
2018;9:243‑51.
9. Valipour AA, Mohammadian M, Ghafari M ,
Mohammadian‑Hafshejani A. Predict the future incidence and
mortality of breast cancer in Iran from 2012‑2035. Iran J Public
Health 2017;46:579‑80.
10. Bouya S, Balouchi A, Ahmadidarehsima S, Badakhsh M.
Knowledge and source of information about early detection
techniques of breast cancer among women in Iran: A systematic
review. J Cancer Prev 2018;23:51‑60.
11. Kaboudi M, Dehghan F, Ziapour A. The effect of acceptance and
commitment therapy on the mental health of women patients
with type II diabetes. Ann Trop Med Public Health 2017;10:1709.
12. Massat NJ, Dibden A, Parmar D, Cuzick J, Sasieni PD, Duffy SW.
Impact of screening on breast cancer mortality: The UK program
20 Years on. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016;25:455‑62.
13. Mazloomy Mahmoodabad SS, Khodayarian M. Assessment of
awareness and attitude of women about breast cancer screening
behavior in Yazd city, Iran in 1391. Iran Quarter J Breast Dis
2013;6:11.
14. Mah Z, Bryant H. Age as a factor in breast cancer knowledge,
attitudes and screening behaviour. CMAJ 1992;146:2167‑74.
15. Chaka B, Sayed AR, Goeieman B, Rayne S. A survey of knowledge
and attitudes relating to cervical and breast cancer among women
in Ethiopia. BMC Public Health 2018;18:1072.
16. Al‑Zalabani AH, Alharbi KD, Fallatah NI, Alqabshawi RI,
Al‑Zalabani AA, Alghamdi SM. Breast cancer knowledge and
screening practice and barriers among women in Madinah, Saudi
Arabia. J Cancer Educ 2018;33:201‑7.
17. Kaboudi M, Ramezakhani A, Manouchehri H, Hajizadeh E.
Relationship between age of marriage, women’s education and
fertility 1954‑93: A study in the west of Iran. Biosci Biotechnol
Res Asia 2013;10:855‑60.
18. Pramanick S, Chakraborty D, Bera S, Dutta K, Chauduri R.
A case‑control study on risk factors of breast cancer among
women attending a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, India. J Cell
Biol Cell Metab 2020;7:020.
19. Lehrer S, Green S, Rosenzweig KE. Affluence and Breast Cancer.
Breast J 2016;22:564‑7.
)