Document Type : Original Article
Authors
- . Mina Nazari Kamal
- . Rahele Samouei 1
- . Sheida Sarrafzadeh 2
- . Shima Tamannaeifar 3
- . Nafiseh Ghaebi 4
- . Reza Behrouzi 5
1 Health Management and Economics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,
2 Psychosomatic Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Department of Psychology, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences
4 Health Information Technology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
5 Behrouzi Physiotherapy Center, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
AIM AND BACKGROUND: Given the fact that immune system is greatly affected by people’s
emotional characteristics and since these characteristics are mainly formed through interactions
with one’s parents, this study aims to determine the relation between personality characteristics and
disorders of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and their parents.
METHODS: This is an applied, descriptive study on 88 MS patients and 63 parents who had visited
two physiotherapy clinics in Tehran between January and August 2016. Participants who met the
inclusion criteria were selected using convenient sampling method. After acquiring their consent,
participants were asked to fill the millon personality questionnaire. Gathered data were analyzed using
Pearson and Spearman tests. R statistical software was also used to draw histogram of the data.
RESULTS: The most common personality disorder in MS patients includes histrionic personality
disorder while the most common problems among their parents included histrionic personality
disorder and obsessive character traits. There was also a direct, significant relation between histrionic
personality disorder and narcissistic traits in parents and patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Due to unknown nature and progress of MS, studying personality characteristics
of patients and their parents can help determine better treatment methods along with advances in
neurological treatments.
Keywords
functional limitations, and quality of life: A longitudinal study
of persons with multiple sclerosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil
2006;87:935‑43.
2. Masoudi R, Mohammadi E, Naboudi M, Ahmadi F. The effect
of self‑care program based on Orem model on physical aspects
of quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Shahrekord
Univ Med Sci 2008;10:21‑9.
3. Taraghi Z, Eleiae M. Quality of life of patient member of MS
society of Mazandaran. Persian Iran J Neurol 2007;20:51‑60.
4. Kaplan Harold L, Sadock Benjamin J. Comprehensive
Textbook of Psychiatry. 18th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer
Health‑Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2005.
5. Ozura A, Erdberg P, Sega S. Personality characteristics of multiple
sclerosis patients: A Rorschach investigation. Clin Neurol
Neurosurg 2010;112:629‑32.
6. Khalkhali MR. A case report of a MS patient with bipolar disorder
and mood disorders. Uilan Univ Med Sci 2002;11:11‑24.
7. Bol Y, Duits AA, Hupperts RM, Vlaeyen JW, Verhey FR. The
psychology of fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis:
A review. J Psychosom Res 2009;66:3‑11.
8. Harder RK. Personality in multiple sclerosis. J Clin Psychol
1993 (69):890‑902.
9. Mohr DC, Hart SL, Julian L, Cox D, Pelletier D. Associationbetween stressful life events and exacerbation in multiple
sclerosis: A meta‑analysis. BMJ 2004;328:731.
10. Salmaggi A, Eoli M, La Mantia L, Erbetta A. Parallel fluctuations
of psychiatric and neurological symptoms in a patient with
multiple sclerosis and bipolar affective disorder. Ital J Neurol Sci
1995;16:551‑3.
11. Heilä H, Turpeinen P, Erkinjuntti T. Case study: Mania associated
with multiple sclerosis. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
1995;34:1591‑5.
12. Merkelbach S, König J, Sittinger H. Personality traits in multiple
sclerosis (MS) patients with and without fatigue experience. Acta
Neurol Scand 2003;107:195‑201.
13. Christodoulou C, Deluca J, Johnson SK, Lange G, Gaudino EA,
Natelson BH, et al. Examination of Cloninger’s basic dimensions
of personality in fatiguing illness: Chronic fatigue syndrome and
multiple sclerosis. J Psychosom Res 1999;47:597‑607.
14. Johnson SK, DeLuca J, Natelson BH. Personality dimensions in the
chronic fatigue syndrome: A comparison with multiple sclerosis
and depression. J Psychiatr Res 1996;30:9‑20.
15. Trull TJ, Widiger TA. Dimensional models of personality: The
five‑factor model and the DSM‑5. Dialogues Clin Neurosci
2013;15:135‑46.
16. Abedini M, Montazeri S, Ghorban Shiroudi SH. Comparing the
big five personality factor in patients with multiple sclerosis and
healthy individuals. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2012;22:35‑9.
17. Krishnan KR. Psychiatric and medical comorbidities of bipolar
disorder. Psychosom Med 2005;67:1‑8.
18. Penner IK, Bechtel N, Raselli C, Stöcklin M, Opwis K, Kappos L,
et al. Fatigue in multiple sclerosis: Relation to depression,
physical impairment, personality and action control. Mult Scler
2007;13:1161‑7.
19. Benedict RH, Priore RL, Miller C, Munschauer F, Jacobs L.
Personality disorder in multiple sclerosis correlates with cognitive
impairment. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001;13:70‑6.
20. Mirzaei M, Jaryani N, Masafi S, Afsar Aski S, Dolatshahi B,
Rezaei B. Identifying the personality patterns in patients with
multiple sclerosis (MS). Int J Collab Res Internal Med Public
Health 2012;4:1901‑11.
21. Korostil M, Feinstein A. Anxiety disorders and their clinical
correlates in multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler 2007;13:67‑72.
22. Noy S, Achiron A, Gabbay U, Barak Y, Rotstein Z, Laor N, et al.
A new approach to affective symptoms in relapsing‑remitting
multiple sclerosis. Compr Psychiatry 1995;36:390‑5.
23. Schwartz ES, Chapman BP, Duberstein PR, Weinstock‑Guttman B,
Benedict RH. The NEO‑FFI in multiple sclerosis: Internal
consistency, factorial validity, and correspondence between self
and informant reports. Assessment 2011;18:39‑49.
24. Saulsman LM, Page AC. The five‑factor model and personality
disorder empirical literature: A meta‑analytic review. Clin Psychol
Rev 2004;23:1055‑85.
25. Pervin LA, Cervone DJ. Personality, Theory and Research.
New York: John Wiley and Sons; 2005. p. 250‑70.
26. Millon T, Davis RD. An evolutionary theory of personality
disorders. In: Clarkin GF, Lenzenweger MF, editors. Magor
Theories of Personality Disorder. New York: Guilford Press;
1996.
27. Sharifi AA, Karami A. MCM Guide (Milton 3). Tehran: Ravansanji;
2007.
28. Craig RJ. Overview and current status of the millon clinical
multiaxial inventory. J Pers Assess 1999;72:390‑406.
29. Sharifi AA. Standardization of Multilateral Clinical Trials of
Milton 3 in Isfahan, Master’s Degree, (Unpublished), Isfahan
University; 2002.
30. Hawkes CH. Are multiple sclerosis patients risk‑takers? QJM
2005;98:895‑911.
31. Ahmadi P, Mahmoud Allylu S. Comparison of Personality of
MS Patients with Healthy Subjects Based on Five Factor Model.
8th International Congress of U.S. Iranians. Mashhad University
of Medical Sciences and Health Services; 25‑26 October, 2011.
32. Furnham A. A bright side, facet analysis of histrionic personality
disorder: The relationship between the HDS colourful factor
and the NEO‑PI‑R facets in a large adult sample. J Soc Psychol
2014;154:527‑36.
33. Miller JD, Gaughan ET, Maples J, Price J. A comparison of
agreeableness scores from the big five inventory and the NEO
PI‑R: Consequences for the study of narcissism and psychopathy.
Assessment 2011;18:335‑9.
34. Lord SE, Wade DT, Halligan PW. A comparison of two
physiotherapy treatment approaches to improve walking in
multiple sclerosis: A pilot randomized controlled study. Clin
Rehabil 1998;12:477‑86.
35. Finlayson M, Garcia JD, Cho C. Occupational therapy service use
among people aging with multiple sclerosis. Am J Occup Ther
2008;62:320‑8.
36. Millon T. Personality‑Guided Therapy. Hoboken, NJ, US: John
Wiley & Sons Inc: 1999.
37. Lenzenweger MF, Clarkin JF. Major Theories of Personality
Disorder. New York City: Guilford Press; 2005.
)