Document Type : Original Article
Authors
- . Hamideh Mollakhalili
- . Ahmad Papi
- . Firoozeh Zare- Farashbandi 1
- . Gholamreza Sharifirad 2
- . Akbar HasanZadeh 3
1 Health Information Technology Research Center
2 Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health
3 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
Background: Health literacy is an individual’s need in each Society. Health literacy is a
set of skills in reading, listening, analysis, decision making and the ability to apply these
skills to health situations. The purpose of this study was to assess health literacy level
in Inpatients of educational Hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2012.
Materials and Methods: A navigational and analytical- applied survey of 384 Inpatients was
conducted in educational hospitals of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Health literacy
was measured by the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA). Reliability of
Questionnaire was obtained through Cronbach’s alpha and it was 0/89 and its validity was
confirmed by experts. The data were collected in clinical inquiry and were analyzed using
SPSS (as Descriptive was Frequency distribution, mean, standard deviation and as analytical
was Independent T-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation test and Spearman correlation test).
Findings: Results showed that the average of Health literacy scores in Inpatients was 35/31
in Numeracy test and 31/94 in Reading Comprehension test. The mean total score of health
literacy was 29/63. Thus, the Most of these Inpatients were found to have inadequate health
literacy. No significant association was found between health literacy level and gender, income,
Occupation and residence. Health literacy was associated with age, marriage status and
education. Conclusion: The results showed that most of Inpatients in of educational Hospitals of
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were marginal and inadequate health literacy. Therefore,
they need to more help and details to understand and use health information.
Keywords
and Education. Health promotion and healthy life style. [Internet].
2007 Mar[cited 2011 Dec 6]; 2: [about 4p.] Available from: http://
www.hphla.org/Journal_US_1_HPHLA/Journal‑Mehrmah.pdf.
2. Tehrani‑Banihashemi A., Amirkhani M., Haghdust A., Alavian M.,
Asgharifard H, Baradaran H, Barghmdi M, Parsinia S, Fathi Ranjbar S.
Health literacy in five provinces of the country and its determinants.
Strides in Development of Medical Education. 2007; 1:1‑9.
3. Kickbush I. Health literacy: An essential skill for the twenty‑ first
century. Health Educ. [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2012 Jan 16];108:[about
6p.]. Available from: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm
?articleid=1674204andshow=pdf.
4. Reisi M, Mostafavi F, Hasanzadeh A, Sharifirad G. The Relationship
between Health Literacy, Health Status and Healthy Behaviors
among Elderly in Isfahan. J Health Syst Res 2011;7:1‑12.
5. Jamejam online. Tehran: Jam‑e‑Jam Newspaper Office.
Available from: http://www.jamejamonline.ir/newstext.
aspx?newsnum=100004064059. [updated 2012 Jul 1; cited
2012 Jul 1].
6. Salamatiran. Tehran: Iranian Health Center. Available from:
http://www.salamatiran.com/NSite/FullStory/?id=33479.
accessed [updated Jan 2010 17; cited 2013 Jan 15].
7. Kohan S, Ghasemi S, Dodangeh M. The relationship between health
literacy and maternal prenatal care and Labor. Iran J Nurs Midwifery
Res. [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2012 May 12]; 1: [about 11p.]. Available
from: http://www.magiran.com/viewpdf.asp?no=3.
8. Reisi M. A Survey on Health Literacy among Elderly in Isfahan in
1390. Isfahan: Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; 2011.
9. Ghanbari S, Majlessi F, Mohtasham G, Mahmoudi Majdabadi M.
Survey on Health Literacy of Pregnant women in Health Centers
of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Med J
2011;19:1‑13.
10. Nekouei‑Moghadam M, Parva S, Amiresmaili M, Baneshi M. Health
Literacy and Utilization of health Services in Kerman urban Area
2011. Tolooe Behdasht Journal 2012;11:123‑34.
11. Tol A, Pourreza A, Tavasoli E, Rahimi Foroshani A. Determination of
knowledge and health literacy among women with type 2 diabetes
in teaching hospitals of TUMS. Hosp Q 2012;11:45‑52.
12. Tol A, Pourreza A, Rahimi Foroshani A, Tavasoli E. Assessing the
effect of educational program based on small group on promoting
knowledge and health literacy among women with type 2 diabetes
referring to selected hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of
Medical Sciences. Razi J Med Sci 2012;19:10‑9.
13. Williams MV, Davis T, Parker RM, Weiss BD. The Role of Health
Literacy in Patients – physician Communication. Fam Med. [Internet].
2002 [cited 2012 Dec 1]; 34: [about 7p.]. Available from: http://stfm.
org/fmhub/fm2002/may02/cwsp3.pdf.
14. Chew LD, Bradly KA, Boyko EJ. Brief Questions to Identify Patients
with Inadequate Health Literacy. Fam Med. [Internet]. 2004; [cited
2011 Dec 12]; 36: [about 6p.]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.
nih.gov/pubmed/15343421.
15. Fang MC, Machtinger EL, Wang F, Schillinger D. Health Literacy
and Anticoagulation‑Related Outcomes among Patients Taking
Warfarin. J Gen Intern Med. [Internet]. 2006; [cited 2013 Feb 24];
21:. [about 5p.]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/
articles/PMC1831580/pdf/jgi0021‑0841.pdf.
16. Lee SY, Tsai Tl, Tsai YW, Kuo KN. Health Literacy, Health Status, and
Healthcare Utilization of Taiwanese Adults: Results from a National
Survey. BMC Public Health. [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2012 Jan 28];
10: [about 4p.]. Available from: http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/
bitstream/2027.42/78252/2/1471‑2458‑10‑614.pdf.
17. Jovic‑Vranes A, Bjegovic‑Mikanovic V, Marinkovic J, Kocev N. Health
literacy in a Population of Primary Healthcare Patients in Belgrade,
Serbia. Int J Public Health. [Internet]. 2011[cited 2013 Jul 10];
56: [about 8p.]. Available from: http://www.springerlink.com/
content/d612939lu577m7v2/fulltext.pdf.18. Edwards M, Wood F, Davies M, Edwards A. The Development
of health Literacy in Patients with Long‑term Health Condition:
The health literacy pathway model. BMC Public Health. [Internet].
2012 [cited 2013 Jul 10]; 12: [about 5p.]. Available from: http://
www.springerlink.com/content/u6p0532124573231/fulltext.pdf.
19. Sun X, Shi Y, Zeng Q, Wang Y, Du W, Wei N, Xie R., Chang
Ch.Determinants of health literacy and health behavior regarding
infectious respiratory diseases: A pathway model. BMC Public
Health [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2013 Jul 1]; 13: [about 2p.].
Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/
pdf/1471‑2458‑13‑261.pdf.
)