Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward seasonal influenza vaccine during the COVID‑19 pandemic among students at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences‑Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

. Amir Abushouk; . Mohamed Eldigire Ahmed; . Zaher Althagaf; . Abdulrhman Almehmadi; . Samer Alasmari; . Fares Alenezi; . Muhannad Fallata; . Rayan Alshamrani

Volume 13, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Annual influenza vaccine is recommended among health professionals especially,health science undergraduates; although, studies suggest that there is a low level of vaccine ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Annual influenza vaccine is recommended among health professionals especially,health science undergraduates; although, studies suggest that there is a low level of vaccine coverageamong health care undergraduates. Thus, the study aimed to investigate students’ knowledge,attitudes, and practices regarding the seasonal influenza vaccine at King Saud bin Abdulaziz Universityfor Health Sciences (KSAU‑HS) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.METHODS: A cross‑sectional, unicentral study was carried out during the period of April to November2021. A total of 341 validated questionnaires that included four sections were distributed in all fourdifferent colleges of KSAU‑HS. Data management and analyses were carried out using StatisticalSoftware for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.RESULTS: Out of 341 respondents, 336 participants completed the full survey (98.53% completionrate). The majority of participants were males (67.6% and the most participants were from the collegeof medicine (60.4%). The mean knowledge score of students was found to be (11.3 ± 2.0) out of 14points. The most common barrier to vaccination among healthcare students was not having enoughtime to take the vaccine (23.8%), while the second one was the COVID‑19 pandemic (22.32%). Thevaccination rate in 2020 was 103 (30.7%), while 235 (80.4%) students stated that they have receivedthe vaccine previously. School/work requirements and the student’s awareness of the vaccine’simportance were the most common reasons for taking the influenza vaccine.CONCLUSION: Even though students showed a high level of knowledge and a positive attitudetowards the influenza vaccine, they generally had a low level of vaccine uptake. To enhanceimmunization rates, we encourage vaccine campaigns in all healthcare colleges. Further studies areneeded to identify influences on students’ attitudes and practices regarding influenza vaccination.

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Awareness, knowledge, and psycho‑emotional aspect of infertility among women seeking fertility assistance at a tertiary care hospital in Chhattisgarh, a cross‑sectional study

. Vinita Singh; . Gitika Rajpal; . Sagarika Majumdar; . Sucharita Mandal; . Rajshree Sahu

Volume 13, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 1-15

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: The lack of fundamental knowledge and awareness about the biological process ofreproduction is low worldwide but has reportedly higher incidence rates in under‑developed ...  Read More BACKGROUND: The lack of fundamental knowledge and awareness about the biological process ofreproduction is low worldwide but has reportedly higher incidence rates in under‑developed countries.Infertility can have a tremendous effect on a woman’s psychological and social well‑being, pushingher toward mental stress, anxiety, depression self‑blame, self‑isolation, feeling of worthlessness,and lack of interest in life. The present study was conducted to determine the level of knowledge andawareness regarding factors affecting fertility and also to ascertain the emotional status of femalesvisiting the Obstetrics and Gynecology out‑patient department for fertility assistance.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross‑sectional study was performed by using a questionnairewhich had two parts; the first part had questions about awareness and knowledge of the subjectof infertility, and the second part had 12 questions that assessed the psychological and emotionalstatus of the participants, and it also explored prevailing myths about infertility based on a validatedquestionnaire.RESULTS: There was a significant difference in mean knowledge score; those who were moreeducated had better knowledge of various aspects of infertility. The overall adequacy for knowledgeand awareness revealed that only 62 (47.7%) of the participants had adequate knowledge (score >6)regarding female infertility. The mean score for knowledge among all the respondents was 6.61 ± 1.48.The overall emotional and psychological score suggested that 30 (23%) of the respondents weredisturbed because of stress because of infertility.CONCLUSION: Infertility can have a serious impact on the psychological well‑being of females,and social pressure and stigma associated with childlessness can further worsen the physical andemotional well‑being of couples, which needs to be addressed before starting treatment of infertilityfor a better response to treatment. The limited knowledge and prevailing mis‑conceptions regardinginfertility need to be sincerely dealt with to complement the medical treatment of infertility.

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Knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical interns and postgraduate residents on American Geriatric Society updated Beers criteria

. Aditi Rathore; . Rishabh Sharma; . Parveen Bansal; . Manik Chhabra; . Malika Arora

Volume 13, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) prevalence in older adults is increasingday by day due to lack of knowledge among medical students and professionals.OBJECTIVE: ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) prevalence in older adults is increasingday by day due to lack of knowledge among medical students and professionals.OBJECTIVE: To determine the knowledge of medical students toward American GeriatricSociety (AGS) Beers criteria for PIM prescribing.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross‑sectional study employed a self‑administered questionnairewhich was validated and designed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of medical internsand postgraduate residents on Beers criteria for PIMs in older adults. The study was conductedin Faridkot region of Punjab in 2019. This study will utilize a purposive sampling strategy and aconvenience sampling of up to 183 participants. Mann–Whitney U or Kruskal–Wallis tests were usedto compare different issues as appropriate. P values of <0.05 were considered significant.RESULTS: Out of 183 questionnaires distributed, only 155 participants (response rate 84.6%) hadfilled the survey and were included in the study. 61.3% (n = 95) of the respondents were males. Themean knowledge score of 155 participants was (5.16 ± 1.56), where the highest score was 9 and thelowest score was 2 out of 10. 15.5% (n = 24) of the participant strongly agreed that Beers criteria useis necessary in clinical setting and would be very helpful. While 22.5% (n = 35) of the participantsstrongly agreed that PIMs cause adverse drug event (ADE) and drug‑related problems (DRPs) inolder adults. Age of the participant had a significant effect on the knowledge score (p = 0.009), andparticipant aged between 31 and 40 years had significantly higher knowledge scores compared withparticipants falls under 20–30 years.CONCLUSION: Medical students and postgraduate residents had average knowledge of PIMs andare unaware of the standard guidelines in older adults such as the Beers criteria. Lack of formaleducation or training about Beers guidelines was the main reason responsible for average knowledgeamong participants.

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Sub‑optimal knowledge with positive attitude and belief of frontline health workers toward the use of information technologies: A mixed‑method study from rural Haryana, India

. Ramadass Sathiyamoorthy; . Ankit Chandra; . Sagar Poudel; . Rakesh Kumar; Harshal R. Salve .; . Kapil Yadav; . Shashi Kant; . Ballabgarh Teaching and Research Group

Volume 12, Issue 11 , December 2022, , Pages 1-9

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Information technology (IT) can be used by frontline health workers (FLWs) toconnect and deliver care to the community. Various studies in India have assessed the beneficialimpact ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Information technology (IT) can be used by frontline health workers (FLWs) toconnect and deliver care to the community. Various studies in India have assessed the beneficialimpact of IT usage by FLWs, but for the long‑term sustainability, the attitude and belief toward ITusage have not been adequately studied. We conducted this study to assess the knowledge andattitude and to explore the beliefs of FLWs toward the use of IT in a rural area of Haryana.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a mixed‑method study (qualitative and quantitativeapproach) in a rural setting of Haryana, India. We included FLWs of two primary health centers (PHCs).Data were collected from October 19, 2020 to December 31, 2020. We collected data from 75 accreditedsocial health activists (ASHAs), 37 Anganwadi workers (AWWs), 28 multi‑purpose workers (MPWs),two information assistants, and two medical officers using a semi‑structured interview schedule. Theirknowledge about the benefits of IT use, past use of IT applications and devices, and self‑rating ofknowledge regarding computers or laptops were collected. We used 14 attitude statements, each witha five‑point Likert scale to assess the attitude; a total score ≥35 was considered a positive attitude.We conducted eight focus group discussions (FGDs) to explore the beliefs regarding IT usage (fourFGDs with ASHAs, two FGDs with AWWs, and two FGDs with MPWs). A descriptive analysis wasperformed for the quantitative data, and a thematic analysis was performed for qualitative data.RESULTS: Knowledge about the benefits of IT use was present among 77.8% of FLWs. Amongthe FLWs, 79.2% self‑rated their knowledge of computers/laptops as ‘do not have knowledge’, 16%self‑rated as ‘low knowledge’, and 4.8% self‑rated as ‘good knowledge’. The median total score forattitude statements among all the FLWs (n = 144) was 54 [inter‑quartile range – 48–59]. Four themesemerged for beliefs toward IT usage, namely, positive beliefs, negative beliefs, challenges anticipatedin adopting IT use, and facilitation factors. The positive beliefs were related to improvement in workefficiency and social status, less paperwork, timely report generation, and better learning. The negativebeliefs were related to an increase in working hours, close monitoring, and feeling over‑burdened.CONCLUSION: We found that FLWs had knowledge regarding the benefits of IT use, but theylacked knowledge regarding laptop/computer use. They had a satisfactory level of confidence inusing smartphones, and most of them were using mobile applications. The majority of the FLWs hada positive attitude and beliefs toward IT use and wanted to use it in the future.

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Knowledge, Anxiety, and practice during the COVID‑19 crisis among HCWs in Saudi Arabia

. Salah Alshagrawi; . Sultan Alhowti

Volume 12, Issue 10 , November 2022, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: The rapid and widespread of COVID‑19 has caused distress and havoc amongpeople in all walks of life. Such impact has been more pronounced among HCWs. We sought toexamine ...  Read More BACKGROUND: The rapid and widespread of COVID‑19 has caused distress and havoc amongpeople in all walks of life. Such impact has been more pronounced among HCWs. We sought toexamine how health care workers (HCWs) knowledge about COVID‑19 and perceived anxiety caninfluence preventive practices.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross‑sectional study a multiple regression analysis wasapplied to examine the relationship between knowledge, anxiety, and preventive practices among267 participants work in different settings in a variety of health care organizations in different regionsin Saudi Arabia. To estimate potential associations, a multiple regression analysis was applied.Standardized beta‑coefficients and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated to examine theoutcome variable and the predictors’ associations.RESULTS: Our findings shows that HCWs had high levels of knowledge about COVID‑19, perceivedanxiety, and preventive practices. In examining the relation between HCWs characteristics and theirknowledge about COVID‑19, older HCWs have been shown to have higher knowledge comparedto younger HCWs. Finally, the model to estimate the impact of knowledge about COVID‑19 andperceived anxiety on preventive practice showed that both have a significant impact.CONCLUSIONS: HCWs tendency to adhere to preventive practices is related to their levels ofknowledge and perceived anxiety. Such a relationship can inform administrators and policymakersin the health care field to design health promotion campaigns to ensure all HCWs are aware of thenature of communicable diseases and the risk they might entail.

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Effect of a community‑based multicomponent intervention on cervical cancer behavior among women – A randomized controlled trial

. Jisa George T; . Kiran Batra

Volume 12, Issue 9 , October 2022, , Pages 1-9

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, especially in developingcountries. More than one‑fifth of newly diagnosed cervical cancer cases are occurring ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, especially in developingcountries. More than one‑fifth of newly diagnosed cervical cancer cases are occurring in India. Cervicalcancer is a highly preventable and curable cancer compared with other types of cancer, if detectedat an early stage. The present study has been carried out to assess whether a community‑based,multicomponent, nurse‑led intervention program improves cervical cancer screening behavior ofwomen.MATERIALS AND METHODS: An experimental randomized controlled trial was carried out byrecruiting 419 women in the age group of 30–60 years (246 in the experimental group and 173 in thecontrol group) residing in a selected rural community (selected tribal settlements) of Idukki district ofKerala, India, using multistage cluster sampling. The intervention comprising small group educationfollowed by reinforcement session, telephonic reminders, navigation and guidance for Pap smear,and follow‑up visit by the investigator was administered to the experimental group, and the controlgroup did not receive any intervention. Knowledge, attitude, and screening behavior of women relatedto prevention of cervical cancer were assessed before and twice after the intervention.RESULTS: The experimental and control groups were homogenous in all baseline sociodemographicvariables. The community‑based intervention program was effective in improving knowledge(P< 0.001),attitude (P < 0.001), and screening behavior (P < 0.001) of women regarding the prevention of cervicalcancer. A significant moderate positive correlation was found between knowledge and screeningbehavior (r = 0.408). Significant association was found between knowledge, attitude, and practiceregarding prevention of cervical cancer with education, age at the time of marriage, and number ofpregnancies.CONCLUSION: The community‑based, multicomponent, nurse‑led intervention program waseffective in improving cervical cancer screening behavior among women. Repeated motivation andreinforcement are needed to bring behavioral change and to increase uptake of screening servicesamong rural women.

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Knowledge, attitudes, and sociodemographic factors related to COVID‑19 among older people living in the community in Malaysia

. Sharifah Munirah Syed Elias; . Nur Rasyidah Rohinmi

Volume 12, Issue 8 , September 2022, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Although older people are at a higher risk of COVID‑19 infection, there is a lack ofresearch that focuses on COVID‑19 in older people in Malaysia. Therefore, the aim ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Although older people are at a higher risk of COVID‑19 infection, there is a lack ofresearch that focuses on COVID‑19 in older people in Malaysia. Therefore, the aim of this study wasto assess the level of knowledge and attitudes related to COVID‑19, and to identify the association ofsociodemographic background with knowledge and attitudes towards COVID‑19 among older people.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cross‑sectional study involving 382 older people livingin the community in Malaysia. Data was collected using convenience sampling through an onlinequestionnaire that consisted of three parts: sociodemographic details, knowledge, and attituderelated to COVID‑19.RESULTS: The overall correct rate of knowledge was 77.3%, indicating that participants had slightlygood knowledge related to COVID‑19. The participants showed a positive attitude with a meanscore of 26.0 (SD = 5.0). There were significant associations between knowledge and educationlevel (P = 0.00) and marital status (P = 0.02). Marital status was significantly associated withattitude towards COVID‑19 (P = 0.03). A weak positive correlation was found between knowledgeand attitude (r = 0.17, P = 0.00) suggesting that an increase in knowledge will increase the positiveattitude among older people.CONCLUSION: Older people reported good knowledge and positive attitudes towards COVID‑19.The Malaysian government should provide relevant health education for those with lower educationlevels and divorced or widowed to improve knowledge and attitudes towards COVID‑19.

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Assessment of knowledge and practice of cardiovascular nurses regarding warfarin

. Maryam Ehsani; . Mansoureh Ashghali Farahani; . Shima Haghani; . Shiva Khaleghparast; . Mahboubeh Malekmohammadi Memar

Volume 12, Issue 7 , August 2022, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Despite new anticoagulants’ developments, warfarin is still one of the mostcommonly used medicines, particularly in the cardiovascular system. One of the significant ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Despite new anticoagulants’ developments, warfarin is still one of the mostcommonly used medicines, particularly in the cardiovascular system. One of the significant challengeswith warfarin is the prevalence of dangerous side effects such as bleeding and drug and foodinteractions, which can negatively affect patients if not adequately controlled. As health‑care teammembers, nurses have a crucial role in prescribing this medicine and educating patients. In thisregard, this study was conducted to determine the knowledge and practice of nurses working in thecardiovascular wards regarding warfarin.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross‑sectional, descriptive study, knowledge and practiceof 239 nurses working in the cardiovascular wards of teaching hospitals affiliated to Iran Universityof Medical Sciences have been investigated using European Cardiovascular Nurses Knowledgequestionnaire on anticoagulants and the checklist for high‑risk drugs safety instructions. The samplingwas performed through the stratified sampling method with proportional allocation. Data were analyzedusing the SPSS software version 16 through descriptive and inferential statistics (independent t‑test,one‑way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficient) (Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).RESULTS: The mean scores of knowledge (18.51 ± 3.87) and practice (10.53 ± 2.12) wereslightly higher than the median, and the lowest mean score was related to knowledge on druginteractions (7.62). The practice had a statistically significant relationship with knowledge (P ˂ 0.001).Regarding demographic variables, there was a statistically significant relationship between nurses’knowledge and the education level (P = 0.009) and nurses’ practice and age (P = 0.022), workexperience (P = 0.032), and work experience in cardiovascular wards (P = 0.036).CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings of this study, the knowledge of nurses working in thecardiovascular wards about warfarin was not sufficient, and their practice was of poor quality. Nurses’lack of knowledge and improper practice can jeopardize drug safety in patients and cause seriousside effects such as bleeding. Proper training of nursing students and nurses about warfarin as ahigh‑risk drug, its side effects, and drug‑food interactions, and the emphasis on patient education inpatients receiving this medicine can effectively reduce the incidence of side effects.

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Determining the status of preconception care model in pregnant woman of Gorgan city (North of Iran) using structural equation modeling (SEM)

. Narjes Sadat Borghei; . Tayebeh Ebady; . Roghaieh Bayrami; . Roya Nikbakht

Volume 12, Issue 6 , July 2022, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Preconception reduces unplanned pregnancies and plays an important role in reducing maternal and infant mortality. Considering the importance of these care services, ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Preconception reduces unplanned pregnancies and plays an important role in reducing maternal and infant mortality. Considering the importance of these care services, this study was conducted to determine the status of preconception care (PCC) model with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 394 pregnant women referring to Gorgan’s health centers. Samples were selected by multi‑stage stratified sampling method. The instrument used in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire by Bayrami. Data were analyzed using R software version 4.1.4. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with weighted least square mean and variance method was used to fit the conceptual model and the significance level of the tests was considered 0.05.RESULTS: The results showed that PCC model was deemed appropriate as optimum conditions indicators of goodness of fit; knowledge with a coefficient of 0.182 leads to self‑efficacy (SE), and SE affects the accessibility of facilities with a coefficient of 0.465 and the expected outcome with a coefficient of 0.500. After facility structure with a coefficient of 0.500, SE construct with a coefficient of 0.215 had the most effect on performing PCC behavior.CONCLUSIONS: Facilities and SE as a key element of empowerment have an important role in promoting PCC. Identifying the factors associated with this care appears to help health policymakers to planning for these caregivers more precise and sensitive.

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Comparison of the effect of bioterrorism education through two methods of lecture and booklet on the knowledge and attitude of nurses of Shams Al‑Shomus Nezaja Hospital

. Masoud Khoshnudi; . Fahime Ghadamgahi; . Gholamreza Najjarzade; . Farzane Habibi Mud; . Nahid Aghaei; . No’man Arab; . Seyyed‑Javad Hosseini‑Shokouh; . Atabak Nikbakht

Volume 12, Issue 5 , June 2022, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Today, considering the importance of bioterrorism, it may be time to assess therisk of bioterrorism as an important priority. Nurses, as the broadest group of therapy group, ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Today, considering the importance of bioterrorism, it may be time to assess therisk of bioterrorism as an important priority. Nurses, as the broadest group of therapy group, arevery influential in this regard.General aim: To determine the impact of bioterrorism education throughtwo methods of lectures and booklets on the knowledge and attitude of nursing staff. Practical Aim:Minimizing the damage caused by bioterrorism attacks by empowering nursing staff.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This two-group semiexperimental intervention study was performed as abefore and after education intervention with the participation of 80 nursing staff of Shams Al-Shomus NezajaHospital affiliated to Health Administration of Islamic Republic of Iran Army Ground Forces. The studypopulation included all hospital nursing staff in 2021. The inclusion criteria included having a willingnessand informed consent to participate in the study and exclusion criteria included unwillingness to continuecooperation and failure to complete more than 10% of the questionnaire by the subject. This study wasperformed on 77 nurses in 2021. The nurses were divided into two groups: lecture and booklet. First,the pretest was completed by the nurses. After the educational intervention, both groups completed theposttest. Both groups then completed the questionnaire again after about 2 weeks. First, all the data weremeasured for normal distribution by the Kolmogorov–Smirnoff test. Statistical description was expressedfor the variables with normal distribution as the ratio of geometric mean ± standard error and for abnormalvariables as mean ± standard error. To compare the means of the studied quantitative variables, t-testand Wilcoxon matched-paired statistical tests were used. The significance level was considered <0.05.SPSS.16 and Graph Pad Prism 8.0.1 softwares were used to analyze the statistical data.RESULTS: Using both methods is effective in improving the level of knowledge and betterment attitude,but according to the paired t-test in comparison of the two groups, at intervals immediately after trainingand 2 weeks after training, a significant increase in the average knowledge score of the lecture groupStatistically shows (P < 0.001). However, the analysis of attitude scores was performed between thetwo groups of lectures and booklets, which did not show statistically significant changes between them.CONCLUSIONS: One of the most important issues in the performance of medical staff in bioterrorismattacks is useful, effective, correct, and sufficient training. According to the results of the presentstudy,bioterrorism training leads to increasing the level of knowledge and betterment the attitude ofnurses in the field of bioterrorism. Therefore, the inclusion of training courses in medical centers,especially military medical centers, is necessary and sensitive.

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Impact of online education due to the pandemic among college students: Knowledge, Attitude and Practices analysis with structural equation modeling

. Hajar Najafi; . Sedigheh Farzi; . Mohammad Javad Tarrahi; . Sima Babaei; . Ida Shekinah S; . Priyadharshini Chinnasamy; . Deepsheka K; . Venkatesan Singaram

Volume 12, Issue 5 , June 2022, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  Pandemic 2019 is observed in all sectors of the world which had caused a huge disruption in theeducation system in India as well as worldwide adding challenges to student’s life. ...  Read More Pandemic 2019 is observed in all sectors of the world which had caused a huge disruption in theeducation system in India as well as worldwide adding challenges to student’s life. We aimed toprovide an outline on E‑Learning and the difficulties experienced by students of various colleges inthe southern parts of India and to conduct knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) analysis basedon student’s perception regarding E‑learning by collecting an online survey, 346 valid questionnaireswere retrieved. In order to evaluate the association between the variables of KAP, structural equationmodeling was used for data analysis. The influencing factors of KAP were observed to know theeffect of the pandemic on E‑learning from the model. The result finding moderately fit the collecteddata and reveals a good fit of the model in the means of satisfying the threshold values.

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High school basic life support training: Is the trainer’s experience of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the actual setting important? A randomized control trial

. Ali Sanati; . Ali Ansari Jaberi; . Tayebeh Negahban Bonabi

Volume 12, Issue 5 , June 2022, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Although basic life support (BLS) has been taught in school by a varietyof professionals, it is still unclear that, whether the instructor’s previous cardiopulmonaryresuscitation ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Although basic life support (BLS) has been taught in school by a varietyof professionals, it is still unclear that, whether the instructor’s previous cardiopulmonaryresuscitation (CPR) experience is an important factor. This study aimed to compare the effect ofBLS training, based on trainer experience in actual situations, on knowledge and skills of secondaryhigh school students.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 150 high school students wereselected based on the inclusion criteria and then assigned into two groups, (76 in Group A), and (74in Group B) randomly. Both groups were trained according to adult BLS: 2020 American HeartAssociation guidelines on mannequins in three 60 min in‑person training sessions. The knowledgeand skill scores were measured for both groups before, immediately, and 1 month after interventionby a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 22, using Chi‑square,Mann–Whitney U, repeated‑measure ANOVA tests, and statistically modeling at a significancelevel of 0.05.RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups regarding demographiccharacteristics. The knowledge and skill scores in both groups increased significantly comparedto baseline immediately and 1 month after the intervention (P = 0.001). However, there was nosignificant difference in knowledge scores between groups (P = 0.076(. However, at the immediacyand 1 month after the intervention, the skill score in “Group A” was significantly higher than the“Group B” (P = 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The trainer’s experience of CPR in the actual setting in the transfer of BLSknowledge is not important, but it improved Student’s BSL skill acquisition score.

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Factors associated and knowledge on road traffic accidents, rules among private university students in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, India – A cross‑sectional study

. G. Vijayakrishnan; . P. Priyadharshini; . Balaji Ramraj; . V. V. Anantharaman

Volume 12, Issue 5 , June 2022, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are an emerging public health issue of global concerncausing 1.35 million deaths per year. They are the leading cause of death among 5–29 ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are an emerging public health issue of global concerncausing 1.35 million deaths per year. They are the leading cause of death among 5–29 years whocontribute to the future and current productive population of the country. The outcome of mortalityand permanent disability are public health concerns. We determined the factors associated with RTAsamong medical undergraduates and assessed their knowledge of road traffic rules.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study had 500 medical undergraduates from a tertiary hospitallocated in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu. Data were collected using questions from “Road safetyquestion bank” issued by Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Government of India, sent asGoogle forms to students. Descriptive statistics were used and multivariate analysis was performedto identify risk factors associated with RTAs.RESULTS: The mean age of the students was 21.4 (standard deviation = 1.7) years. About 30.4%of students suffered from RTAs in the past 2 years. Practice of drunken driving and mobile phoneusage showed significant association with RTA occurrence (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regressionrevealed that students crossing speed limits and jumping signals had 3.19 and 2.04 times morerisk of sustaining RTAs. Seventy‑five percent of students had good knowledge on road traffic rules.CONCLUSION: Nearly half the subjects have suffered RTA in the past 2 years. Students who overspeed, jumped signals and used mobile phones while driving sustained more RTAs. Overall, roadtraffic rules knowledge was satisfactory. Students need education on risky driving behaviors andaftermath of crashes.

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Preventive practice, vaccine acceptance, and knowledge toward coronavirus disease‑19: An online cross‑sectional questionnaire‑based report in Iranian dentists

. Morteza Oshagh; . Hooman Zarif Najafi; . Hamid Jafarzadeh; . Faegheh Gholinia; . Kazem Dalaie; . Habib Jahanbazi

Volume 12, Issue 4 , April 2022, , Pages 1-9

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID) is predicted to cause serious mental health problems among healthcare providers (HCPs) especially dentists. Also understanding the influencing factors ...  Read More BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID) is predicted to cause serious mental health problems among healthcare providers (HCPs) especially dentists. Also understanding the influencing factors of the acceptance of COVID‑19 vaccination among HCPs are important aspects in the design of effective strategies to improve the vaccine coverage rate. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, vaccination acceptance, fear, and obsession, as well as the preventive practice behaviors of Iranian dentists and dental students in late 2020 toward COVID‑19.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, web‑based cross‑sectional survey was conducted among Iranian dental students and dentists (general practitioners and specialists). All Iranian dentists and dental students living in the Islamic Republic of Iran regardless of their city and workplace were invited to participate in the study. The total number of dentists in Iran was estimated to be 54,927. The sample size was calculated 380. The questionnaires used in this study were adapted from previously published studies based on the authors’ permission. The questionnaire consisted of four sections that sought to collect information on the respondents’ vaccination acceptance, knowledge, preventive practice, fear, and obsession toward COVID‑19. The relationship between the study variables was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and also multiple linear regression tests.RESULTS: Overall, 394 dentists were filled the questionnaire (65 dental students, 151 general dentists and 178 specialists). There were no differences in terms of vaccination acceptance, knowledge and also fear score in different designation groups. Dentists had significantly higher obsession and also preventive practice scores than other designation groups (P < 0.05). The majority of respondents had good knowledge (more than 9), acceptable preventive practice (more than 19), low fear‑obsession (<2.7), and high acceptance of COVID‑19 vaccination (more than 8.8).CONCLUSIONS: Although obsession and fear scores were low in all designation groups, dentists had higher obsession and also preventive practice scores than other designation groups. More than half of respondents preferred imported COVID‑19 vaccines. Finally, organizations such as the World Health Organization and the Ministry of Public Health in Iran should increase vaccine convenience and accessibility in terms of vaccine importing, distribution, supply, and immunization service.

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Risk Perception in the COVID‑19 pandemic; a health promotion approach

. Maryam Feiz Arefi; . Amin Pouya Babaei; . Somaye Barzanouni; . Sahar Ebrahimi; . Amir Reza Salehi; . Farahnaz Khajehnasiri; . Mohsen Poursadeghian

Volume 12, Issue 4 , April 2022, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Many measures have been taken so far to minimize the outbreak of COVID‑19, but it is still unclear to what extent people have understood the risk. Public participation ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Many measures have been taken so far to minimize the outbreak of COVID‑19, but it is still unclear to what extent people have understood the risk. Public participation plays a vital role in better and effective control of the coronavirus, and the importance of risk perception is effective in their preventive behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the pandemic risk perception of coronavirus disease after began of pandemic in Iranian society.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross‑sectional study was conducted in Iran in spring 2020. The data collection tool was a researcher‑made questionnaire. The questions were extracted through interviews with experts and summarizing the opinions of public interviews, etc., The questionnaire was made available to the public through social media. The information was collected within 3 months. Quantitative data were reported as mean ± standard deviation and the qualitative data were reported as number and percent. Multiple linear regression and cross were also used to examine the demographic factors associated with risk perception. Data Analysis was performed using the SPSS version 21 statistical software.RESULTS: In this study, 402 individuals from 28 provinces (Azarbaijan Gharbi, Azarbaijan Sharghi, Alborz, Ardabil, Bushehr, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Ghazvin, Gilan, Golestan, Hamedan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan Razavi, Khorasan Shomali, Khuzestan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad, Kurdistan, Lorestan, Mazandaran, Semnan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Tehran, Yazd, and Zanjan) of Iran participated. The risk perception score obtained from the sum of the scores of the questions was classified into quartiles. Accordingly, the risk perception score of (22.9) 92 people was very low, (26.6) 107 people low, (26.9) 108 people moderate, and (23.6) 95 people high. The results of multiple linear regression showed that the variables of gender (P = 0.008) and occupation (P = 0.013) had a significant relationship with risk perception. There was no significant relationship between risk perception and variables of age, marital status, and level of education (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: The study showed that the risk perception of the people is more in categories of moderate to high. Assessing the risk perception of a pandemic can be helpful for preventive measurements and planning, and also, according to the results of the research, can be done appropriate educational interventions. Given that 47.5% of respondents were employees, of course, it should be noted that in sending a questionnaire virtually, there is usually a lot of loss and this is a limitation of the research. The results of this study can be useful in making prevention decisions and maintaining safety and health in the workplace.

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Knowledge, awareness, and attitudes toward antibiotic resistance and practice of self‑medication among university students in Bangladesh: A cross‑sectional study

. Gowranga Kumar Paul; . Md. Shalauddin Swapon; . K. M. Kaderi Kibria

Volume 12, Issue 4 , April 2022, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: The prevalence of self‑medication is high in Bangladesh due to easy access and poor regulatory controls over these drugs. Our study aimed to assess the attitude of ...  Read More BACKGROUND: The prevalence of self‑medication is high in Bangladesh due to easy access and poor regulatory controls over these drugs. Our study aimed to assess the attitude of university students in Bangladesh toward antibiotic usage, especially their knowledge and awareness about antibiotics and their resistance. We also evaluated the determinants behind their attempts at drug intake without prescription.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross‑sectional study was conducted in Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University that included information from randomly selected 200 students from 15 departments using a structured questionnaire. The statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS software (version 21) and R programming.RESULTS: The study revealed that 61.0% of the students use self‑medication at different times or always; 32.5% of the respondents keep antibiotics for future use, and 38% of the students think it is right to stop antibiotics when symptoms are improving. Half of the participants (47.5%) use antibiotics based on their previous experience. The criteria of antibiotic selection have a significant relationship with knowledge about antibiotic resistance (P = 0.017) and altered prescribed medicine without doctor’s advice (P < 0.001). The multivariate analysis indicates that respondents who know about antibiotic resistance select antibiotics from the community pharmacists with respect to their own experience 5.102 times higher than those who do not know about antibiotic resistance.CONCLUSIONS: The study mainly explored the knowledge gaps of the students on the options that are responsible for antibiotic resistance in the community and found that students have mid‑level knowledge (66%) about antibiotic resistance.

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Knowledge about attention‑deficit/ hyperactivity disorder among primary schoolteachers in Sharjah, UAE

. Sara Saad; . Farida Aljanahi; . Saravanan Coumaravelou; . Ammar Agha; . Muna Alsamiri; . Sajad Allami

Volume 12, Issue 3 , March 2022, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Teachers’ knowledge and awareness about the signs and symptoms, behavioral problems, and treatment are imperative to handling children with attention‑deficit/hyperactivity disorder ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Teachers’ knowledge and awareness about the signs and symptoms, behavioral problems, and treatment are imperative to handling children with attention‑deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the school. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge about ADHD among primary schoolteachers in Sharjah, UAE.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross‑sectional study, a convenient sampling method was used to collect data from 239 teachers working in private schools and 25 teachers working at the public schools in Sharjah. A self‑administered questionnaire was used to measure the sociodemographic characteristics and the Knowledge of Attention‑Deficit Disorders Scale was used to measure the knowledge about ADHD. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential methods.RESULTS: Private schoolteachers have more knowledge about ADHD than public Schoolteachers (P = 0.016). Teachers obtain information about ADHD through educational workshops (32%), social media (23%), friends and relatives (12%), TV and radio (9%), scientific journals (8%), campaigns (7%), and other sources (9%) such as the Internet, lectures, personal experience, and reading. Most of the teachers (56.3%) have knowledge about the signs and symptoms of ADHD, whereas teachers’ knowledge about the associated features and treatment of ADHD is 34.4% and 34.1%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Teachers’ level of knowledge about ADHD‑associated features and treatment was inadequate in Sharjah. Hence, enhancing knowledge about ADHD by providing various training workshops and conducting social events, and campaigns are warranted to enhance their knowledge on ADHD.

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Sexual and reproductive health knowledge among primary school students in Malaysia

. Shih‑Hui Lee; . Kee‑Jiar Yeo

Volume 12, Issue 3 , March 2022, , Pages 1-9

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: There is limited research on sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge level among very young adolescents aged between 10 and 14 years. Policy makers and educators ...  Read More BACKGROUND: There is limited research on sexual and reproductive health (SRH) knowledge level among very young adolescents aged between 10 and 14 years. Policy makers and educators are unable to address very young adolescents’ SRH needs without proper understanding of their SRH knowledge. Thus, the objective of this study is to explore very young adolescents’ SRH knowledge level and the influences of demographic variables on the respondents’ SRH knowledge level in Malaysian primary schools.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross‑sectional study involved 617 primary five students who were recruited through multistage sampling method from the state of Johor, Malaysia. A self‑administered questionnaire (Cronbach’s α = 0.81) which comprised of 38 items related to puberty, HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases, prevention of child sexual abuse and reproductive systems and reproduction was used. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to examine the association between demographic variables and student’s SRH knowledge.RESULTS: Based on the results, 28.5% of the respondents had unsatisfactory level of SRH knowledge. Among the four dimensions, the respondents had more knowledge on prevention of child sexual abuse but displayed poorer knowledge on HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases topic. The findings indicated female (odd ratio [OR] = 1.464) and Indian respondents (OR = 3.208) are more likely to exhibit poor SRH knowledge which suggested demographic factors exert some extent of influence on primary school children’s SRH knowledge.CONCLUSION: The findings provide useful insights for the policy makers and educators seeking to improve the comprehensiveness of culturally accepted sexuality education which are essential in promoting young adolescents’ well‑being.

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Learning out of the box: Fostering intellectual curiosity and learning skills among the medical students through gamification

. Mohan Bilikallahalli Sannathimmappa,; . Vinod Nambiar; . Rajeev Aravindakshan

Volume 12, Issue 3 , March 2022, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Gamification involving application of elements of game play that provides unique opportunities to learners to sail through complex medical concepts is gaining importance ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Gamification involving application of elements of game play that provides unique opportunities to learners to sail through complex medical concepts is gaining importance in medical education. The current study was aimed at assessing the perception of medical students regarding checkerboard game in enhancing learning process.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present prospective cross‑sectional study was conducted at the microbiology department. The fifth-year medical students of the academic year 2018–19 were the participants. Pre‑ and post‑test scores and self‑administered questionnaire regarding effectiveness of the checkerboard game‑based learning were used as assessing tools. The data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed using SPSS version 20. The pre‑ and post‑test scores of students were statistically analyzed using paired t test. A descriptive analysis on the 3‑point Likert scale of effectiveness survey was measured and expressed in percentages.RESULTS: In total, 124 fifth-year medical students participated in the study. Majority (89.5%) of them liked the game, nearly 86% opined that game was enjoyable and created interest. Approximately 88% indicated game helped them to understand the topic, enhanced learning, and thus improved the knowledge. Most students (79%) also believed that game encouraged critical thinking and problem solving, while 75% felt that it improved their communication skills. Around 70% felt that game was also useful for exam preparation and nearly 90% recommended to use the game more frequently.CONCLUSION: From the results of the study, it can be concluded that checkerboard game‑based learning method is effective in fostering learning process and cognition of medical students in the microbiology course.

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The relationship between health‑related quality of life of students at Tehran University of Medical Sciences and their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding COVID‑19 in 2020

. Reza Heidari‑Soureshjani; . Tayeb Mohammadi; . Ali Hashemi‑Shahraki; . Roya Khorrami Estakhri; . Arezoo Rasti

Volume 12, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 1-11

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Present study attempts to investigate health‑related quality of life (HRQoL) and its relation with knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of students of Tehran ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Present study attempts to investigate health‑related quality of life (HRQoL) and its relation with knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) during this pandemic.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross‑sectional study which was conducted between 23 may to 21 June 2020, 470 students in different levels of TUMS were included to the study randomly. participants completed validate, designed online questionnaire which assessed KAP towards coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) and HRQoL. All statistical tests were applied, including Chi‑square and Fisher’s exact test, Partial correlation, analysis of variance, multiple linear regression, multiple binary and multinomial logistic regression models (P < 0.05) and were performed in SPSS 16, R 4.0.2, and GraphPad Prism 6.0 softwares.RESULTS: A total of 470 students were included in the study. The overall correct answer rate of the COVID‑19 knowledge questionnaire was 74.43% and total score of the HRQoL was 72.50 (14.85). 61.7% of the students were agreed that COVID‑19 will finally be successfully controlled, 44.3% had confidence that Iran can win the battle against the COVID‑19, and 92.6% agreed that Quarantine will reduce the prevalence of COVID‑19. Most of them adhered to health protocols and about a relation between HRQoL and knowledge we have a weak positive and unsignificant correlation between them (r = 0.05, P = 0.27).CONCLUSIONS: TUMS students showed expected levels of knowledge, proper attitudes, and preemptive practices regarding COVID‑19, whereas COVID‑19 outbreak substantially affected the physical and mental health but, the students were in a way better physical health rather than mental. Therefore, motivational planning and other related intervention to improve mental health can be noticeable.

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Comparison of two new educational techniques on knowledge of nurses about cerebrovascular accident nursing care in emergency department

. Zahra Dehghan; . Nasrollah Alimohammadi

Volume 12, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 1-5

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: One of the important challenges faced by health‑care system is to raise the level of knowledge of nurses about cerebrovascular accident(CVA) nursing care in the emergency ...  Read More BACKGROUND: One of the important challenges faced by health‑care system is to raise the level of knowledge of nurses about cerebrovascular accident(CVA) nursing care in the emergency department. Therefore, the aim of this study was comparison of two new educational techniques (noninteractive multimedia learning and workshop) on knowledge of nurses about CVA nursing care in the emergency department.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This experimental study was conducted with a two‑group design. Sixty‑four eligible nurses working in the emergency department in selected hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, were selected as the study participants. Nurses were randomly assigned into two groups of noninteractive multimedia (n = 32) and workshop (n = 32) using random number table. The data‑gathering tools including a demographic questionnaire (6 items) and knowledge questionnaire (24 items) were completed before and 2 weeks after the intervention in both the groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 and descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (ANOVA, independent t‑test, and paired t‑test). The level of statistical significance was P ≤ 0.05.RESULTS: The result shows that independent t‑test showed that there was not a significant difference between the mean total scores of nurses’ knowledge before intervention in the two groups (P > 0/05). Furthermore, the results of paired t‑test showed a significant difference in the knowledge score 2 weeks after compared to before the education in both the groups (P < 0.005). In addition, the results of independent t‑test showed a significant difference in the knowledge score 2 weeks after the intervention in the two groups (P < 0.005). The average knowledge score in the workshop group was significantly higher than in noninteractive multimedia learning group.CONCLUSION: According to the result, new educational techniques such as noninteractive multimedia learning and workshop could improve knowledge of nurses about CVA nursing care in the emergency department.

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Factors associated with knowledge of health care workers toward COVID‑19 in health facilities West Guji zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2020

. Zelalem Jabessa Wayessa; . Wako Golicha Wako

Volume 12, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 1-11

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Coronavirus pandemic puts healthcare workers (HCWs) at high risk and challenges the abilities of healthcare systems to respond to the crisis. This study aimed to assess ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Coronavirus pandemic puts healthcare workers (HCWs) at high risk and challenges the abilities of healthcare systems to respond to the crisis. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of HCWs and associated factors in West Guji zone public health facilities in southern Ethiopia.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A health facility‑based quantitative cross‑sectional study was undertaken from June 10 to July 10, 2020. Two hundred and eighty‑three HCWs were involved in the study using a systematic sampling method. The instrument was pretested on 5% of the sample in Yabello Hospital. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS: The HCW who had good knowledge was 84.7%. HCWs who had degree holders, masters and above holders, work experience of 2–4 years, and >4 years of experiences, had training on Coronavirus, and medical diseases were significantly associated with good knowledge of Coronavirus.CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated that HCWs’ knowledge about the Coronavirus was good. Improving the educational status of HCWs and giving updated training on the Coronavirus will improve HCW’s knowledge of the Coronavirus.

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Knowledge and performance of the Iranian general population in the use of masks during the 2019 coronavirus

. Seyedeh Tahereh Mirmolaei; . Mehrnaz Geranmayeh; . Hamid Salehiniya; . Azam Mohammadi; . Marzieh Ebrahimi

Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2022, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: The use of personal protective equipment (especially face masks) has increased indifferent communities amid the COVID‑19 pandemic. Therefore, the present study aimed to ...  Read More BACKGROUND: The use of personal protective equipment (especially face masks) has increased indifferent communities amid the COVID‑19 pandemic. Therefore, the present study aimed to assessknowledge and performance of Iranian general population in wearing face masks.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study is a cross‑sectional study conducted using a validand reliable questionnaire on 1843 eligible individuals. The questionnaires were shared by Link (www.porsall.com) in groups and social networks. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 24.0, SPSSInc., Chicago, IL).RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 42.84 years (standard deviation: 16.84). Themajority had inadequate and low knowledge of masks (69.2%), nearly 30% had moderate (30.1%),and few had adequate and high knowledge of masks. The individuals’ knowledge on when to weara mask was also assessed and the results showed poor and low in 42.2%, 46.9% moderate andhigh performance in 10.7%. The participants’ performance on how to properly wear a mask was alsoassessed and 12% showed poor, 69.3% showed moderate, and 18.7% showed high performance.Safe removal of masks was also assessed, and the results showed 52% low and poor, 27.6%moderate, and 20.3% high performance. A significant and direct correlation was found between theoverall score knowledge and performance regarding use of masks (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: The results showed poor to moderate knowledge and performance of majority ofIranian general population regarding the masks. Therefore, further effective training courses andaction plans are needed in Iran given the importance of masks for the prevention of COVID‑19,especially in public places. Educational package about how to use the mask and its benefits, throughthe media and health centers is recommended.

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Knowledge and attitude toward professional ethics: A study among Iranian medical and nursing students’

. Poria Hoseinialiabadi; . Ali Omidi; . Mansour Arab; . Zohreh Makarem; . Mojtaba Jafari

Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2022, , Pages 1-5

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Professional ethics is a set of principles and standards of human behavior thataffect individual behavior and leads to improve care that provided by medical staff. The presentstudy ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Professional ethics is a set of principles and standards of human behavior thataffect individual behavior and leads to improve care that provided by medical staff. The presentstudy examined the knowledge and attitude of medical and nursing students toward professionalethics in Iran.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive‑analytic study was carried out on 176 medical andnursing students in Bam University of Medical Science, Iran in 2019. In this study, students wereselected by census sampling. Data collected using two researcher‑made questionnaires related toknowledge and attitude toward professional ethics. Data were analyzed in SPSS software.RESULTS: The mean scores of knowledge among nursing and medical students were 86.56 (8.76)and 85.10 (12.19), respectively. The mean score of attitude among nursing and medical studentswas 127.06 (12.45) and 129.9 (11.88), respectively. Results of the Pearson correlation test showed apositive and significant associated between the score of knowledge and attitude nursing and medicalstudents’ (P < 0.001), (r = 0.76) (r = 0.66). Among the demographics characteristics, student agewas associated to their attitude and knowledge significantly (P = 0.03).CONCLUSION: Iranian nursing and medical students have a positive attitude and a high level ofknowledge about professional ethics. A high level of knowledge was related to the most positiveattitude.

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A descriptive cross-sectional study on COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, and practices of South Indian population

. Shakeer Kahn Patan; . Sravana Deepthi Chittem; . Pallavi Madithati; . Bayapa Reddy Narapureddy; . Chandra Sekhar Chittooru; . Kalyan Viswanath Reddy Lingala; . Kumar Gular

Volume 11, Issue 10 , November 2021, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: The 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) started as an epidemic latertransformed into a pandemic causing a threat to public health globally.  Any community to fightthe ...  Read More BACKGROUND: The 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) started as an epidemic latertransformed into a pandemic causing a threat to public health globally.  Any community to fightthe COVID-19 pandemic requires adequate knowledge, attitude of the people, and practice of thegovernment-imposed laws and regulations. Based on these factors, we framed the objectives tofind the sociodemographic profile of the study group and to assess their knowledge, attitude, andpractice (KAP) toward COVID-19. These results will help the health planners and administrators ineach state to find out the gap in health education efforts.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on SouthIndian population to know KAP toward COVID-19. A convenient sampling technique was used tocollect the data using Google forms, and analysis was done using the SPSS software version 21.The questionnaire includes sociodemographic information, KAP questions toward COVID-19, andperception toward national and community responses.RESULTS: A total of 1644 were participated; the average knowledge score was 17.5 (+1.9).Most of them (92.9%) respondent’s perceived that early detection will have a better outcome fromCOVID-19, whereas the knowledge compared with practice, there is a significant difference Pearsoncorrelation (0.404) P is < 0.001.CONCLUSIONS: Although a high level of knowledge on COVID-19 in the public gradually decreasingthe practice of preventive measures, the government should continue the consistent efforts to changethe behavioral communication and motivate the public social responsibility to adhere to the healthprotocols, masking, hand hygiene, social distancing, and vaccination to prevent expected COVID-19subsequent episodes.

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