Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Abstract Background and Objectives: Pregnancy is one of the most important and risky periods in
mothers and the fetus life, which plays a key role in health and social activity of the person,
family and community. This study is trying to see if there is a relation between increasing
weight and urinary tract infection (UTI) in pregnancy by using the open nested case‑control
study in the city of Shahrekord. Materials and Methods: In a nested case‑control study,
one cohort including 832 patients was examined until week 26 to 30 of pregnancy and their
UTIs were studied. The required information was collected by examining the health records
of pregnant women and completion of the data registration forms. Data collection was
controlled by using SPSS and analyzed by using an independent t‑test, Chi‑square test,
Pearson correlation and logistic regression. Results: According to the results of the cohort
study with 832 individuals, average weight gain of the group with a UTI was 11.13 ± 3.9 kg
and it was 10.63 ± 3.9 kg in the group without UTI, showing no statistically significant
difference (P = 0.245). According to the results, genitourinary problems had the highest
predictive value for UTIs and the numbers of infertility and the childbirth variables were in
the second and third positions, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results study
we can conclude that screening and treatment of UTIs have been on time and appropriate
in health systems of the city of Shahrekord which have lead to the reduction of infant and
maternal diseases even with the condition in having no UTI, and continuing this process for
screening and treatment is recommended.

Abstract Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the intake of
different food groups by pregnant mothers and neonatal low birth weight and premature
births. Materials and Methods: In this cohort, the target population was 225 pregnant women,
randomly selected from different geographical areas of the city of Isfahan, Iran (from April to
September, 2012). The main variables in the study were weight and gestational age of the
neonates and the type and amount of different food groups used by the mothers. All nutritional
variables were compared according to different groups of infants (normal, premature, and low
birth weight). In the multivariate analysis, multiple linear and logistic regression models were
used to identify those different food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) variables independently
associated with the newborn’s weight and gestational age, adjusted by maternal consumption
of calcium supplementation, folic acid, and omega‑3, during pregnancy. Results: A total
of 214 (47.7% boys) infants with complete information were included. They had a mean
gestational age of 38.72 ± 1.2 weeks. The mean birth weight was 3.11 ± 0.384 kg. The
percentages of premature and low birth weight (LBW) infants were 7 and 5%, respectively. At
multiple logistic regression controlling for potentially confounding factors that were significantly
associated with prematurity and LBW at univariate analysis (maternal consumption of calcium
supplementation, folic acid, and omega‑3, during pregnancy), type of nutritional groups
containing dairy products, proteins, fish, and shrimp group, as well as fruits and vegetables,
had a significant positive association with increasing the gestational age (P < 0.05). The group
that consumed proteins, fish, and shrimp, as well as fruits and vegetables had a significant
positive association with the newborn’s weight (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study indicated
the importance of proper nutrition on reducing the rates of LBW and premature births.
Comprehensive educational programs at
individual and public levels are warranted in
this regard.

Abstract Introduction: The present study was connected in order to evaluate the relationship between
biological, cognitive and psychosocial characteristics of mothers and the weight of infant at
the time of birth. Materials and Methods: In order to conduct this research a sample of 910
women among recently delivered mothers of Isfahan province in 2009 were selected. From
stratified sampling and cluster sampling according to the percentage of population in each of
the cities of Isfahan Province was used. The data was gathered with a questionnaire prepared
by the researcher in order to evaluate the biological cognitive and psychosocial characteristics
of mothers, in addition to the Enrich marital satisfaction test. After collecting data, the analysis of
the data was done with SPSS software in two categories of descriptive and inferential statistics
by using logistic regression model. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of low
weight infants was 9.5 percent and 38.7 percent of pregnancies was unwanted. Twenty‑nine
percent of mothers had marital dissatisfaction. 15/6 percent of pregnancies were below
20 years old and 22 percent was above of 35 years old. 38.9 percent of mothers were exposed
to cigarette smoke. The average of weight gain during pregnancies was 9 kilograms. Thirty
three percent of mothers had high blood pressure during pregnancy, 26.7 percent had history
of abortion and 31.9 percent had history of bleeding. 23/1percent of women was employed
during pregnancy, 19.8 percent gave twin birth and 21/1 percent of parents were relative of
each other, 29.7 percent of deliveries were done in cesarean way. Conclusion: The results
of this study showed that severe marital dissatisfaction, abnormal blood pressure during
pregnancy, being employed during pregnancy, weight gain less than 5 Kg during pregnancy,
pregnancy below the age of 20 can meaning fully increase the possibility of low birth weight in
infant (α=0.05). The results were consisting with the previous findings and indicated that some
of the applicable benefits of this research can be recording of information about each delivery
in the whole country with holding training
workshops of before and during pregnancy
skills by welfare organization.