Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Abstract BACKGROUND: Workplace causes tress which negatively affects the physical as well as the
emotional well‑being of individuals. However, it is widely reported in the literature that a number of
factors have received significant attention in the professional life, stressing their significance to the
individual’s psychological, social, and professional life.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research is a descriptive that study adopted a quantitative
method, involving 40 female teachers. A survey method was randomly distributed to teachers who
are identified to have worked with students with disability using randomly sampling, and data were
then exposed to the descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation.
RESULTS: The results showed that respondents had good psychological resilience level with
moderate occupational stress level. Furthermore, a significant correlation between psychological
resilience and occupation stress is supported.
CONCLUSION: The present study indicated that the participants have acceptance level of
psychological resilience which helps them to reduce their stress when performing their work. The
study, therefore, encouraged decision academicians to regularly organize several positive counseling
and psychological training to the teachers.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Physical education is undergoing a major transformation period that leads that
school discipline to influence the lifestyles of young people to help them adopt behaviors conducive to
their well health and well‑being. Health education (HE) integrates with various intervention strategies
in the field of health such as disease prevention and health promotion. In schools, the HE comes
in many forms and in relation to several disciplines. Our study focuses on the current situation of
HE in physical and sports education (PSE) in middle school. Specifically, the research question we
developed is: “What is the contribution of the PSE to the HE of middle school students?”
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative research was carried in Marrakech. Semi‑structured
interviews were conducted with ten PSE teachers after receiving their informed consent. Deductive
content analysis was used in this study.
RESULTS: Among the main results, there is a certain diversity of teachers’ representations on HE
and PSE. These teachers say mobilize PSE to contribute to the HE of students. However, it was noted
that their teaching practices are at odds with the perspective of the inclusion of HE in the field of PSE.
CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of a clear vision concerning physical activity and sport in relation to
“healthy” and “active” schools, it seems very unlikely to influence the thoughts and practices of HE
teachers; strongly attached, as they often are, to their representations of their discipline.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common disorder in child
psychiatry, which has a greater impact on the future life of the children affected in case of being
untreated and undiagnosed. Given the undeniable role of teachers in improving this disorder and
preventing its destructive consequences on children, the present research has examined the
knowledge, attitude, and practice of elementary school teachers regarding ADHD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross‑sectional study carried out in 2019.
One hundred and twenty teachers were randomly selected as samples among public and private
schools in three districts of Isfahan. Data were collected by a self‑administrated questionnaire
including demographic variables, knowledge, attitude, and practice of teachers regarding ADHD
and were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics. The Spearman’s and Kendall’ correlation
coefficient, t‑test, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov test were employed, and P < 0.50 was considered
statistically significant.
RESULTS: The findings indicated that 65% of teachers had favorable knowledge toward ADHD, 50%
of them had a favorable attitude, and 56% of their practice was desirable. The questionnaire showed
that only their knowledge about ADHD symptoms was desirable, but their knowledge about cause
of the disorder and its treatment was not sufficient. There was an inverse relationship between the
knowledge, attitude, and practice of teachers with age, and between education and having a child, a
significant direct relationship was discovered. Teachers of public schools compared to private school
teachers had significantly better knowledge, attitude, and practice.
CONCLUSION: Teachers’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding ADHD was relatively high.
However, it is necessary to educate teachers about etiology and methods of treatment of this disorder
and behavior management of these students, especially private school teachers who need more
education.

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIM: Spirituality in education, as a necessity in improving the quality of
teaching and learning, is affected by various personal, social, religious, and cultural factors. Since
the identification of these factors can empower the faculties and facilitate the transfer of spiritual
concepts through teaching, the aim of this study is explanation of the factors affecting the spirituality
transfer in education process.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative content analysis approach study included 22
faculty members of medical universities, 25 faculty members of seminary, and 19 medical students
interested in participating in the study. They were studied according to purposive sampling method.
Data collection was done by interviewing a semi‑structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using
conventional content analysis method.
RESULTS: The factors influencing the spiritual transfer in teaching process were classified into two
main forms of teacher‑related factors and peripheral‑related factors. Teacher‑related factors include
the teacher’s insight and worldview, adherence to religious principles, belief in ethical virtues, the
positive and constructive interaction of the teacher with the student, and the mastery of teaching
skills. The peripheral‑related factors include the highly skilled classrooms and the talented learners.
CONCLUSION: The intensification of the insight, religious worldview and the basic of beliefs,
consolidating ethics and empowering faculty members in teaching skills along with building a
positive and constructive relationship with the students, as well as institutionalizing spirituality as
the inseparable teaching element can facilitate the transfer of spirituality concepts. More studies are
needed in this regard.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Student evaluation of teaching (SET) is considered to be one of the most important
as well as inexpensive resources for sustaining professional development in medical teaching. The aim
of this project was to improve the quality of education in our medical college by using student feedback
as a tool for faculty development. However, it is also important to obtain teachers’ perceptions on SET.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an educational research study conducted on a single
practical/tutorial batch of fourth‑semester students in pathology chosen by random selection.
Feedback regarding teaching was collected for all the teachers in the department of pathology
where the students had to rate the teachers on a scale of 1–5. Teachers’ perceptions on students’
feedback were gathered with the help of another structured prevalidated questionnaire containing
15 questions/items. The feedback data were obtained using a 5‑point Likert scale. The scores
obtained from the students’ evaluation data and the teachers’ perception data on the different items
were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0.
RESULTS: Significant findings from students’ feedback were that 80% of teachers had a median
score of >4 in explicit curriculum, indicating that most of the students agreed that the teachers teach
their core subject well. However, only 20% of teachers had a median score >4 in implicit curriculum.
Teachers, in their feedback, fully agreed that students should be involved in the evaluation of teachers
and that student feedback ensures the overall faculty development in the institute and can be used
as a tool for quality assurance in medical education.
CONCLUSION: Students’ feedback is one of the best methods of evaluation of teachers to ensure
the overall faculty development and quality assurance in medical education. Thus, a regular feedback
mechanism should be in place for the entire institution.

Abstract Background: The physical activity in teaching faculties is an important aspect to maintain
good health. This not only prevents the various non - communicable diseases but also has
role in secondary prevention of diseases. It is also proven that the growing epidemic of
obesity mostly in children is linked to recent decline in physical activity levels both in home,
school and working places. Social class is thought to have a bearing on physical activity. On
basis of this, the survey was done to assess the physical activity levels in higher social class
population i.e. on teaching faculty of Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka,
India. Materials and Methods: Questionnaire study was implemented in 2010 as the design of
this research without any manual intervention. No experiment was conducted in the research.
Questions were specific and related to the physical activities in home and also in working
environment. Results: The study found that in medical college the lifestyle is restricted mostly
to sedentary and moderate work. Most of faculties were using bike and cars to reach there
working place and also we found the physical activities in the form of exercise and sports activity
were lacking. Discussion: In addition to the importance of a physical activity professional’s
potential influence on others as a model, engaging in a physically active lifestyle is very
important for personal reasons. Achieving and maintaining a health-enhancing level of physical
fitness is one of the basic standards for good teaching and maintaining good health. Physical
activity in professionals leads to both personal health benefits, and improve job satisfaction.
Conclusion: Infrastructure improvements such as sports activity in colleges among faculties,
combined with regular exercise provide additional physical activity that would help reduce
obesity and non-communicable diseases.

Abstract Introduction: Teachers are one of the most influential groups in elevating social health, and their
teaching nutritional points to the students can both affect students’ awareness and the transferring
of such nutritional education to the families. This study was undertaken tosurvey the influence of
nutrition and nutritional health education on the awareness of female elementary school teachers.
Materials and Methods: Fifty‑seven female elementary school teachers were chosen from the
Ferdows City for this quasi‑experimental study. Prior to the outset of the educational workshop,
they were asked to fill out a questionnaire about nutrition and nutritional health, which was followed
by the two‑day workshop. After two months, they were given a second questionnaire. The results
were analyzed by paired t‑test, ANOVA, and McNemar. In all the tests, a significance level a = 0.05
was considered. Results: Findings of the study showed that the mean score of awareness before
interference was 10.98%, which reached up to 18.2% after the interference (P< 0.001). With regard
to theimportance of breakfast intake, the teachers’ awareness increased from 57.9 to 98.2% from
before to after intervention, respectively. Conclusion: Applying interventional methods of education
in teacher training centers in conjunction with medical and educational centers, with regard to
nutrition and nutritional health, can elevate the health of students.