Journal of Education and Health Promotion

High school basic life support training: Is the trainer’s experience of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the actual setting important? A randomized control trial

. Ali Sanati; . Ali Ansari Jaberi; . Tayebeh Negahban Bonabi

Volume 12, Issue 5 , June 2022, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Although basic life support (BLS) has been taught in school by a varietyof professionals, it is still unclear that, whether the instructor’s previous cardiopulmonaryresuscitation ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Although basic life support (BLS) has been taught in school by a varietyof professionals, it is still unclear that, whether the instructor’s previous cardiopulmonaryresuscitation (CPR) experience is an important factor. This study aimed to compare the effect ofBLS training, based on trainer experience in actual situations, on knowledge and skills of secondaryhigh school students.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 150 high school students wereselected based on the inclusion criteria and then assigned into two groups, (76 in Group A), and (74in Group B) randomly. Both groups were trained according to adult BLS: 2020 American HeartAssociation guidelines on mannequins in three 60 min in‑person training sessions. The knowledgeand skill scores were measured for both groups before, immediately, and 1 month after interventionby a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the SPSS software version 22, using Chi‑square,Mann–Whitney U, repeated‑measure ANOVA tests, and statistically modeling at a significancelevel of 0.05.RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups regarding demographiccharacteristics. The knowledge and skill scores in both groups increased significantly comparedto baseline immediately and 1 month after the intervention (P = 0.001). However, there was nosignificant difference in knowledge scores between groups (P = 0.076(. However, at the immediacyand 1 month after the intervention, the skill score in “Group A” was significantly higher than the“Group B” (P = 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The trainer’s experience of CPR in the actual setting in the transfer of BLSknowledge is not important, but it improved Student’s BSL skill acquisition score.

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Benefits of simulation‑based education in hospital emergency departments: A systematic review

. Shandiz Moslehi; . Gholamreza Masoumi; . Fahimeh Barghi-Shirazi

Volume 12, Issue 1 , January 2022, , Pages 1-10

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: The emergency department is one of the most important parts of all hospitals. Forthis reason, many simulation programs are performed in this department to increase the knowledge,skills, ...  Read More BACKGROUND: The emergency department is one of the most important parts of all hospitals. Forthis reason, many simulation programs are performed in this department to increase the knowledge,skills, and productivity of health‑care workers. The purpose of this study was to identify the benefitsof simulation in hospital emergency departments.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present systematic study, using “AND” and “OR” operators, wesearched for the keywords “benefits,” “simulation,” and “hospital emergency department” in PubMed,Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar as well as Persian language databases such SID, Magiran,Irandoc, and Iran Medex. Then, a three‑step screening process was used to select studies relevantto simulation and hospital emergency from 2005 to 2021 using the PRISMA checklist, and finally,the obtained data were analyzed.RESULTS: A total of three main groups, each with several subgroups, were extracted and identifiedas the benefits of using simulation in hospital emergency departments. They included improvingthe diagnosis of the disease (rapid prediction of the disease, rapid diagnosis, and patient triage),improving the treatment process (improvement of treatment results, anticipation of admission anddischarge of patients, acceleration of interventions, and reduction of medical errors), and improvingknowledge and skills (improvement of the speed of decision‑making, staff’s acquisition of knowledgeand skills, simple, convenient, and low‑cost training, improvement of staff’s preparedness in crisis).CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the present study, it is suggested to develop some trainingprograms in order to help staff upgrade their knowledge and performance as well as acquire practicalskills and also to improve the diagnosis and treatment process in hospital emergency departments.Virtual methods are also proposed to be applied as potential and cost‑effective platforms for learning,teaching, and evaluating the staff of hospital emergency departments.

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Simulated consult and treatment exercise improves radiation oncology trainee confidence and knowledge

. Luca F Valle; . Palak Kundu; . Stephanie M Yoon; . J Daniel Pennington; . Minsong Cao; . Percy P Lee; . Amar U Kishan

Volume 11, Issue 5 , June 2021, , Pages 1-4

Abstract

  Malignant epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) represents the most common indicationfor emergent radiotherapy. First‑year residents must quickly gain competence in managingthis ...  Read More Malignant epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) represents the most common indicationfor emergent radiotherapy. First‑year residents must quickly gain competence in managingthis condition prior to taking call for the department. We sought to develop a hybriddidactic/simulation exercise to assist first‑year radiation oncology residents in developing askillset relevant to treating a MESCC case in an emergency situation. This was a prospective,qualitative survey study conducted at the University of California, Los Angeles, during theyears 2014–2016. Following an introductory lecture during orientation for academic years2014–2016, residents completed a simulated consultation on a patient with suspected MESCC.Subsequently, they worked with radiation therapists to complete the clinical treatmentprocedure (including field placement and manual calculation of monitor units needed todeliver the prescribed dose) to a phantom placed on a linear accelerator. Residents werethen surveyed about whether the exercise increased confidence in their ability to successfullycomplete a consult, and urgent treatment if needed, for MESCC. All residents agreed orstrongly agreed that this exercise had improved this ability, and all agreed or stronglyagreed that the exercise was valuable and should be retained in the curriculum. Simulatedconsultation and treatment of MESCC provides new residents with increased confidence andknowledge regarding this relatively common indication for emergent radiation.

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Effectiveness of video modules in infection control trainings during COVID‑19 pandemic: A quasi‑experimental study in tertiary care institute

. Vanya Singh; . Sakshi Supehia; . Puneet Kumar Gupta; . Himanshu Narula; . Maneesh Sharma; . Komal Devi; . Ashish Ramesh Bhute

Volume 11, Issue 4 , May 2021, , Pages 1-9

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Continuous pertinent trainings for infection prevention and control (IPC) measuresare essential to ensure quality health‑care services along with the safety of the health ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Continuous pertinent trainings for infection prevention and control (IPC) measuresare essential to ensure quality health‑care services along with the safety of the health personnel.Amid the COVID‑19 pandemic, the current study focusses on the utilization of explicated videomodules training of all health‑care personnel of the institute and assessment of the effectiveness ofvideo training for IPC practices during COVID‑19 pandemic.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A quasi‑experimental study, one group pre‑ and posttest design,using Google Questionnaire forms was conducted at a tertiary care center. The training was assistedby trained tutors, and three in‑house videos were demonstrated to the participants regarding specificIPC measures; “Do’s and Don’ts;” “Hand hygiene and personal protective equipment’s (PPE)” and“Environmental cleaning and disinfection.” SPSS software version 23 (IBM Corp., N. Y., USA) wasused for the analysis using the descriptive statistics, Chi‑square test, Fisher’s t‑test, ANOVA, andpost hoc Tukey’s test.RESULTS: The level of knowledge increased significantly by 16% in the posttest. Statisticallysignificant association between the levels of knowledge in pretest as well as posttest scores andage (P < 0.001), designation (P < 0.001), and years of experience (P < 0.001) was identified. Theparticipants were satisfied with the video‑assisted trainings and willing to use videos for revision.CONCLUSIONS: Video‑assisted training modules similar to this study may be utilized to enhancethe knowledge of various cadres of health‑care staff regarding IPC practices.25. Pilieci SN, Salim SY, Heffernan DS, Itani KMF, Khadaroo RG.A randomized controlled trial of video education versus skilldemonstration: Which is more effective in teaching sterile surgicaltechnique? Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2018;19:303‑12.26. KentersN, GottliebT, HopmanJ, Mehtar S, SchweizerML, TartariE,et al. An international survey of cleaning and disinfection practicesin the healthcare environment. J Hosp Infect 2018;100:236‑41.27. Keah KC, Jegathesan M, Tan SC, Chan SH, Chee OM, Cheong YM,et al. Disinfection: Gaps between recommended and actualpractice. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1995;26:795‑8.28. Allen M, Hall L, Halton K, Graves N. Improving hospitalenvironmental hygiene with the use of a targeted multi‑modalbundle strategy. Infect Dis Health 2018;23:107‑13.29. Keithly M, Brame C, Woelfle M, Friedman K. Blending it up:Active learning in a STEM classroom through the use of on‑linematerials. In: Abstracts of Papers of the American ChemicalSociety. Vol. 250. Washington, DC 20036 USA: 1155 16th ST, NW,Amer Chemical Soc; 2015.30. Mouneghi HK, Derakhshan A, Valai N, Mortazavi F. Theeffectiveness of video‑based education on gaining practicallearning skills in comparison with demonstrating method’seffectiveness among university students. J Med Educ 2003;4.

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Comparison of the effect of training academic honesty using two workshop and virtual training methods on the knowledge and attitude of M. S. students

. Pyam Nikjo; . Fatemeh Vizeshfar; . Nahid Zarifsanayee

Volume 11, Issue 4 , May 2021, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Nowadays, one of the most important challenges of the universities and highereducation centers is academic dishonesty among students. Academic dishonesty is done throughcheating, ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Nowadays, one of the most important challenges of the universities and highereducation centers is academic dishonesty among students. Academic dishonesty is done throughcheating, deception, and plagiarism, which creates serious educational, studious, and social problemsfor the students and society. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of virtual andworkshop training on the knowledge and attitude of M. S. students in terms of plagiarism.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research was an applied interventional study of quasi‑experimentaltype having pretest and posttest and the participants of this study included 90 M. S. nursing studentsof Medical Science University of Shiraz in the southwestern part of Iran.RESULTS: The comparison of the three groups indicated that virtual and workshop training, both,developed the knowledge and attitude of students regarding plagiarism; however, the comparisonbetween two methods did not indicate a statistically significant difference.CONCLUSION: Both virtual and workshop training methods had an effect on increasing students’knowledge and attitude. Regarding the positive effect of training academic dishonesty using twoworkshop and virtual training methods, both can be used as efficient and effective methods in trainingdimensions depending on the condition and facilities to prevent and reduce plagiarism in students.

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Training needs assessment of intensive care nurses in Zabol University of Medical Sciences’ Hospitals

. Javad Vatani; . Shima Javadifar; . Mohammad Ali Shahabi Rabori; . Zahra Khanikosarkhizi; . Tayebeh Ilaghinezhad Bardsirii; . Ehsan Mazloumi; . Naser Dehghan; . Ali Sadeghi Moghaddam; . Alireza Khammar; . Mehdi Raei

Volume 11, Issue 3 , March 2021, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: The improvement of the knowledge, skill, and attitude of nurses working at theintensive care unit (ICU) through implementing training need assessment and holding continuousin‑service ...  Read More BACKGROUND: The improvement of the knowledge, skill, and attitude of nurses working at theintensive care unit (ICU) through implementing training need assessment and holding continuousin‑service training courses are of main requisites for providing better health services to the community.Based on this, in the present work, we are looking for the identification and prioritization of the trainingneed of intensive care nurses in the Zabol University of Medical Sciences’ hospitals.MATERIALS AND METHODS: As a cross‑sectional, descriptive study, including two phases ofidentification and prioritization of training needs of ICU nurses, it was conducted by a close‑endedresearcher‑made questionnaire for collecting the data on training needs from the viewpoint nursingofficials, supervisors, and head nurses of the ICU wards in the first phase and a multiple‑choicescientific test plus a checklist for measuring the knowledge and skill of the nurses in the ICU in thesecond phase. In both phases, census method was used for collecting the data. The validity andreliability of data‑gathering tools, mentioned above, were tested and verified before gathering data.Data were analyzed with the descriptive statistics.RESULTS: The results indicated that ventilator setting according to arterial blood gas samplingand interpretation (77.81), cardiac monitoring, detecting dysrhythmia and taking immediateintervention (73.04), ventilator setting according to patient’s respiratory status (68.61), airwaymanagement, oxygenation and intubation (64.39), and adults cardiopulmonary resuscitation (61.77)were the high‑priority training needs of the nurses successively.CONCLUSION: To improve the quality of training programs and upgrading the knowledge, skill,and attitude of nurses working at ICU, the significance and the weight of each training titles shouldbe determined according to the standards and the continuous in‑service training plan along withnurses’ training needs and duties.

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Promoting the psychosocial and communication aspects of nursing care quality using time management skills training

. Jamileh  Farokhzadian; . Sakineh Miri; . Mahboobe Doostkami; . Zahra Rezahosseini; . Parvin Mangolian Shahrbabaki

Volume 10, Issue 12 , December 2020, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Although using time management skills is a major component of nursing professionalpractice, they have not received much attention. Time management training can improve thepsychological ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Although using time management skills is a major component of nursing professionalpractice, they have not received much attention. Time management training can improve thepsychological and communication aspects of nursing care quality. Therefore, this study aimed toevaluate the effect of time management skills training on the psychosocial and communicationaspects of nursing care quality.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This semi‑experimental study was conducted at Valiasr Hospital ofShahr Babak City, Kerman Province, in the Southeast of Iran, during 2018. The study populationconsisted of 100 nurses who were randomly assigned to one of the two groups: an interventiongroup or a control group. To identify and measure the outcomes, nurses’ perceptions of thepsychosocial and communication aspects of care quality were first assessed by the Quality PatientCare Scale (Qualpacs) at pretest. Then, the intervention group received the 2 days of training ontime management skills for 12 h. The posttest outcome data were collected from both the groups 1month after the intervention.RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups with respectto the total mean scores of nursing care quality and its psychosocial and communication aspectsbefore the intervention (t = 1.96, P = 0.09). However, there was a statistically significant differencebetween the two groups in this regard after the intervention, and the mean nursing care quality scoresand its related aspects were improved in the intervention group (t = 5.76, P < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONS: The time management skills training could significantly improve psychosocial andcommunication aspects of nursing care quality. Health‑care managers should allocate facilities toclinical training programs so that health‑care professionals can acquire the time management skills.The higher effectiveness of time management training can be determined by its application in diversedomains of health care.

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The potential beneficial effects of education and familiarity with cesarean section procedure and the operating room environment on promotion of anxiety and pain intensity: A randomized controlled clinical trial

. Jamshid Eslami; . Neda Hatami; . Azadeh Amiri; . Marzieh Akbarzadeh

Volume 10, Issue 9 , September 2020, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Anxiety before and pain intensity after cesarean section is among the factors thatshould be taken into consideration among the candidates for cesarean section. The present ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Anxiety before and pain intensity after cesarean section is among the factors thatshould be taken into consideration among the candidates for cesarean section. The present studyaimed to investigate the effect of familiarity with cesarean section and the operating room environmenton anxiety and pain intensity among the mothers undergoing cesarean section.METHODS: This clinical trial was conducted on 80 women referred to the hospitals affiliated toShiraz University of Medical Sciences for cesarean section in 2018. The participants were randomlydivided into a control (n = 40) and an intervention group (n = 40). The intervention group took partin four educational sessions, while the control group received the hospital’s routine care. The BeckAnxiety Inventory was completed by the two groups before and after the intervention. The McGill PainQuestionnaire was also filled out by the two groups in the ward after the cesarean section. After all,the data were entered into the SPSS software, version 21, and were analyzed using independentt‑test and ANCOVA.RESULTS: The results showed no significant difference between the two groups regarding themean score of anxiety prior to the intervention. After the intervention, the mean score of anxietywas 7.98 ± 3.77 in the intervention group and 19.70 ± 6.45 in the control group, and the differencewas statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Indeed, the mean intensity of pain was 43.98 ± 7.63 in theintervention group and 57.75 ± 10.69 in the control group after the intervention, and the differencewas statistically significant (P < 0.017).CONCLUSION: The patients’ familiarity with cesarean section and the operating room environmentcaused a decline in the anxiety level prior to cesarean section as well as a decrease in the scoreof pain after the operation. Hence, midwives and nurses have to play effective roles in decreasingpregnant women’s anxiety and pain through identification of strategies for empowering them andmanaging their worries.

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The impact of education on attachment skills in the promotion of happiness among women with unplanned pregnancy

. Fahimeh Hasanzadeh; . Maasumeh Kaviani; . Marzieh Akbarzadeh

Volume 10, Issue 8 , August 2020, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Happiness is among the factors that promote mental health in mothers withunplanned pregnancy. The present study aimed to determine the impact of attachment skills trainingon ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Happiness is among the factors that promote mental health in mothers withunplanned pregnancy. The present study aimed to determine the impact of attachment skills trainingon happiness among women with unplanned pregnancy.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This clinical trial was conducted on 84 women with unplannedpregnancy referred to three prenatal clinics in Shiraz in 2018. The participants were randomly dividedinto an intervention group and a control group using permutation block. At first, the participants wererequested to sign written informed consent form, demographic information form, and mental healthquestionnaire. Then, they were asked to complete Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and Cranley’sMaternal-Fetal Attachment Scale. The intervention group received attachment training through six90-min sessions, while the control group underwent the hospital’s routine care. The two groups wererequired to fill out the study questionnaires once more after 4 weeks after the intervention. After all,the data were analyzed using Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, and ANOVA.RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the two groups’ pretest and posttest meanscores of happiness (P = 0.0001). The results showed that in the experimental group, pretraining andposttraining period mean scores were 89.64 (7.2) and 93.13 (6.09), respectively; while in the controlgroup, pretraining and posttraining period mean scores were, respectively, 91.69 (9.96) and 91 (8.82).The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. No significant relationship wasobserved between happiness and the couples’ occupations, number of pregnancies, and numberof miscarriages in the two groups (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: The mean score of happiness increased after the training, being significantly differentfrom that in the control group. Therefore, happiness is a changeable feature that can be promotedamong pregnant women via interventional methods.

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Effectiveness of a training program about bio‑medical waste management on the knowledge and practices of health‑care professionals at a tertiary care teaching institute of North India

. Sukhbir Singh; . Brijender S. Dhillon; . Nityanand, A. K. Shrivastava; . Bhuwan Kumar; . Sudip Bhattacharya

Volume 10, Issue 5 , May 2020, , Pages 1-5

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Training of health‑care providers about the various aspects of biomedicalwaste (BMW) management and handling (M and H) rules can improve the safe disposal of BMWand protect ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Training of health‑care providers about the various aspects of biomedicalwaste (BMW) management and handling (M and H) rules can improve the safe disposal of BMWand protect the patients and public from related hazards.OBJECTIVES: Our study objective was to evaluate the existing knowledge regarding BMWmanagement rules among selected health‑care professionals and to evaluate the impact of trainingprogram on BMW management on the knowledge and practices of health‑care professionals.METHODOLOGY: The training program on BMW management rules was conducted in April 2018.A total of 250 participants were trained. A structured validated questionnaire was used. The datawere analyzed, and the mean score of pre‑ and post‑test was compared by the paired‑t test.RESULTS: Majority of the participants were female (83%) aged 20–30 years (56%). The majorityof the participants were married (74%) and were from urban areas (74%). The mean pretest andposttest score were 14.00 and 19.94 respectively (P < 0.000).CONCLUSION: The structured training on all aspects of BMW management led to statisticallysignificant improvement in the knowledge among health‑care professionals.RECOMMENDATIONS: Such training programs need to be regularly conducted.

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Effectiveness of an oral health training program for school teachers in India: An interventional study

. Charu Khurana; . Harsh Priya; . O. P. Kharbanda; . Upendra S. Bhadauria; . Diptajit Das; . Priyanka Ravi; . Monica Dev DS

Volume 10, Issue 4 , April 2020, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  INTRODUCTION: Schools are a valuable platform for promoting oral health through oral healtheducation as the children spend most of their active time in schools. Training school teachers ...  Read More INTRODUCTION: Schools are a valuable platform for promoting oral health through oral healtheducation as the children spend most of their active time in schools. Training school teachers on oralhealth promotion will help to inculcate healthy oral habits in children during their formative years of life.OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, approach, andaction change of school teachers toward oral health and the impact of this training intervention inimproving their knowledge.MATERIALS AND METHODS: An interventional study was conducted among 50 primaryschool teachers across the country selected by the Ministry of Human Resource Development.A self‑administered, 28‑item questionnaire in Google document format was developed to evaluatethe knowledge and practice of teachers toward oral hygiene before and after the teachers’ trainingprogram. The training was done using a validated training manual on oral health promotion for schoolteachers developed by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Needs assessment for trainingwas conducted 1 week before this training program.STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Wilcoxon signed‑rank test and Mc Nemar tests were used to assess thedifference between the scores before and after oral health education.RESULTS: The needs assessment revealed that majority of the teachers felt the need to participatein oral health promotion training. A significant increase (P < 0.001) in mean knowledge scores ofschool teachers was seen after a 1‑day training program.CONCLUSION: The training improved the knowledge of school teachers on oral health whichindicates that the adopted method of oral health education was well received by the participantsfrom all over the country.

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Quality of training in oral health educational programs: What do primary healthcare providers think?

. Peimaneh Hosseini Dastnaei; . Zahra Saied Moallemi; . Arash Najimi

Volume 10, Issue 3 , March 2020, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

  INTRODUCTION: Due to changes in scientific findings and assigned tasks, continuing educationand other enabling programs are increasingly critical for primary healthcare providers to ...  Read More INTRODUCTION: Due to changes in scientific findings and assigned tasks, continuing educationand other enabling programs are increasingly critical for primary healthcare providers to keep themup‑to‑date in delivering oral health services. Planning these educational courses based on actualPHCPs’ needs is fundamental to provide effective ones. The purpose of this study was to elucidatethe experiences and needs of PHCPs regarding the quality of the oral health training provided incontinuing education and other enabling courses.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A qualitative study with content analysis approach was conducted inNajaf‑Abad, Isfahan, Iran, in 2017. Data were gathered through in‑depth semi‑structured interviewswith 19 primary healthcare providers. The sampling was started with purposeful method and continuedthrough snowball method. Qualitative data were coded and analyzed using MAXQDA (VER 12).RESULTS: Factors affecting the quality of oral health training were categorized into three themes andnine subthemes, including instructor’s related factors (knowledge, skills, and relevant experiences),educational content  (content relevance, content innovation, and content update), and teachingmethods and educational tools (fitting educational contents, covering learners’ needs, and consideringavailable possibilities).CONCLUSION: Instructors with inadequate level of knowledge, skills, and relevant experiences aswell as inappropriate selection of educational content, teaching methods, and educational tools, wererecognized as affecting factors on the quality of oral health training and effectiveness of continuouseducation and enabling programs.

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Impact of a training program on disaster preparedness among paramedic students of a tertiary care hospital of North India: A single‑group, before–after intervention study

. Sudip Bhattacharya; . Amarjeet Singh; . Jayanti Semwal; . Roy Rillera Marzo; . Neha Sharma, Manish Goyal; . Shaili Vyas; . Abhay Srivastava

Volume 10, Issue 1 , January 2020, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  INTRODUCTION: Disaster can occur at any time any place. Disaster preparedness plays an importantrole to reduce the loss of a community/country. The aim of this interventional study ...  Read More INTRODUCTION: Disaster can occur at any time any place. Disaster preparedness plays an importantrole to reduce the loss of a community/country. The aim of this interventional study was to ascertainthe impact of a video‑based educational intervention program on improvement in knowledge andattitude of paramedical students in a hospital.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pre–post study (interventional study design) was conducted onparamedic students. Our study period was 6 months which was divided into Phases I, II, and III. Foradministrative purpose, we included all paramedical students, and our sample size was 119. Thebaseline assessment of knowledge and attitude of paramedic students was done by a pretestedquestionnaire (Observation 1) with having a baseline scoring. After that, intervention Phase 1 wasimplemented, and later, end line observation (Observation 2) was made. Changes in knowledge andattitude were observed by the score difference (Observation 2–Observation 1). Descriptive statisticswere calculated, and the mean of cumulative score was compared using the Wilcoxon signed‑ranktest. We applied Mann–Whitney U‑test for finding associations between dependent variables withan independent variable using SPSS version 22 (IBM, Chicago, USA) software.RESULTS: Our baseline results showed that most of our participants had averageknowledge (54.6%), followed by poor knowledge (24.4%). Approximately one‑fifth (21.0%) of theparticipants had good knowledge regarding disaster preparedness.   A significant improvement wasobserved in cumulative score (P < 0.005). A significant difference was observed in knowledge andattitude with respect to age and courses (P < 0.05). Forty percent of the students responded thatthey would like to get trained by that mock drill, and 26.1% were interested in disaster preparednessworkshops in the future.CONCLUSION: Our present study results indicate that the overall knowledge and attitude level ofthe students was average and required improvement. A similar result was reported in some studiesconducted globally for the same purpose. All of our students perceived that training for disasterpreparedness is necessary for all health facilities, and it is important to have an emergency planand disaster management committee. Regarding training methods, most of our students liked ourinteractive audiovisual method. However, their preferred methods were mock drill and workshops.It can be arranged in the future for them.

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The effect of emotional intelligence training on general health promotion among nurse

. Samira Foji; . Marjan Vejdani; . Hamid Salehiniya; . Razieh Khosrorad

Volume 10, Issue 1 , January 2020, , Pages 1-5

Abstract

  INTRODUCTION: The hospitals are a stressful environment for employees, especially nurses. Stressand other health problems may lead to occupational burnout and reduction of nurses’ ...  Read More INTRODUCTION: The hospitals are a stressful environment for employees, especially nurses. Stressand other health problems may lead to occupational burnout and reduction of nurses’ efficiency.The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence training on healthpromotion of nurses in Sabzevar Hospitals.METHODOLOGY: The current study is a field trial with a random control group. The samplegroup was 135 nurses of Sabzevar Hospitals. They were then divided randomly into experimentaland control groups. First, all of the samples answered the questionnaire of personal information,Bar‑On Emotional Intelligence, and General Health Questionnaire. The first group (intervention)was trained by giving the speech, and the second group (control) did not receive any interventionabout the subject of the study. The experimental group was then trained for the componentsof emotional intelligence and answered the questionnaire again. The significance level wasconsidered as P < 0.05.RESULTS: The results showed that the distribution of qualitative variables in the study was similarand also the scores of emotional intelligence and the dependent variables after intervention in theintervention group had a significant and inverse relationship, meaning that the score of emotionalintelligence decreased with the score of general health score. This could be significant in comparisonto the two groups. Findings showed that emotional intelligence at the beginning of the study inthe intervention and control groups were 35.03 ± 32 and 30.89 ± 33, respectively, and after theintervention, it was 29.68 ± 35 and 42.89 ± 34, respectively. Total general health was 19.76 ± 84 and18.77 ± 77 in the case group before intervention and 14.55 ± 56 in the case group and 17.68 ± 52in the control group, respectively (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Findings indicated the significant mutual effect of emotional intelligence changesand general health variables. It means as the score of emotional intelligence gets more, health scoredecreases and the rate of general health increases.

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Educational system defects and observing professional behavior: A qualitative study

. Fateme Alipour; . Zahra Shahvari; . Fariba Asghari; . Shahram Samadi; . Homayoun Amini

Volume 9, Issue 8 , August 2019, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Observing professional behavior in clinical settings encounters many obstacles.In this research, the effect of defects of the educational system in observing professional ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Observing professional behavior in clinical settings encounters many obstacles.In this research, the effect of defects of the educational system in observing professional behaviorin clinical settings of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) has been investigated.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This qualitative content analysis study was conducted using focusedgroup discussions in TUMS. Twenty‑two focused group discussions with 182 faculty members,medical students, and clinical staff were conducted. Conventional content analysis was used toanalyze the data.RESULTS: One hundred and sixty codes (90 codes from the viewpoint of clinical staff and 70codes from the viewpoint of faculty members and medical students) were extracted. The codes arecategorized into 4 categories and 17 subcategories. The categories include “educators’ imperfections,”“inadequate initial training,” “lack of attention to continuous professional education,” and “lack ofpassion for professionalism education.”CONCLUSION: Greater efforts to empower educators, planning for the effectiveness of initialeducation, and motivating employees might play a role in promoting the observance of professionalbehavior in clinical settings. Professional behavior training should be considered at the entrance intothe system. This education should be strengthened by continuing theoretical and practical training andaddressed by proper supervision. It is also important to focus on attracting the attention of teachersto their own model role in observing professional behavior by others.

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The effect of educational workshop on emergency department nurses’ self‑efficacy in patient training

. Hojjat Sheikhbardsiri; . Syed Hossein Mousavi; . Mohammad Mahdi Doustmohammadi,; . Masoumeh Karimi; . Sahar Salahi

Volume 9, Issue 7 , July 2019, , Pages 1-5

Abstract

  OBJECTIVE: Self‑efficacy is an individual’s self‑perception of one’s ability to perform competentlyand to achieve a task or goal effectively. In the nursing field, self-efficacy ...  Read More OBJECTIVE: Self‑efficacy is an individual’s self‑perception of one’s ability to perform competentlyand to achieve a task or goal effectively. In the nursing field, self-efficacy can be useful in predictingperformance, job satisfaction, or well-being. Therefore, due to the importance of this issue, this studyaimed to determine the effect of educational workshop on nurses’ self‑efficacy along with follow‑upin patient training.METHODS: The study employed a single group quasi‑experimental study with a pretest/posttestdesign and was conducted in one educational hospital supervised by the Kerman University of MedicalSciences in 2016. Nurses’ self‑efficacy was analyzed through a researcher‑made questionnaireprior and after the workshop and along with the follow‑up period (n = 20). Data were analyzed usingdescriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation and analytic statistics such as Pearsoncorrelation coefficient, independent t‑test, paired t‑test, and ANOVA with P ≤ 0.05.RESULTS: This study showed that 1 month after educational workshop, the score of self‑efficacydimensions increased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, results showed that after a 3‑month follow‑up period,self‑efficacy score increased in comparison to preintervention self‑efficacy score. Results showed thatthe total score means of self‑efficacy before the workshop was 59.01 ± 14.91 while postworkshop,self‑efficacy score means was 79.83 ± 11.90.CONCLUSION: The present research results presented that educational workshop may enhanceself‑efficacy among nurses. According to the obtained results, it is recommended that the Ministryof Health, Treatment and Medical Training, in cooperation with nursing institutions responsible fornursing and medical in‑service education adopt necessary measures to enhance self‑efficacy amongemployees in addition to improving patient training condition at medical processes through similarworkshops or conducting related studies.

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Effect of workshop training along with simulation and support of labor practitioners on their attitude and performance in conducting routine episiotomy

. Mitra Eftekhari Yazdi; . Mostafa Rad; . Marzie Torkmannejad Sabzevari

Volume 9, Issue 6 , June 2019, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  INTRODUCTION: Routine episiotomy is a common procedure to shorten the second stage of labor.The attitude of individuals is an important factor in episiotomy, which is often carried ...  Read More INTRODUCTION: Routine episiotomy is a common procedure to shorten the second stage of labor.The attitude of individuals is an important factor in episiotomy, which is often carried out withoutan indication. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of education and support of laborpractitioners on their attitude and performance in conducting routine episiotomy.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a quasi‑experimental study. A sample of 66 midwives,physicians, and midwifery faculty members were selected through the convenience sampling method.The data collection instrument was the questionnaire of personnel’s attitude toward episiotomy. Thisquestionnaire was completed by the participants before and 3 months after the intervention. A 16‑hworkshop about the education of natural childbirth for 2 days was performed on the experimentalgroup. Data analysis was performed using paired t‑test and Pearson’s correlation test.RESULTS: The findings showed that mean attitude of the participants toward episiotomy was50.5 ± 1.58 before the intervention, which changed to 61.18 ± 2.5 after the intervention, demonstratinga significant difference between the attitude of the participants before and after the intervention usingpaired t‑test (P < 0.001). In terms of the performance of the midwives, participating in the research,there was a significant decrease in the number of deliveries without episiotomy.CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of the study, education and support of midwifery personnelcan change the attitude and performance of these individuals in conducting a routine episiotomy,thereby reducing the number of child deliveries without episiotomy.

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Evaluating the Knowledge and Practices of Nurses and Paramedics in Blood Transfusion Services – A survey in the states of Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry, India

. Raj Bharath Rudrappan

Volume 9, Issue 2 , February 2019, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  BACKGROUND: Blood transfusion service is an important part of our healthcare system whoseaim is to provide safe, effective blood components for the patient’s requirement. The ...  Read More BACKGROUND: Blood transfusion service is an important part of our healthcare system whoseaim is to provide safe, effective blood components for the patient’s requirement. The laboratorytechnicians and nurses working in the blood bank form the core for the effective functioning of bloodbank. The study was to analyze the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses and paramedics suchas laboratory technicians working in blood banks and whether intervention of a training program hadany benefit to the participants.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted in our department which is a regionaltraining center approved by the National AIDS Control Organization for training medical officers,laboratory technicians, and staff nurses working in blood banks. There were a total number of 48government run hospital blood banks who participated in the study and we conducted six trainingprograms for 43 nurses and 64 laboratory technicians working in blood banks from the southernstates of Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry in India. The training program was for 5 days for techniciansand 3 days for nurses with theory sessions followed by hands on practical classes regarding thedaily activities in blood bank. They were given a pre‑evaluation questionnaire to test their knowledge,attitude, and practice followed by a post evaluation questionnaire after conducting the trainingprogram.RESULTS: The mean percentage score in the pre evaluation test before the training programfor nurses and technicians was 47% and 53% while after the training program; the meanpercentage was 66.8% and 77% which was statistically significant in both the groups. Thecorrect blood bank practices followed by nurses and laboratory technicians overall were 67% and75%, respectively. The technicians and nurses scored poorly in blood bank practices related tohemovigilance.DISCUSSIONS: Regular and standardized training can lead to improvements in the knowledge,skills, and practice of nurses and paramedics who provide blood transfusion services. The constraintsfaced by the nurses and paramedical personnel needs to be addressed for the overall bettermentof blood transfusion services.CONCLUSIONS: The increase in the knowledge subsequently contributed to a better practice in thetechnicians. The concept of haemovigilance and error reporting has to be stressed on the nursesand paramedics to improve their good practices.

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The effect of small group teaching on quality of life in pregnant women with nausea and vomiting: A clinical trial

. Zahra Kamali; . Zahra Abedian; . Ala SaberMohammad; . Zahra Mohebbi Dehnavi

Volume 8, Issue 9 , September 2018, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  INTRODUCTION: Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is the most common medical complication inthe first trimester of pregnancy. That associated with a wide range of physical and mental symptomsfor ...  Read More INTRODUCTION: Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is the most common medical complication inthe first trimester of pregnancy. That associated with a wide range of physical and mental symptomsfor the patient and his family and can affect the quality of life of women’s life. In addition, the trainingto improve knowledge, in adjusting diet and lifestyle, and leading to decrease nausea and vomiting.Due to the positive characteristics of training using the small groups, this study was applied with theobjective of “The effect of small group teaching on quality of life in pregnant women with nauseaand vomiting.”METHODS: This study was applied based on intervention, on 59 nulliparous women with nauseaand vomiting who referred to obstetrics ward of selected health and treatment centers in NeishaboorCounty. The training was presented by a researcher in group intervention in 8 sessions, each 45–30 minin small groups (3 groups 10 members). The control group received routine care. The studyinstruments (nausea and vomiting of pregnancy quality of life questionnaire) and (modified‑PUGE)form. The results were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, Mann–Whitney, and t‑test.RESULTS: Research units were no statistically significant difference of personal data, at the beginningof the study, and before intervention, was not differences between the mean change scores ofpostpartum stress disorder in two groups (P = 0/192). While the mean quality of life score in theintervention and control groups was statistically significant difference after intervention (P = 0.001).Quality of life score in the intervention group had statistically significant difference before and afterthe intervention (P = 0.001).CONCLUSION: Training in the intervention group with small group strategies has more effective incomparison to conventional training of nausea and vomiting.

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The comparison the effect of training by means of simulation and oral method on midwives’ skill in management of shoulder dystocia

. Masoumeh Kordi; . Fatemeh Erfanian; . Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari; . Fatemeh Dastfan; . Keivan Shariati Nejad

Volume 7, Issue 3 , May and June 2017, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

  INTRODUCTION: Shoulder dystocia is one of the obstetric emergencies that are accompanied toserious risks for mother and fetus. It necessitates making the method of training of shoulder ...  Read More INTRODUCTION: Shoulder dystocia is one of the obstetric emergencies that are accompanied toserious risks for mother and fetus. It necessitates making the method of training of shoulder dystociamanagement more efficient, i.e., better management and giving services with higher quality. Thus,this study was carried out to compare the impact of training by simulation and oral technique onthe skill of the employed midwives in obstetric clinics at Mashhad city (Iran) in shoulder dystociamanagement during 2012.METHODS: The current research is a double‑group clinical trial that was conducted on 51 members ofthe employed midwives in the obstetric clinic at Mashhad city in 2012. The questionnaire of personalspecification and awareness about shoulder dystocia and practical examination (objective‑structuredclinical examination) were employed as tools for data collection. The learners were divided into twogroups by randomized allocation. Training was done by the presentation of lecture in the oral contentgroup and a short movie was displayed at the end of it. The shoulder dystocia management techniquewas simulated in another group and through role‑playing of instructor application of moulage (station)training was conducted. The period of the training course (4 h) and content of the educationalworkshop was identical for both groups. The practical examination was held for the learnersbefore and immediately after training course. The given data were analyzed by means of statisticaldescriptive tests including Mann–Whitney U‑test and Wilcoxon test via SPSS software (version 16).The significance level was considered as (P < 0.05) in all cases.RESULTS: The total mean score was significantly increased for the variable of shoulderdystocia management skill after intervention in both groups (P < 0.0001). Similarly, the results ofMann–Whitney U‑test statistical tests indicated that total mean score for the variable of shoulderdystocia management skill after the intervention was significantly greater in simulation group thanin an oral group (P = 0.040).CONCLUSION: Training in simulated delivery room by means of role‑playing is an efficient methodfor training shoulder dystocia management skill, so it is recommended to use this program in thetraining of this skill.

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Comparison of the effect of web‑based, simulation‑based, and conventional training on the accuracy of visual estimation of postpartum hemorrhage volume on midwifery students: A randomized clinical trial

. Masoumeh Kordi; . Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari; . Seyed Reza Mazloum; . Talaat Khadivzadeh; . Farideh Akhlaghi; . Mahmoud Tara

Volume 6, Issue 1 , 2016, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  Introduction: Delay in diagnosis of bleeding can be due to underestimation of the actualamount of blood loss during delivery. Therefore, this research aimed to compare the efficacyof ...  Read More Introduction: Delay in diagnosis of bleeding can be due to underestimation of the actualamount of blood loss during delivery. Therefore, this research aimed to compare the efficacyof web‑based, simulation‑based, and conventional training on the accuracy of visual estimationof postpartum hemorrhage volume. Materials and Methods: This three‑group randomizedclinical trial study was performed on 105 midwifery students in Mashhad School of Nursing andMidwifery in 2013. The samples were selected by the convenience method and were randomlydivided into three groups of web‑based, simulation‑based, and conventional training. The threegroups participated before and 1 week after the training course in eight station practical tests,then, the students of the web‑based group were trained on‑line for 1 week, the students of thesimulation‑based group were trained in the Clinical Skills Centre for 4 h, and the students ofthe conventional group were trained for 4 h presentation by researchers. The data gatheringtool was a demographic questionnaire designed by the researchers and objective structuredclinical examination. Data were analyzed by software version 11.5. Results: The accuracy ofvisual estimation of postpartum hemorrhage volume after training increased significantly inthe three groups at all stations (1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7 (P = 0.001), 8 (P = 0.027)) except station3 (blood loss of 20 cc, P = 0.095), but the mean score of blood loss estimation after training didnot significantly different between the three groups (P = 0.95). Conclusion: Training increasedthe accuracy of estimation of postpartum hemorrhage, but no significant difference was foundamong the three training groups. We can use web‑based training as a substitute or supplementof training along with two other more common simulation and conventional methods.

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The effect of three ergonomics interventions on body posture and musculoskeletal disorders among stuff of Isfahan Province Gas Company

. Ehsanollah Habibi; . Shiva Soury

Volume 5, Issue 4 , August 2015, , Pages 1-7

Abstract

  Background: Prevalence of work‑related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) is high amongcomputer users. The study investigates the effect of three ergonomic interventions on theincidence ...  Read More Background: Prevalence of work‑related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) is high amongcomputer users. The study investigates the effect of three ergonomic interventions on theincidence of musculoskeletal disorders among the staff of Isfahan Province Gas Company,including training, sport, and installation of software. Materials and Methods: The study wasperformed in the summer of 2013 on 75 (52 men, 23 women) Isfahan Province Gas Companyemployees in three phases (phase 1: Evaluation of present situation, phase 2: Performinginterventions, and phase 3: Re‑evaluation). Participants were divided into three groups (training,exercise, and software). The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and rapid upperlimb assessment (RULA) were used. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS software andMcNemar test, t‑test, and Chi‑square test. Results: Based on the evaluations, there was adecrease in musculoskeletal symptoms among the trained group participants after they receivedthe training. McNemar test showed that the lower rate of pain in low back, neck, knee, andwrist was significant (P < 0.05). The results obtained from the RULA method for evaluationof posture showed an average 25 points decrease in the right side of the body and 20 pointsdecrease in the left side of the body in the group subjected to training. Based on t‑test, thedecrease was significant. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that majority of the participantsaccepted interventions, which indicates that most of the people were unsatisfied with the worksettings and seeking improvement at the workplace. Overall, the findings show that training,chair adjustment, and arrangement in workplace could decrease musculoskeletal disorders.

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