Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Abstract BACKGROUND: Adopting a healthy lifestyle is necessary to maintain and promote health. The aim
of this study was to determine the effect of teach‑back method on improving the lifestyle of health
ambassadors in Urmia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this quasi‑experimental study, 200 health ambassadors were
participated. The research sample was obtained using simple random sampling method. Data
collection tool was a questionnaire including demographic characteristics and lifestyle standard. The
educational intervention was performed in 4 sessions of 45 min based on the teach‑back method.
Data were collected through a lifestyle questionnaire before and 3 months after the educational
intervention. Then, the data were analyzed by mean and standard deviation, independent t‑test,
paired t‑test, and Chi‑square test through SPSS 19.
RESULTS: The results showed that 24% of the control group and 21% of the intervention group
had a good lifestyle before the educational intervention. After the educational intervention 27% of
the control group and 54% of the intervention group were in good lifestyle. The results also showed
that the mean score of total lifestyle and all its dimensions in the intervention group increased
compared to the control group after the educational intervention and the difference between the
mean score of total lifestyle and all its dimensions in the intervention group after the intervention
was significant (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Among health ambassadors, teach‑back communication is more effective in
improving the lifestyle. Therefore, it is suggested that this method must be used in designing training
programs for health ambassadors.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Adherence to treatment is one of the major challenges in patients with HIV/ADIS. If
the patients do not adhere, they will face recurrent consequences, such as disease progression. The
aim of this study was to investigate the effect of information, motivation, and behavioral Skills (IMB)
model on medication adherence, diet adherence, and physical activity in HIV/ADIS patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This interventional study was conducted on 122 patients with 20 years
of age and over with HIV/AIDS in Kerman City, Iran, in 2018. A total of patients were selected by
census method and categorized into the intervention and control groups. Later, a researcher‑made
questionnaire on IMB was used before and 3 months after the intervention to assess medication
adherence, diet adherence, and physical activity .The intervention study consisted of at least 8
training sessions (90 min) over a 12‑week period.
RESULTS: In adherence to medication, information (P = 0.034) and personal motivation (P = 0.003)
constructs and in adherence to diet, information (P = 0.025), personal motivation (P = 0.001),
self‑efficacy (P = 0.010), and skills (P = 0.011) were significantly different between the two groups
after the intervention (P = 0.011). However, regarding the adherence to physical activity, no significant
difference was found between the two groups after the intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: The IMB model can be effective in promoting the diet adherence in HIV/AIDS
patients. In this regard, more qualitative and quantitative studies are recommended on the adherence
to medication and physical activity.

Abstract BACKGROUND: HIV‑infected patients with poor antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence are prone
to depression, and depression can exacerbate the disease condition. This study was conducted to
determine ART Adherence based on Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model and
its association with depression among HIV‑positive patients.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive–correlational study was carried out on people over
the age of 18 years with HIV/AIDS, who referred to the Behavioral Diseases Counseling Center in
Kerman City, Iran, in 2017. In this regard, 119 patients were selected using the table of random
numbers. To collect the data, we used the Beck’s depressioninventory‑II and the IMB researcher
made questionnaire to evaluate the ART adherence.
RESULTS: The results of the study reveal that a significant association was observed between the
total adherence and all constructs of the IMB model (P < 0.001). Risk perception and self‑efficacy had
the highest mean scores regarding the ART adherence. The prevalence of depression was 71.5%
among patients. Information, personal motivation, and total adherence had a significant association
with depression.
CONCLUSIONS: IMB model was an appropriate and practical strategy with regard to the ART
adherence among people living with HIV who are prone to depression and drug consumption is crucial
for them to achieve the 90‑90‑90 target. This article created a questionnaire to assist policy‑makers
and health professionals designing interventions to improve adherence and health outcomes of ART.