Journal of Education and Health Promotion

The effect of a coping program on mothers’ grief following perinatal deaths

. Leila Nournorouzi; . Roghaiyeh Nourizadeh; . Sevil Hakimi; . Khalil Esmaeilpour; . Leila Najmi

Volume 12, Issue 7 , August 2022, , Pages 1-6

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mother–child attachment is formed from early stages of pregnancy and peaks inthe second trimester and continues until after childbirth. The fetal or neonatal death ... Read More BACKGROUND: Mother–child attachment is formed from early stages of pregnancy and peaks inthe second trimester and continues until after childbirth. The fetal or neonatal death as a tragic eventcould lead to the grief experience among parents, especially mothers. The present study aimed todetermine the effect of a coping program on mothers’ grief following perinatal deaths.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This trial study was performed on 56 women with the experience ofperinatal death during the last 1–3 months with a score of Perinatal Grief Scale (PGS) ≥91, whowere referred to the health centers of Tabriz, Iran, from September 2020 to June 2021. Participantswere randomly assigned into the intervention and control groups through stratified blocking on thebasis of the stillbirth and neonatal death using Random Allocation Software with a block size of 4and 6 with a ratio of 1:1. The intervention group received a coping program individually during threesessions, once a week for 45–60 min. Data collection tools included the demographic and obstetriccharacteristic questionnaire and PGS. The data were analyzed using SPSS24. The groups werecompared through t‑test, and ANCOVA after adjusting the effect of baseline score.RESULTS: Prior to coping program, the mean standard deviation of the grief total score was108.32 (14.31) in the intervention group and 107.92 (6.65) in the control group (P = 0.89). Aftercoping program, the mean of the grief total score was 82.28 (16.72) in the intervention group and101.05 (12.78) in the control group. After adjusting the effect of baseline score and stratified factors,the mean of the grief total score in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in thecontrol group [Adjusted mean difference (AMD): −18.77, 95% confidence interval: −26.79 to − 10.75,P ≤ 0.001].CONCLUSION: Conducting a coping program during 1–3 months after experiencing perinatal deathsis effective in reducing the mothers’ grief reactions. It is recommended to evaluate the effectivenessof the same intervention after perinatal deaths for both parents with a longer follow‑up period infurther studies.BACKGROUND: Mother–child attachment is formed from early stages of pregnancy and peaks inthe second trimester and continues until after childbirth. The fetal or neonatal death as a tragic eventcould lead to the grief experience among parents, especially mothers. The present study aimed todetermine the effect of a coping program on mothers’ grief following perinatal deaths.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This trial study was performed on 56 women with the experience ofperinatal death during the last 1–3 months with a score of Perinatal Grief Scale (PGS) ≥91, whowere referred to the health centers of Tabriz, Iran, from September 2020 to June 2021. Participantswere randomly assigned into the intervention and control groups through stratified blocking on thebasis of the stillbirth and neonatal death using Random Allocation Software with a block size of 4and 6 with a ratio of 1:1. The intervention group received a coping program individually during threesessions, once a week for 45–60 min. Data collection tools included the demographic and obstetriccharacteristic questionnaire and PGS. The data were analyzed using SPSS24. The groups werecompared through t‑test, and ANCOVA after adjusting the effect of baseline score.RESULTS: Prior to coping program, the mean standard deviation of the grief total score was108.32 (14.31) in the intervention group and 107.92 (6.65) in the control group (P = 0.89). Aftercoping program, the mean of the grief total score was 82.28 (16.72) in the intervention group and101.05 (12.78) in the control group. After adjusting the effect of baseline score and stratified factors,the mean of the grief total score in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in thecontrol group [Adjusted mean difference (AMD): −18.77, 95% confidence interval: −26.79 to − 10.75,P ≤ 0.001].CONCLUSION: Conducting a coping program during 1–3 months after experiencing perinatal deathsis effective in reducing the mothers’ grief reactions. It is recommended to evaluate the effectivenessof the same intervention after perinatal deaths for both parents with a longer follow‑up period infurther studies.Keywords:Bereavement, grief, perinatal death, stillbirt

The effect of counseling based on acceptance and commitment therapy on anxiety, depression, and quality of life among female adolescent students

. Sayeh Shiri; . Azizeh Farshbaf‑Khalili; . Khalil Esmaeilpour; . Niloofar Sattarzadeh

Volume 12, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 1-10

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a stressful time period. Adolescents experience new changes physically, mentally, emotionally, and socially. The purpose of this study was to determine ... Read More

Effect of smartphone‑based education on knowledge and self‑care of reproductive health in married students

. Azam Karimi Vanestanagh; . Azizeh Farshbaf‑Khalili; . Khalil Esmaeilpour; . Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi; . Niloufar Sattarzadeh Jahdi

Volume 11, Issue 3 , March 2021, , Pages 1-8

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Education by smartphone‑based software is a new method among the world’seducational practices. Due to the lack of studies on the effect of this education on promotingknowledge ... Read More

The effect of counseling based on acceptance and commitment therapy on mental health and quality of life among infertile couples: A randomized controlled trial

. Masoumeh Hosseinpanahi; . Mojgan Mirghafourvand; . Azizeh Farshbaf‑Khalili; . Khalil Esmaeilpour; . Masoumeh Rezaei; . Jamileh Malakouti

Volume 10, Issue 9 , September 2020, , Pages 1-9

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Infertility by creating a disturbing and debilitating condition is considered as animportant individual, public, and social health problem. The purpose of this study was ... Read More

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Author = . Khalil Esmaeilpour

The effect of a coping program on mothers’ grief following perinatal deaths

Abstract

The effect of counseling based on acceptance and commitment therapy on anxiety, depression, and quality of life among female adolescent students

Abstract

Effect of smartphone‑based education on knowledge and self‑care of reproductive health in married students

Abstract

The effect of counseling based on acceptance and commitment therapy on mental health and quality of life among infertile couples: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract