Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Abstract Fibromyalgia has been increasing worldwide and is considered a public health problem.
Nonpharmacological treatment through exercise and education is recommended for
fibromyalgia management. In this sense, there is a need for interdisciplinary programs to
promote health and improve symptoms in fibromyalgia. The purpose of this study was
to verify the effectiveness of interdisciplinary health education programs for individuals
with fibromyalgia. This is a systematic review that followed the Preferred Reporting
Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‑Analyses recommendations and was registered
at Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD4201913228). A search was conducted
in the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online, Lilacs, Medical Literature
Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scopus, Web of Knowledge ISI, Physiotherapy
Evidence Database, Excerpta Medica Database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied
Health Literature, Cochrane Library, and SPORTDiscus. The descriptors used were
“Fibromyalgia” and “Health Education.” Clinical trials published between 1990 and 2019
were selected. The Jadad Quality Scale and the Cochrane Risk‑of‑Bias Tool were used to
evaluate the risk of bias and the methodological quality of the clinical trials. The search
found 2887 articles, and only two studies were included in the analysis. Both studies
conducted the interventions through lectures and group activities. In particular, the
topics most frequently approached at the interdisciplinary health education programs
were general information about fibromyalgia, body practices, physical activities, and
pharmacological approaches. An interdisciplinary health education program can improve
pain and quality of life in people with fibromyalgia; however, evidence shows low
methodological quality. This systematic review indicates that studies are of low quality,
interfering with the effectiveness of interdisciplinary health education programs.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Clinical trials concerning the effect of supplements or multivitamin on improving
the quality of life have proven different results. The present study was conducted to examine the
effect of multivitamin supplement on quality of life of the elderly.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty‑four old people over 65 years of age in Kermanshah Elderly Care
Center participated in this randomized trial. The samples were first selected using the convenience
sampling and then were randomly assigned into intervention and control groups. The intervention
group received one multivitamin mineral (MVM) supplement capsule every day for 3 months with
no intervention for the control group. Standard quality of life questionnaire was used to collect the
data. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 22.
RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 70.77 ± 8.29 years. The results of intra‑group
evaluation of the aspects of quality of life of the elderly show the lack of significant changes in the mean
scores of physical health and environmental health of the elderly in the intervention group (P > 0.05)
and the significant reduction of these aspects in the control group (P < 0.05) after intervention. The
mean score of mental health scores in the intervention group significantly increased (P = 0.01),
but there are no significant changes in the control group (P = 0.273). The mean scores of social
relationships as well as the overall score of quality of life in the intervention and control groups
showed no significant changes (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The present study showed that the consumption of MVM supplements can have
a positive effect on increasing the quality of life of the elderly, but it is recommended to be done in
the long term along diet. Moreover, considering the fact that no change was observed in the other
aspects of the quality of life, attentions should be paid to the environmental and social factors such
as social supports and empowerment of the old people in the future studies.