Predicting oral health behaviors among Iranian students by using health belief model
Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2019, Pages 1-9
. Azam Goodarzi, . Alireza Heidarnia, . Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian, . Mohammad Eslami
Abstract INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is assessing predictors to oral health behavior in Iranian
students based on the health belief model.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross‑sectional study was conducted on 416 (applying the
statistical estimation) of fifth‑grade female students of Tehran in 2016. Random cluster sampling
method was used to recruit students. The inclusion criteria were being grade five female student
(aged 10–12 years), and studying in governmental schools, and having a signed consent from the
child’s parent or legal guardian. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the variables that
predict oral health behaviors.
RESULTS: Overall, 416 female students were entered into the study. Of these, only
55.3% of the students reported that they were brushing at least twice a day, 22.4%
were using dental floss at least once a day, and 23.1% reported checking their teeth
every 6 months. The results obtained from the logistic regression analysis indicated that
perceived self‑efficacy, was the significant predicting factor for brushing at least twice a day
(odds ratio [OR] = 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.06–1.69, P = 0.012) and use of dental
floss at least once a day (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.14–2.27, P = 0.007). Furthermore, mother’s job
predicted use of dental floss at least once a day by (OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.07–3.10). Perceived
benefits were the significant predicting factor for 6 months check (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.14–2.77).
CONCLUSION: The current study provides evidence oral health can be promoted by increasing
perceived self‑efficacy and enhancing perceived benefits in female students.