Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Abstract BACKGROUND: Patient‑centered care (PCC) is a key component of high‑quality care. Given the 
different effects of cancer on patients, patient‑centeredness is very important in oncology nursing 
care. The aim of this study was to explore nurses’ perceptions of the patient‑centered in oncology 
nursing care.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive qualitative study was conducted in 2018–2020, Iran. 
Data collection methods included observation and semi‑structured interviews. Patient, family, and nurse 
behaviors were observed (total: 318 h). In addition, interviews were conducted with nurses and nursing 
managers (12 interviews). Data analysis was performed using Graneheim and Lundman’s approach.
RESULTS: Data analysis resulted in the emergence of four themes: “Organizational structure as 
a barrier to the PCC,” “Lack of institutionalization of PCC in nurses,” “Understanding and paying 
attention to the patient as PCC,” and “Situational PCC.” The final theme of this study is “PCC in the 
shadow of paternalism.”
CONCLUSIONS: The paternalism approach in the context of oncology nursing care has made the 
realization of PCC difficult. The first step to promote PCC is increasing nurses’ awareness of the impact 
of paternalism on patient‑centeredness. Providing patient‑centered oncology nursing care requires 
changing attitudes, values, and behaviors at individual, professional, and organizational levels.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Paying attention to students’ opinions and suggestions on existing evaluation
methods and new methods of evaluation is an essential and important part of clinical education, so
this study aimed at determining the effectiveness of two evaluation techniques satisfaction among
undergraduate nursing students.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a quasi‑experimental study conducted on 60 undergraduate
nursing students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2019. There were 30 samples in each
group (logbook and e‑logbook) that were selected by convenience sampling method. the Android
application (e‑logbook) was used in the intervention group to evaluate the clinical skills of students.
The User Satisfaction Questionnaire was conducted by undergraduate nursing students. Data were
analyzed using SPSS software version 14 and descriptive statistical tests.
RESULTS: The results showed that the mean (standard deviation) overall score of satisfaction
from both evaluation methods including logbook and e‑logbook was 39.7 (9.4) and 47.7 (12.2),
respectively. Also satisfaction score of the evaluation method was significantly different between
the two groups (P = 0.03).
CONCLUSION: According to the results of the present study, the use of new and active methods of
evaluation, including the application of e‑logbook, can be useful in evaluating nursing students and
cause student satisfaction, so using the application is useful.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Evaluation of students’ clinical performance is an essential part of nursing
education. Mobile technology is one of the new methods of evaluation that has opened a new horizon
for nursing professors. Therefore, this study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate mobile health
technology in critical care nursing department in four‑phase intervention.
METHODS: This study was a four‑stage educational intervention in which all postgraduate students
of intensive care nursing in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences participated in the study. The four
steps were designing and developing a logbook, needs assessment, designing and implementing
an Android app, and evaluating users (students) of the Android app. Subjects' satisfaction scores
were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire with 14 questions. Data were analyzed using
SPSS 14 software.
RESULTS: In this study, a clinical practice evaluation app was designed at four levels of
access (student, professor, department manager, and faculty dean). The results showed that more
than half of app users reported this technology in terms of an overall response to the tool (87.5%),
tool specificity (100%), the amount of information displayed (75%), page layout (62.5%), information
rate (75%), recall information (87.5%), and ease of doing instructions (100%) were positive.
CONCLUSION: Evaluation of clinical practice using technology was associated with increasing
students’ satisfaction with evaluation method. In addition, this application enabled the simultaneous
interaction between the professor with the higher and lower ranks, including the department manager
and student and vice versa and the simultaneous recording of this interaction.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Nurse educators need to develop the level of scientific and practical of the students
with the goal of becoming expert nurses. However, the use of modern educational methods to raise
the motivation and satisfaction of learners can help individuals achieve this goal. Therefore, the aim
of this study was to investigate the effect of health education in emergency nurses about triage.
METHODS: A two‑group pool‑blind experimental study was performed on seventy emergency nurses.
Samples were randomly assigned into two groups: e‑learning group (35 individuals = electronic
education) and traditional group (35 = workshop education). The demographic questionnaire and the
satisfaction questionnaire before and 2 weeks after the intervention in both groups were completed.
RESULTS: Independent t‑test showed that the satisfaction scores before intervention in both
e‑learning and traditional groups were not statistically significant, whereas there was a significant
difference between two groups after 2 weeks after the intervention (P = 0/015).
CONCLUSION: Using nursing professors’ electronic education programs can increase the level of
satisfaction and motivation in the nursing mothers. Therefore, the use of this new educational method
is recommended by managers and educational planners as an effective teaching.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Role play is an educational method that is widely used for skill training because it
forces students to think about people who play their role. Therefore, the present study was conducted
with the aim of determining the effect of role‑playing method education compared to traditional method
education on the performance of nursing students in advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a semi‑experimental study in which 70 nursing students in
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were randomly divided into two groups (35 students in each
group): role‑playing method and traditional method. The performance of nursing students in advanced
cardiopulmonary resuscitation was evaluated using a performance checklist before and after training,
in both groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS 14 software using descriptive and analytical tests of
independent t‑test and paired t‑test.
RESULTS: The paired t‑test showed a significant difference between the mean performance scores
after intervention between case and control groups, respectively (P = 0.01). Furthermore, independent
t‑test showed that there was a significant difference between the mean score of clinical performance
in the two educational groups (P = 0.01).
CONCLUSION: The results of the research show the effectiveness of role‑playing method, which
leads to improved performance of the students in advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Therefore,
this method can help the teachers to plan for the modification of educational programs in the
course of apprenticeship and internship and improve the management skills of students’ advanced
cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Mobile health has the potential to revolutionize the role of educators by empowering
nurses to take more responsibility for their own learning. Hence, this study was designed to examine
the effect of mobile health method to emergency nurses’ knowledge about Emergency Severity
Index triage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A two groups’ pool blind quasi‑experimental study was performed
on emergency department nurses working in hospitals affiliated with Isfahan University of Medical
Sciences. The study was conducted from September to November 2014. Sample size was calculated
as 35 participants in each group (a total of seventy participants). Participants were divided into two
groups of mobile health and workshop, randomly. Participants’ knowledge score was collected
according to researcher‑made questionnaire with twenty questions. SPSS version 11.5 was used
to conduct statistical tests such as independent t‑test and paired t‑test for analyzing the data with
the significant level <0.05.
RESULTS: The results show that there was not any significant difference between the knowledge
scores of mobile health and workshop group before intervention, but there was a significant difference
after 2‑week intervention (P = 0.012).
CONCLUSION: The electronic program was an attractive education method for emergency nurses
because in these method educators by empowering nurses to take more responsibility for their own
learning. Hence, it is suggested that mobile health is used by authorities along with routine training,
due to its less cost and spending less time.

Abstract Discourse analysis (DA) is an interdisciplinary field of inquiry and becoming an increasingly popular
research strategy for researchers in various disciplines which has been little employed by health‑care
researchers. The methodology involves a focus on the sociocultural and political context in which
text and talk occur. DA adds a linguistic approach to an understanding of the relationship between
language and ideology, exploring the way in which theories of reality and relations of power are
encoded in such aspects as the syntax, style, and rhetorical devices used in texts. DA is a useful and
productive qualitative methodology but has been underutilized within health‑care system research.
Without a clear understanding of discourse theory and DA it is difficult to comprehend important
research findings and impossible to use DA as a research strategy. To redress this deficiency, in
this article, represents an introduction to concepts of discourse and DA, DA history, Philosophical
background, DA types and analysis strategy. Finally, we discuss how affect to the ideological
dimension of such phenomena discourse in health‑care system, health beliefs and intra‑disciplinary
relationship in health‑care system.

Abstract Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease prevalent in young and middle‑aged
people. Patients with MS often have numerous complicated needs and, consequently, require
a broad range of health services. Results of a number of studies indicate that patients’ needs
are only partially met. Aims: This study was conducted to explore the challenges of healthcare
delivery to patients with MS in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this qualitative case study,
43 participants selected through purposeful sampling were interviewed using semi‑structured
method in the cities of Isfahan and Tehran in 2012–2013. Besides the interview, documentations
relevant to healthcare delivery were collected from different sources, including websites of
all Iranian universities of medical sciences, insurance organizations, patients’ weblogs, news
agencies, the MS Center forum for MS patients, and MS Payam bimonthly. The data were
analyzed through the constant comparative analysis. Results: The data were categorized
into four main categories, including functional challenges (diagnosis problems, failure to
pay attention to patient needs, failure to follow‑up, and miscommunication), administrative
challenges (resource allocation and supervision), policy‑making challenges (lack of
comprehensive services, bureaucracy, and problems in provision of medications), and structural
challenges (difficult access to services, lack of comprehensive centers, space limit, and long
wait). Conclusion: Despite all attempts of governmental and nongovernmental organizations
for healthcare delivery to MS patients, these services cannot satisfy all needs of the patients.
In this regard, service providers and administrators should pay more attention to the needs
and expectations of patients and their families.