Journal of Education and Health Promotion

Abstract BACKGROUND: The expansion of pregnancy‑related mobile applications has led to an increase
in the usage of these applications by Iranian women, which has the potential to have a long‑term
impact on women’s pregnancy health and, as a result, community health. The goal of this research
was to investigate the state of pregnancy‑related mobile applications in Iran.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive‑applied research approach which was
conducted in 2020. One hundred and fifty‑seven pregnancy apps from different Iranian mobile app
markets were installed and were examined in terms of the resources used and their validity, subject
distribution, participation of obstetricians in the app development, apps volume, rank acquired by
users and distribution of apps according to the developers. The relationship between the number of
resources used and user rankings was also tested.
RESULTS: A total of 157 apps were categorized into 12 subject categories based on their content.
Only 1.3% of the apps were developed with the participation of obstetricians. Only 5% of the apps
had used reliable information resources. Furthermore, the number of resources referenced in the
studied apps did not have a significant relationship with star ratings (r = 0.03, P = 0.64), according
to the Pearson correlation test.
CONCLUSION: Iranian mobile applications in the field of pregnancy have grown significantly in
terms of quantity, subject diversity, and user acceptance; however, the credibility of the information
in these apps cannot be validated. This serves as a reminder to users to exercise caution while
using such apps.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Newspapers play an important role in improving public health literacy. This study
analysis the content of pediatric information in widely circulated Iranian newspapers in 2014.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an applied survey performed using content analysis
method. The data gathering tool was a checklist designed by the researcher. The sample size was
determined using nonprobability sampling to be 426 articles with pediatric‑related topics of five
Iranian newspapers.
RESULTS: The results showed that the most popular topics included “psychological disorders” (19.6%)
and “nutrition” (19.27%). The null areas include “physiopathology of body fluids and fluid therapy”
and “gynecological problems in childhood” (0%).
CONCLUSION: The messages identified were more in line with needs of Iranian society which
shows a need to pay more attention to international standards by both journalists and pediatricians.

Abstract BACKGROUND: The study aimed to assess interdisciplinary communication among various
Educational and Research Departments of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) in clinical
medical sciences using social network analysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out using scientometrics method and
interdisciplinary communication network analysis. Interdisciplinary network of 1298 articles in medical
sciences published in Journal of Isfahan Medical School was evaluated using macro‑ and micro‑level
criteria of network analysis. Ravar Matrix, UCINET, and VOSviewer software were used to analyze
the interdisciplinary network of medical sciences articles.
RESULTS: Findings showed that “Students Research Committee” and “School of Medicine,” the
affiliations of the medical students in general practice with scores of 272 and 197, “Epidemiology and
Biostatistics,” “Community Medicine,” and “Internal Medicine” with 170, 101, and 99, respectively,
possessed the first ranking of productivity index in scientific communication. Furthermore, in
betweenness centrality index, “Epidemiology and Biostatistics” (3427.807), “Students Research
Committee” (2967.180), and “Community Medicine” (1770.300) have an appropriate position in
the network. Based on the centrality index, “Epidemiology and Biostatistics” (22.412), “Students
Research Committee” (22.185) as well as “Community Medicine” and “School of Medicine” (both
21.554) acquired the least amount of distance with other nodes in network.
CONCLUSION: Given the increased specialization in medical fields in recent years, communication
between researchers with various specializations and creation of interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary
departments had turned into an undeniable necessity. Therefore, communication between educational
or research departments can facilitate the flow of information between researchers; and consequently,
the top ranking departments in this study had more participation in scientific production of IUMS
and getting more scores in annual evaluation by scientometrics department. This network analysis
showed that researchers in various medical fields closely collaborate with each other and are able
to connect with <2 intermediates.

Abstract Introduction: The important role of information and communication technologies and their
influence on methods of storing, retrieving information in digital libraries, has not only changed
the meanings behind classic library activates but has also created great changes in their services.
However, it seems that not all digital libraries provide their users with similar services and only
some of them are successful in fulfilling their role in digital environment. The Iranian National
Medical library is among those that appear to come short compared to other digital libraries
around the world. By knowing the different services provided by digital libraries worldwide, one
can evaluate the services provided by Iranian National Medical library. The goal of this study is a
comparison between Iranian National Medical library and digital libraries of selected countries.
Materials and Methods: This is an applied study and uses descriptive – survey method. The
statistical population is the digital libraries around the world which were actively providing library
services between October and December 2011 and were selected by using the key word “Digital
Library” in Google search engine. The data‑gathering tool was direct access to the websites of
these digital libraries. The statistical study is descriptive and Excel software was used for data
analysis and plotting of the charts. Results: The findings showed that among the 33 digital
libraries investigated worldwide, most of them provided Browse (87.87%), Search (84.84%), and
Electronic information retrieval (57.57%) services. The “Help” in public services (48/48%) and
“Interlibrary Loan” in traditional services (27/27%) had the highest frequency. The Iranian National
Medical library provides more digital services compared to other libraries but has less classic
and public services and has less than half of possible public services. Other than Iranian National
Medical library, among the 33 libraries investigated, the leaders in providing different services
are Library of University of California in classic services, Count Way Library of Medicine in digital
services, and Library of Finland in public services. Results and Discussion: The results of this
study show that among the digital libraries investigated, most provided similar public, digital,
and classic services and The Iranian National Medical library has been somewhat successful
in providing these services compared to other
digital libraries. One can also conclude that
the difference in services is at least in part
due to difference in environments, information
needs, and users. Conclusion: Iranian
National Medical Library has been somewhat
successful in providing library services in
digital environment and needs to identify
the services which are valuable to its users
by identifying the users’ needs and special
characteristics of its environment

Abstract Introduction: Patient education plays an important role in the control of diabetes. Nonattendance
education, enabling elimination of limitations caused by time and space and facilitating the relationship
between patient and care liaison is an effective, simple, and cheap method. The aim of this study
is determination of the effects of nonattendance information therapy on the control of glycosylated
hemoglobin (HbA1
C) in type2 diabetic patients in Isfahan. Materials and Methods: The present study
was an interventional semi experimental study with pretest and post‑test and control groups. Statistical
population were type 2 diabetics patients of the Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center,
of whom 64 people were randomly selected and divided into intervention and control groups. First, the
preliminary data were collected using the HbA1
c test in patients. Then, the intervention group received
training package and Short Message Service (SMS) for eight weeks. After one‑month incubation
period, HbA1
c was again determined in both groups. Data were analyzed using t‑test, paired t‑test
and Mann–Whitney U and Chi‑square tests. Results: Results showed that diabetes patients’ HbA1
c
in the intervention group was significantly lower after the intervention through training packages
and SMS service compared to before the intervention (P < 0.001). Comparison of the two groups
showed that there was a significant difference in the HbA1
C between the intervention and control
groups (P = 0.048). Conclusion: Follow‑up of education of patients with type 2 diabetes through
training packages and SMS services had significant effects on the control of the patients’ HbA1
C.
Also due to the low cost and high effectiveness of this method, it is recommended to health‑care
providers and treatment groups. This study also showed that having medical librarians along with
treatment group can have a positive effect on the type 2 diabetic patients’ health.

Abstract Introduction: Bibliotherapy is a supplement, simple, inexpensive and readily available
method to treat the diseases that is performed with cooperation of librarians and
psychologists or doctors. The aim of this study is the investigation of group bibliotherapy’s
effect on the self‑esteem of the female students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Living in Dormitory in 2012. Materials and Methods: The present study is an interventional
semi‑experimental study with pre test and post test and control group. The statistical
population of study consisted of 32 female students who reside in Isfahan University
of Medical Sciences dormitories which control and case groups and the students were
divided randomly between these two groups. Data was collected by Cooper Smith
Self‑esteem questionnaire scale (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.85). Two groups were examined
by the questionnaire in pre test. Case group received group bibliotherapy for 2 month
(8 sessions of 2 hours), while the control group received no training at all. Then, 2 groups
were assessed in post test after 1 month. Descriptive statistics (means and frequencies
distribution) and inferential statistics (independent t‑ test, paired t‑ test and mann whitney)
were used and data was analyzed by SPSS20 software. Results: The findings showed that
group bibliotherapy had positive and significant effect on general, family, professional and
total self esteem of female students living in dormitories, but it had no effect on their social
self esteem. Conclusion: Group bibliotherapy can increase female students’ self‑esteem
levels. On the other hand, conducting these studies not only can improve mental health of
people, but can also improve their reading habits.

Abstract Introduction: Information‑seeking behaviors have been one of the main focuses of researchers
in order to identify and solve the problems users face in information recovery. The aim of this
research is Comparative on Information‑Seeking Behavior of the Postgraduate Students in
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Isfahan University in Writing Dissertation based on
Kuhlthau Model of Information Search Process in 2012. Materials and Methods: The research
method followed is survey and the data collection tool is Narmenji questionnaire. Statistical
population was all postgraduate students in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Isfahan
University. The sample size was 196 people and sampling was stratified randomly. The type of
statistical analyses were descriptive (mean and frequency) and inferential (independent t test
and Pearson’s correlation) and the software used was SPSS20. Results: The findings showed
that Isfahan Medical Sciences University followed 20% of the order steps of this model and
Isfahan University did not follow this model. In the first stage (Initiation) and sixth (Presentation)
of feelings aspects and in actions (total stages) significant difference was found between
students from the two universities. Between gender and fourth stage (Formulation) and the
total score of feelings the Kuhlthau model there has a significant relationship. Also there
was a significant and inverse relationship between the third stage (Exploration) of feelings
and age of the students. Conclusion: The results showed that in writing dissertation there
were some major differences in following up the Kuhlthau model between students of the
two Universities. There are significant differences between some of the stages of feelings
and actions of students’ information‑seeking behavior from the two universities. There
is a significant relationship between the
fourth stage (Formulation) of feelings in the
Kuhlthau Model with gender and third stage
of the Feelings (Exploration) with age.

Abstract Introduction: Recent progress in providing innovative solutions in the organization of electronic
resources and research in this area shows a global trend in the use of new strategies such
as metadata to facilitate description, place for, organization and retrieval of resources in the
web environment. In this context, library metadata standards have a special place; therefore,
the purpose of the present study has been a comparative study on the Central Libraries’
Websites of Iran State Universities for Hyper Text Mark-up Language (HTML) and Dublin
Core metadata elements usage in 2011. Materials and Methods: The method of this study
is applied-descriptive and data collection tool is the check lists created by the researchers.
Statistical community includes 98 websites of the Iranian State Universities of the Ministry of
Health and Medical Education and Ministry of Science, Research and Technology and method
of sampling is the census. Information was collected through observation and direct visits to
websites and data analysis was prepared by Microsoft Excel software, 2011. Results: The
results of this study indicate that none of the websites use Dublin Core (DC) metadata and
that only a few of them have used overlaps elements between HTML meta tags and Dublin
Core (DC) elements. The percentage of overlaps of DC elements centralization in the Ministry of
Health were 56% for both description and keywords and, in the Ministry of Science, were 45%
for the keywords and 39% for the description. But, HTML meta tags have moderate presence
in both Ministries, as the most-used elements were keywords and description (56%) and the
least-used elements were date and formatter (0%). Conclusion: It was observed that the
Ministry of Health and Ministry of Science follows the same path for using Dublin Core standard
on their websites in the future. Because Central Library Websites are an example of scientific
web pages, special attention in designing them can help the researchers to achieve faster
and more accurate information resources. Therefore, the influence of librarians’ ideas on the
awareness of web designers and developers
will be important for using metadata elements
as general, and specifically for applying such
standards.