. Shahram Ghasemi Amraei; . Farideh Malekshahi; . Fateme Goudarzi; . Farzad Ebrahimzadeh
Volume 10, Issue 4 , April 2020, , Pages 1-8
Abstract
BACKGROUND: An unhealthy lifestyle can threaten the health of nursing staff, especially in thecontext of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Considering the importance of health education ...
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BACKGROUND: An unhealthy lifestyle can threaten the health of nursing staff, especially in thecontext of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Considering the importance of health education inpromoting preventive behaviors against these diseases, this study aimed to evaluate the effect ofan educational program based on the health belief model (HBM) on improving preventive behaviorsof nurses against CVDs.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a randomized controlled trial with a pretest–posttest designconducted on 104 nursing staff of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Kuhdasht, Lorestan, Iran, in 2017.They were randomly assigned into two groups of HBM (n = 52) and control (n = 52). The HBM groupreceived the educational intervention for 6 weeks, one session per week each for 30–40 min. Theywere measured before and after the intervention using a demographic form, a researcher‑made HBMquestionnaire, Baecke Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the 3‑day food intake record all inPersian. The collected data were analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)v. 24 software using the Chi‑squared test and paired t‑test.RESULTS: The educational program could only increase the perceived severity (22.64 ± 2.22),perceived benefits (50.83 ± 5.22), and perceived self‑efficacy (42.37 ± 5.93) of nurses in the HBMgroup compared to the controls (P < 0.05). The nurses’ perceived sensitivity was also increased,but it was not significant (P > 0.05). In the HBM group, a significant change was found in thefood intake level for energy (t = 4.79, P = 0.000), protein (t = −2.99, P = 0.004), and unsaturatedfat (t = −2.94, P = 0.005) after intervention. No significant difference was observed in the total physicalactivity score after the intervention (P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: An educational program based on the HBM model can be used to increase theseverity, benefits, and self‑efficacy of the nurses’ preventive behaviors against CVDs and modifytheir dietary regime.
